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1、第三单元过关检测(B卷)(时间:90分钟满分:120分)第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2020全国卷改编)When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list,fur probably didnt cross your mind.But some ecologists and fashion(时装) enthusiasts are tryin
2、g to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles.“It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free furunless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year,”says
3、Cree McCree,project director of Righteous Fur.Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail.Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild.“The ec
4、osystem down there cant handle this non-native species(物种).Its destroying the environment.Its them or us,”says Michael Massimi,an expert in this field.The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades,but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s,the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy
5、.Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana.He says its not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green,but he has no doubt about it.Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year,so part of Moutons job these days is trying to promote fur.Then theres Righteous
6、 Fur and its unusual fashions.Model Paige Morgan says,“To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on themI think thats going to be a massive thing,at least here in New York.”Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion
7、that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable.Shes trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.1.What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?A.To promote guilt-free fur.B.To expand the fashion market.C.To introduce a
8、 new brand.D.To celebrate a winter holiday.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,在这两个城市举办的时装展不同寻常,如果了解了背后的原因,人们就不必因为穿着用动物毛皮制作的衣服而感到内疚。由此推断出,时装展的目的是宣传推广用海狸鼠的毛皮制成的时装。故选A项。2.Why are scientists concerned about nutria?A.Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.B.Nutria are an endangered species.C.Nutria hurt local cat-sized
9、 animals.D.Nutria are illegally hunted.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知,科学家们之所以关心海狸鼠,是因为它们严重破坏了当地的生态系统。故选A项。3.What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean?A.Boomed. B.Became mature.C.Remained stable.D.Crashed.答案D解析词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的句意,尤其是but前面出现的短语keep sth in check“将控制住”可推断出,该画线词意为“崩溃;暴跌;
10、倒闭”。故选D项。BThe snow in Antarctica is turning green and scientists say climate change may be to blame.According to a study at the Cambridge University,microscopic algae blooms across the surface of the snow is slowly turning Antarcticas winter white landscape green.Although microscopic,scientists say
11、theyre able to see the “green snow” from space when the algae blooms all together.Researchers created a large-scale map of green snow algae along the Antarctic coast using a combination of satellite data and on-the-ground observations over the course of two summers.The study found that the green sno
12、w algae bloomed in warmer areas where the average temperatures are just above 0 during the southern hemispheres (半球的) summer months from November to February.“As Antarctica warms,we predict the overall mass of snow algae will increase,” said Dr Andrew Gray,lead author of the paper,and a researcher.R
13、esearchers say larger blooms of algae can be found north of the Antarctic and South Shetland Islands,where it can spread to higher ground as the snow melts.The team also discovered some sea birds and mammals influenced the distribution of algae.Over 60% of algae blooms were found within three miles
14、of a penguin settlement.Scientists hypothesize this may be due to their droppings,which act as a “highly nutritious fertiliser.”“This is a significant advance in our understanding of land-based life on Antarctica,and how it might change in the coming years as the climate warms,” said Dr Matt Davey i
15、n the University of Cambridges Department of Plant Sciences,who led the study.4.What is turning the Antarctic snow green?A.The melting of snow.B.The blooming algae.C.The beautiful landscape.D.The balanced temperature.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“.microscopic algae blooms across the surface of the snow is slow
16、ly turning Antarcticas winter white landscape green.”可知,遍布雪表面的微生物藻类的爆发正在慢慢地将南极洲冬天的白色景观变成绿色。所以南极洲的雪变绿的原因是藻类的爆发。故选B项。5.Where is microscopic algae most likely to bloom in Antarctica?A.North of the Antarctic.B.West of the South Pole.C.South of the Antarctic.D.Around the southern hemisphere.答案A解析细节理解题。根据
17、第三段中的“Researchers say larger blooms of algae can be found north of the Antarctic and South Shetland Islands”可知,调查者们说更大的藻类的爆发会在南极洲北部和南设得兰群岛被发现。故选A项。6.What does the underlined word “hypothesize” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Confirm.B.Support.C.Assume.D.Warn.答案C解析词义猜测题。根据“this may be due to their dro
