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1、第三单元过关检测(A卷)(时间:90分钟满分:120分)第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AI took a trip to Antarctica in December.My favourite moment in Antarctica was the one I enjoyed in Wilhelmina Bay.Wilhelmina Bay was extremely large in size.But after we got into our kayaks (皮艇),w
2、e realised what made this part of Antarctica special at least on the day of our visit.Kayak cruises are like adventures,if theres a good wildlife sighting around,the driver radios the other boats and tells them to come and see it.Throughout Antarctica you would see the kayaks gather in the same plac
3、e to watch a whale,or a group of seals,or some cartoon-like Adelie penguins.But in Wilhelmina Bay,it seemed like every kayak had its own group of whales to watch.They were everywhere!We had plenty of them getting close to us.Then one got a little too close.All of a sudden,it rose in front of our kay
4、aks.This wasnt the “logging” where they gently rise and fallthis whale knew exactly what he was doing.We were shocked.It was so close.Was it going to fall on us?It happened so quickly that I didnt get a chance to take a photo.Thankfully there were some kayaks on the other side,getting shots of what
5、we later called “the moment the drysuits became not so dry”.“Im always surprised at what we see,but Im not often impressed,” our kayaking guide Michael told us.“The only thing better than that would have been,like,if a killer whale jumped out of the water right over the kayaks.”1.What makes the visi
6、t in Wilhelmina Bay special?A.The large size of the Bay.B.The thrilling whale-watching.C.The wildlife sighting around.D.The adventurous kayak cruises.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But in Wilhelmina Bay,it seemed like every kayak had its own group of whales to watch.They were everywhere!”可知,威廉敏纳湾之行的特别之处在于有令人兴奋的
7、观赏鲸鱼。故选B项。2.How did “this whale” in paragraph 4 impress the writer?A.It jumped out of the water right over the kayaks.B.It rose ahead so suddenly that no picture was taken.C.It jumped so close to the kayaks that visitors got wet.D.It floated like a log in the water,gently rising and falling.答案C解析细节理
8、解题。根据第四段中的“Then one got a little too close.All of a sudden,it rose in front of our kayaks.This wasnt the logging where they gently rise and fall this whale knew exactly what he was doing.”和倒数第二段中的“It happened so quickly that I didnt get a chance to take a photo.Thankfully there were some kayaks on t
9、he other side,getting shots of what we later called the moment the drysuits became not so dry.”可知,第四段中的“这头鲸鱼”跳得离皮划艇太近了,游客们都湿透了。故选C项。3.What is the text mainly about?A.The greatest show on the earth.B.Amazing adventures in Antarctica.C.The wildlife in Wilhelmina Bay.D.An unforgettable experience in An
10、tarctica.答案D解析主旨大意题。根据第一段内容和下文关于作者在威廉敏纳湾皮划艇上与虎鲸嬉戏的经历可知,本文主要讲作者在南极洲的难忘经历。故选D项。BThis new packaging material looks like conventional plastic,but its actually made from fish waste and algae(海藻)and unlike plastic,if it escapes into the ocean,a fish could likely eat it safely.The material,called Marina Te
11、x,is the winner of this years James Dyson Award.“It began with my desire to work with waste,” says Lucy Hughes,a recent graduate from University of Sussex,who once visited a fish processing factory to see the massive quantity of waste generated by the industry and find new ways to use it.She focused
12、 on fish skins and scales (鳞片).“When I had it in my hands,I realised this has got potential,”she says.Its super strong and flexible.Hughes spent months experimenting with fish waste in her kitchen,running more than 100 experiments to find a binder and a process that could hold together the proteins
13、in the fish skins and scales.“I had a lot of failed attemptsa lot of things either were too easily broken or too soft or easily went bad,” she says.She finally landed on a type of algae that can be locally got.The material can be used to replace oil-based plastic in packaging such as bags or the hal
14、f transparent windows used to show products in boxes.As her research continues,Hughes says that shell be studying how Marina Tex works and how long it could be used to store food.Unlike some “compostable” plastic which needs to be processed in an industrial composting facility to break down,the new
15、material can break down in four to six weeks in a backyard compost bin.“All the ingredients are food-grade safe,”Hughes says.“So,this breaks down much like a piece of food would break down.”4.Why did Hughes develop Marina Tex?A.She wanted to look for a new plastic.B.She would like fish to eat it saf
16、ely.C.She wanted to win James Dyson Award.D.She wanted to make use of fish skins and scales.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It began with my desire to work with waste, says Lucy Hughes,a recent graduate from University of Sussex,who once visited a fish processing factory to see the massive quantity of waste gene
