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1、www.XiYuS锡育软件For as long as I can remember,I have felt a very deepconnection to animals and to the ocean.印象中,我一直觉得自己与动物和海洋 有着千丝万缕的联系。00:12And at this age,my personal idol was Flipper the dolphin.在我这般大的时候,我的偶像 便是海豚Flipper。(译者注:Flipper是六十年代美国电视节目Flipper中主演的海豚的名字。)00:19And when I first learned about en
2、dangered species,I wastruly distressed to know that everyday animals were beingwiped off the face of this Earth forever.而当我开始了解濒危物种时,我真正沉痛地意识到每一天都有一些动物被逼上绝路,永远地与地球告别了。00:25And I wanted to do something to help,but I alwayswondered,what could one person possibly do to make adifference?于是我就想尽一份力量来改善这种状
3、况,但又时常疑虑,单凭一个人的力量又能改变什么呢？00:35And it would be 30 years,but I would eventually get theanswer to that question.这个问题萦绕了我30年,但最终我还是找到了答案。00:42When these heartbreaking images of oiled birds finallybegan to emerge from the Gulf of Mexico last year duringthe horrific BP oil spill,a German biologist by the
4、name ofSilvia Gaus was quoted as saying,We should just euthanizeall oiled birds because studies have shown that fewer thanone percent of them survive after being released.这张图片中的鸟儿泡在油污中,惨不忍睹 在去年墨西哥海湾那场可怕的英国石油公司(BP)漏油事件之后,这批图片最终被曝光,当时一位名叫希尔维亚?高斯(Silvia Gaus)的德国生物学家 这样说“我们应当为所有这些沾染油污的鸟儿施以安乐死,因为有研究表明 它们
5、中只有不到百分之一的幸运儿 能在正常治疗后存活下来。”00:48idol:n.偶像,崇拜物;幻象;谬论 Flipper:n.鳍状肢;鳍;烤饼;胖听罐头/vi.靠鳍足(或鸭甲板)行动/adj.无礼的 endangered:adj.濒临灭绝的;有生命危险的 distressed:adj.痛苦的;忧虑的;贫困的;受损的/v.使痛苦;使紧张;使困苦(distress的过去分词)makea difference:有影响,有关系 heartbreaking:adj.悲伤或失望到难忍程度的;令人悲伤的/v.使心碎(heartbreak的ing形式)oiled:adj.涂油的;用油防水的;喝醉的 Gulf:n
6、.海湾；深渊；分歧；漩涡/vt.吞没 horrific:adj.可怕的;令人毛骨悚然的biologist:n.生物学家 by the name of:名叫;以的名义 quoted:v.引证(quote的过去式)euthanize:vt.使安乐死;对施无痛致死术(等于euthanatize)And I could not disagree more.而我则不敢苟同这一观点。01:09And in addition,I believe that every oiled animal deserves asecond chance at life.此外,我认为每一个被油渍侵染的动物 都理应获得重生的
7、机会。01:12And I want to tell you why I feel so strongly about this.现在就让我来告诉你们 为何我对此深信不疑。01:17On June 23rd,2000,a ship named the Treasure sank off thecoast of Capetown,South Africa,spilling 1,300 tons of fuel,which polluted the habitats of nearly half the entire worldpopulation of African penguins.2000
8、年6月23日 一艘名为“宝藏(Treasure)”号的油轮 在南非开普敦(Capetown)海岸线附近沉没,造成1300吨燃油外泄,从而导致全世界近乎一半的非洲企鹅的栖息地 遭到污染。01:21Now the ship sank between Robben Island to the south andDassen Island to the north.目前这艘沉没的油轮夹在南部的罗本岛(RobbenIsland)与北部的达森岛(Dassen Island)之间。01:37And these are two of the penguins main breeding islands.而这两
9、个岛正是企鹅们繁衍生息的主要据点。01:42And exactly six years and three days earlier on June 20th,1994,a ship named the Apollo Sea sank near Dassen Island,oiling 10,000 penguins-half of which died.而就在据事故发生六年零三天前的一天 也就是1994年6月20日,一艘名为“阿波罗海(ApolloSea)”的油轮在达森岛(Dassen Island)附近沉没,致使一万只企鹅受到油污染 其中半数的企鹅死亡。01:45Now when the