18、ppings”中的may和due to可知,科学家们是在推测和假设原因。故选C项。7.What can we learn from the text?A.Penguins feed on microscopic algae.B.Antarctic algae grow under the snow.C.Ground observation lasted for four months.D.Animal droppings contribute to the algae blooms.答案D解析细节理解题。文中并未提到企鹅以藻类为食,故A项错,排除选项A;根据“across the surfac
19、e of the snow”可知,藻类覆盖在雪的表面,故B项错,排除选项B;根据“on-the-ground observations over the course of two summers”可知,地面观察持续了两个夏天,故C项错,排除选项C;根据“this may be due to their droppings”可知,藻类的爆发可能是因为企鹅等动物的粪便。故选D项。CInteractions between people and elephants have a long history.Elephants have been trained and used by human b
20、eings for thousands of years.In more recent times,Asian elephants have been used in entertainment and as a living “machine” to help move logs through the jungle as part of the logging industry.The latter changed in Thailand in 1989,when the Thai government banned the use of elephants in the logging
21、industry.Owners of elephants had very little choice but to turn to tourism to earn enough to care for themselves and their elephants by offering elephant riding to tourists.Mahouts (象夫) are the elephant handlers who you will see riding or managing the elephants at any camp you visit.The traditional
22、mahout life isnt easy.They are bonded to their elephant and they rarely have time off or time for family.These years,younger mahouts in Thailand have been more likely to leave the mahout life to find jobs in the city,resulting in elephants having to get used to multiple mahouts.This can lead to addi
23、tional stress on the elephant,or result in abuse by a mahout trying to manage an elephant that hasnt built any level of trust with him.Opponents of elephant riding may suggest that elephant rides be illegal.My worry is that an immediate ban could lead to another massive change in how elephants are t
24、reated,similar to ending elephant logging in 1989.How will mahouts that are currently making a living and supporting their elephants through rides be able to continue to do so?The average lifespan of an elephant is 60 years.Any solution needs to take into account the long-term effects on the elephan
25、ts currently employed giving rides.8.What happened in 1989 in Thailand?A.Elephants lost their jobs.B.Elephants joined in tourism.C.Entertainment was forbidden.D.The government banned logging.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The latter changed in Thailand in 1989,.by offering elephant riding to tourists.”可知,1989年在
26、泰国大象加入了旅游业。故选B项。9.What will cause the ill treatment of some elephants?A.The great stress to make money.B.The former masters leaving them.C.The heavy load on the elephants.D.The owners mistrust of the elephants.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“These years,younger mahouts.of trust with him.”可知,前象夫的离开,可能导致一些大象被新的象夫虐
27、待。故选B项。10.Whats the best title for the passage?A.Will You Go to ThailandB.Why are Elephants TrainedC.How do Mahouts Train ElephantsD.Should You Ride Elephants in Thailand答案D解析主旨大意题。根据第五段内容可知,本文通过陈述在泰国大象被用于旅游业供人骑行,以及有人反对骑大象,提出了骑大象可能导致其他严重的问题。人们在做任何决定前都要从对大象的长期影响考虑。故选D项。11.Why does the author write th
28、is passage?A.To present a problem.B.To criticise mahouts.C.To introduce Thailand.D.To record his experience.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第五段中的“How will mahouts that are .employed giving rides.”可知,作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提出一个问题,即“是否应该禁止骑行大象”。故选A项。DChinese miners have managed to extract “flammable ice” from the seafloor of the
29、South China Sea,according to the Ministry of Land and Resources.“The successful collection of the frozen fuel is a major breakthrough that may lead to a global energy revolution,” said Chinas Minister of Land and Resources,Jiang Daming.“Flammable Ice” is methane hydrates (甲烷水合物) with molecules(分子) o
30、f methane gas trapped in ice crystals.It can exist only in conditions of very low temperatures and high pressure.One cubic metre of flammable ice is equal to 164 cubic metres of natural gas,according to the US Energy Information Agency.“It looks like ice crystals,but you see the methane molecules ar
31、e caged in by the water molecules,” said Associate Professor Praveen Linga from the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at the National University of Singapore.In spite of the low temperature,the hydrates are easily flammable,as the gas trapped in the ice catches fire once you bring
32、it to a flame.The discovery is Chinas first success in the mining of “flammable ice” following almost twenty years of research and exploration,according to the ministry.The miners managed to extract a daily average of 16,000 cubic metres of gas with high purity from the mining site.The natural gas h