17、rated by the industry and find new ways to use it.She focused on fish skins and scales.”可知,Hughes 开发Marina Tex 是为了利用鱼鳞和鱼皮。故选D项。5.What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?A.The fish processing factory.B.The fish waste.C.Fish scales.D.Fish skins.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“She focused on fish
18、 skins and scales.When I had it in my hands,I realised this has got potential,she says.Its super strong and flexible.Hughes spent months experimenting with fish waste in her kitchen.”推测,画线的it指代鱼的废料。故选B项。6.What is the main advantage of Marina Tex compared with conventional plastic?A.It is stronger an
19、d more flexible.B.It can be used as plastic bags.C.It has the nutritional value for fish.D.It can break down very easily and quickly.答案D解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Unlike some compostable plastic which needs to be processed in an industrial composting facility to break down,the new material can break down in f
20、our to six weeks in a backyard compost bin.”可知,和传统材料相比,这种新材料的分解更快、更容易。故选D项。7.Which one is the best title for the passage?A.Working with WasteB.Developing New IdeasC.Making Bags from Fish WasteD.Getting Rid of Plastic Pollution答案C解析标题归纳题。根据文章的主要内容,尤其是根据第一段中的“This new packaging material looks like con
21、ventional plastic,but its actually made from fish waste and algae.”可知,本文主要介绍了一种用鱼的废料做成的包装材料,以及它更快、更容易分解的特点。故选C项。C(2020全国卷)We are the products of evolution,and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago.As scientists look deeper into our genes(基因),they are finding examples of human evolut
22、ion in just the past few thousand years.People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes.Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.On Thursday in an article published in Cell,a team of researchers r
23、eported a new kind of adaptationnot to air or to food,but to the ocean.A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers.The Bajau,as these people are known,number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia,Malaysia and the Philippines.They have traditionally lived on h
24、ouseboats;in recent times,theyve also built houses on stilts(支柱) in coastal waters.“They are simply a stranger to the land,”said Rodney C.Jubilado,a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines.They made a
25、living as divers,spearfishing or harvesting shellfish.“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders,”Dr. Jubilado said.“I could see them actually walking under the sea.”In 2015,Melissa Ilardo,then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen
26、,heard about the Bajau.She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them.“It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population,”said Dr. Ilardo.She also said there were likely a number of other
27、 genes that help the Bajau dive.8.What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?A.Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.B.New knowledge of human evolution.C.Recent findings of human origin.D.Significance of food selection.答案B解析推理判断题。第一段讲到人类是进化的产物。不过随着科学家对基因的深入研究,他们发现了人类在过去
28、几千年里进化的例子。据此可知,这里是要介绍关于人类进化的新知识。故选B项。9.Where do the Bajau build their houses?A.In valleys.B.Near rivers.C.On the beach.D.Off the coast.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times,theyve also built houses on stilts in coastal waters.”可知,传统上,巴夭人住在船屋上;不过最近他们还在沿海水域的支柱
29、上建造了房屋。故选D项。10.Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?A.They could walk on stilts all day.B.They had a superb way of fishing.C.They could stay long underwater.D.They lived on both land and water.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local
30、 islanders可知,令Jubilado感到惊讶的是,巴夭人居然在水下停留的时间比当地岛民还要长。故选C项。11.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Bodies Remodeled for a Life at SeaB.Highlanders Survival SkillsC.Basic Methods of Genetic ResearchD.The Worlds Best Divers答案A解析标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了居住在海上的巴夭人由于生活环境特殊而进化,故A项“为(适应)海上生活而重新塑造的躯体”适合做标题。DAlmost
31、everyone has heard the expression,“the calm before the storm”.It is usually used to describe a peaceful period just before a very stressful situation or a tense argument.British sailors coined the phrase in the late 1600s.They noted that before certain storms the seas would seem to become static(平静的
32、) and the winds would drop.But why is it often so calm before a storm?A calm period occurs because many storms,tornadoes and hurricanes draw in all the warm and wet air from the surrounding area.As the air rises into the storm clouds,it cools and acts as “fuel for the storm,like petrol in a car”.Onc
33、e the storm has taken all the energy it can from the air,it is pushed out from the top of the storm clouds and falls back down to ground level.As the air goes down,it becomes warm and dry.Warm and dry air is stable,so once it covers an area,it causes a calm period before the storm.This same process