33、ydrate is believed to be the best replacement for natural gas and oil.Moreover,fire ice is environmentally safe and in large reserves,according to the head of the China Geological Survey Bureau,Zhong Ziran.“Many countries along the Maritime Silk Road have a demand for flammable ice mining.With the a
34、dvanced technology we could help solve the energy resources problem and boost (促进) economic development and exchanges between countries,” said Qiu Haijun,director of the trial mining head-quarters,as cited by The Economic Times.12.What is Jiang Damings attitude toward Chinas extracting “flammable ic
35、e”?A.Neural.B.Positive.C.Indifferent.D.Uncertain.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“.a major breakthrough that may lead to a global energy revolution, said Chinas Minister of Land and Resources,Jiang Daming.”可知,Jiang Daming对中国提取可燃冰持肯定的态度。故选B项。13.“Flammable ice” only exists in conditions where .A.the water could be
36、frozenB.the natural gas or oil is producedC.the temperatures are low and the pressure is highD.there is a sea with warm climate like the South China Sea答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It can exist only in conditions of very low temperatures and high pressure.”可知,可燃冰只在低温高压的条件下才能存在。故选C项。14.It can be concluded from
37、 paragraph 4 that.A.it took China great efforts to discover and extract “flammable ice”B.the mining site of the “flammable ice” is cleanC.16,000 cubic metres of gas could be extracted at most every dayD.it is easy for China to mine “flammable ice” successfully答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“following almost twen
38、ty years of research and exploration”可以推断出,中国在发现和开采可燃冰的过程中付出了很大的努力。故选A项。15.What is the significance of the Chinese major breakthrough of “flammable ice”?A.It is the most important mining discovery in history.B.The mining site will attract many tourists.C.Many countries along the Maritime Silk Road s
39、upport it.D.It may lead to a global energy revolution as an alternative fuel.答案D解析主旨大意题。本文主要报道了中国在南海连续试采可燃冰中所取得的突破,并预言这一突破可能会引发全球性的能源革命。这一重大突破的重要性在于可燃冰作为一种可替代能源可能会引发全球性的能源革命。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whether its one day off or a week,you dont need to be
40、surrounded by people to have a great holiday.16.You can spend your holiday on your own doing something you never have time to do in your everyday life.17Dont feel like you have to stay in your house because youre spending your holiday alone.Going shopping is a good choice.Even if you dont want to sp
41、end a lot of money,you can take your time perusing stores,and treat yourself to something small that youve been wanting.Going to see a movie or show alone can be also a fun experience.Be productive18.Your project might be anything from weeding your garden or organising a messy closet.While you work
42、on your project you can make it fun.You can keep snacks around or listen to some music.Read a bookSetting aside long periods of time to read can help you get around to finishing that book youve been wanting to read and feel a sense of achievement.19.Its still a relaxing activity,but you wont feel li
43、ke a zombie(僵尸) in front of your computer or television.Do some exerciseExercise has many long-term benefits,and it can improve relaxation afterwards.Set aside thirty minutes or an hour to do a cardio workout(有氧运动).Holiday is a great time to exercise because you wont be rushed or feel like you need
44、to be somewhere else.20.A.Go out and do somethingB.Make a schedule for your own holidayC.Being alone can also be relaxing and enjoyableD.Reading can also help you free from technologyE.It really makes sense to read a book alone on your holidayF.A holiday can be a great time to get around to your hom
45、e projectG.Youll feel better and fresher after you are wet with sweat答案16.C17.A18.F19.D20.G第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。My dad was a farmer.He never regarded anyone as a 21.He could really talk to any person,and his favourite thing to do was to 22
46、their income.Once we were at Chicagos OHare Airport,and my dad was sitting with me as I was waiting for my 23.A Russian woman who could not speak a word of English sat next to my dad,but that did not 24 him.At last,he found out her business,how many children she had and of course how much she made.I
47、 was a shy person and used to be somewhat25 by this.My mum was a very 26 person as well,so she was 27 by this too.But my mum told me a story about how she was in the doctors office with dad and 28 he was his usual self-talking to others all the time in the waiting room.My dad even started talking to
48、 a young man in a wheel chair who could neither 29 nor move his arms or head.He 30 could do nothing.But my dad still kept asking him questions and finally got the young man to smile in 31.And he carried on like that with the 32 man until he was called back to the doctors office.Then the father of the young man came over,33 my dads hand and said,“Thank you for 34 to my son,most people just turn away when they see him.” Hearing that,I realis