34、also causes the “eye of the storm” in hurricanes and tornadoes.In these conditions,the calm occurs in the centre of the storm because of the strong circling winds.The Weather Network has a tip for working out how far away a storm is.First count how many seconds there are between a flash of lightning
35、 and a clap of thunder,roughly three seconds equal one kilometre.So,for example,if you count nine seconds,the storm is about three kilometres away.A good judge is that if your count is below 30 seconds,you should seek shelter straight away.However,due to the complexity of storm system,not all storms
36、 are proceeded (领先) by calm.Given the right conditions,some storms announce themselves with heavy rain and icy winds.So,your best bet is to keep yourself updated with weather reports for any predictions regarding a coming storm in your area.Thats the most reliable and sensible way to predict the nex
37、t display of natures temper.12.What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?A.How a storm comes into being.B.Why research is done on storm clouds.C.Why a peaceful period occurs before a storm.D.How dangerous a storm can be in certain situations.答案C解析主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“A calm period occurs because many st
38、orms,tornadoes and hurricanes draw in all the warm and wet air from the surrounding area.”以及下文可知,第三段主要告诉我们为什么暴风雨前会有一段平静的时期。故选C项。13.How far away is the storm if you count 18 seconds between a lightning flash and a thunder clap?A.Three kilometres.B.Four kilometres.C.Five kilometres.D.Six kilometres.答案
39、D解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The Weather Network has a tip for working out how far away a storm is.First count how many seconds there are between a flash of lightning and a clap of thunder,roughly three seconds equal one kilometre.”可知,三秒等于一公里,则18秒等于6公里。故选D项。14.What can we learn from the text?A.Storms have a b
40、ig influence on life.B.It is not always quiet before a storm.C.Weather reports may fail to predict a storm.D.Heavy storms dont usually last for a long time.答案B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“However,due to the complexity of storm system,not all storms are proceeded by calm.”可知,暴风雨前并非总是宁静的。故选B项。15.Where is the text
41、 probably taken from?A.A science report.B.A weather report.C.A touring guide.D.An advertisement.答案A解析推理判断题。根据文章主要内容为解释说明暴风雨来临前的宁静的原因,以及如何计算风暴距离可推测文章选自一份科学报告。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Four reasons why you should move to a big cityWeve all had the dream.We
42、ve needed a fresh start.While it may not be the best idea to jump into the car with nothing more than a suitcase,the experience of staying in an entirely new setting can teach you lessons youd never learn any other way.16,a major city will challenge you in ways that you didnt know were possible.Here
43、 are four reasons why you should move to a city at least once in your life.Find yourselfWhen youre in a major city,youre not going to run into the same people everyday unless you plan on it.Nobody will bring up that time you tripped on your way into the post office.17.Grow up fastNothing forces you
44、to grow up fast quite like living in a big city.Even with so many people around,there will be moments when you feel so lonely.But you will get hard-earned success and satisfaction.18.Your view of life becomes challenge-welcoming instead of fearful.OpportunityEveryone focuses on the competitive natur
45、e of big cities,but there are also opportunities that you never would have access to in a small town.19.And when you have passion fueling you,your attitude to work will become untouchable.Broaden your horizonsIf there are many foreigners in your town,it may be time to open yourself up to more langua
46、ges,cultures,and food.And youll be in a place with access to so many different ideas and values.20.A.You can leave your past where it belongsB.When everyday tasks become challengingC.More people,more professions,more businessesD.It will expand your knowledge and understandingE.Moving to a major city
47、 helps you achieve success rapidlyF.While moving to the next small town may not expand your worldviewG.You made it through with nothing but yourself,your voice,and your determination答案16.F17.A18.G19.C20.D第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Many children l
48、ove to play with snow in winter.But Long Chuan has come to hate it.This year his hometown 21 from snowstorms for nearly a month.The heavy snow stopped cars and trains,broke the electricity tower and turned tap water to ice.Every day Long Chuan had to walk several 22 to carry drinking water.“I couldnt ride a bike and it 23 me 3 hours to walk to school.I cant remember how many times I 24 on the hard ice,”said Long Chuan.Long is not 25.This year millions of people in central an