10、Treasure sank in 2000,it was the height of thebest breeding season scientists had ever recorded for theAfrican penguin-which at the time,was listed as athreatened species.而当2000年“宝藏(Treasure)”号发生沉船事故时,正值有史以来科学家所记录的 南非企鹅繁殖最旺盛的一个时期 而南非企鹅在当时已经被列入濒危物种的名单。01:59sank:vt.沉陷(sink的过去式)/vi.沉陷(sink的过去式)spilling
11、:v.溢漏,泄漏(spill的现在分词);跌下/n.溢出物;散落 polluted:adj.受污染的;被玷污的/v.污染(pollute的过去式和过去分词)habitats:n.生态栖息地;(动植物的)经产地(habitat的复数形式)breeding:n.繁殖;饲养;教养;再生/v.生产;培育;使繁殖(breed的ing形式)Apollo:n.阿波罗(太阳神);美男子 oiling:n.润滑油;加油法And soon,nearly 20,000 penguins were covered with thistoxic oil.很快的,将近两万只企鹅 被有毒的油污浸染。02:10TED演讲者：
12、Dyan deNapoli|黛安?德娜珀丽演讲标题：Dyan deNapoli:The great penguin rescue|企鹅大救援内容概要：Call her the Penguin Lady.Dyan deNapoli educates the world about thesefascinating birds.这是一次个人经历，亦是一个团体取得的胜利:黛安?德娜珀丽给我们带来一个世界上最大规模的志愿者拯救动物的故事，这次行动挽救了四万多只被南非海岸泄漏的石油累及生命的企鹅。而这样浩大的工程志愿者们是如何完成的呢?那只有一只、一只、一只企鹅地拯救And the local seab
13、ird rescue center,named SANCCOB,immediately launched a massive rescue operation-and thissoon would become the largest animal rescue everundertaken.于是当地的海鸟救援中心,即南非滨海鸟类保育基金会(SANCCOB),迅速发动了一场浩大的救援行动 而不久后这场行动就演变成 一场空前壮大的动物拯救行动。02:16Now at the time,I was working down the street.那个时候,我在陆地下面工作02:27I was a
14、penguin aquarist at the New England Aquarium.当时我是新英格兰水族馆企鹅馆的管理员。02:29And exactly 11 years ago yesterday,the phone rang in thepenguin office.然后就在11年前的昨天,一个电话打进我办公室。02:32And with that call,my life would change forever.而正是那个电话,改变了我的生活轨迹。02:38It was a Estelle van der Meer calling from SANCCOB,saying,Ple
15、ase come help.那是来自南非滨海鸟类保育基金会的埃斯特尔?范?德?米尔(Estelle van der Meer)打来的电话,电话里,他说“请来帮帮忙。02:41We have thousands of oiled penguins and thousands ofwilling,but completely inexperienced,volunteers.我们这儿有上千只被油污浸染的企鹅 和数千名兴致勃勃,却毫无企鹅救助经验的志愿者。02:46And we need penguin experts to come train and supervisethem.因此我们急需这方
16、面的专家来为志愿者们作培训指导。”02:54So two days later,I was on a plane headed for Capetown witha team of penguin specialists.就这样两天后,我便与一行企鹅专家 坐上了前往开普敦(Capetown)的飞机。02:57toxic:adj.有毒的；中毒的 seabird:n.鸟海鸟(如海鸥,等于seafowl)Aquarium:n.水族馆;养鱼池;玻璃缸 rang:v.包围;成环形(ring的过去式)inexperienced:adj.无经验的;不熟练的 supervise:vt.监督,管理;指导/vi.
17、监督,管理;指导 specialists:n.专家(specialist的复数);专科医生;特种经纪人And the scene inside of this building was devastating andsurreal.而当时救援所内的场景 简直不堪入目。03:04In fact,many people compared it to a war zone.事实上,很多人把它比作战区现场。03:09And last week,a 10 year-old girl asked me,What did it feellike when you first walked into that
18、 building and saw somany oiled penguins?上星期,一个十岁的小女孩问我,“当你一开始踏入那屋子 看到那么多被污染的企鹅 是怎样的一种感觉？”03:12And this is what happened.她这么一问,接着就发生了下面的一切。03:23I was instantly transported back to that moment in time.刹那间我仿佛又回到了 一开始踏入那屋子的那一刻。03:25Penguins are very vocal birds and really,really noisy.企鹅按理说是很喜欢叫喊的 而且的确叫
19、起来会非常、非常吵。03:29And so I expected to walk into this building and be met withthis cacophony of honking and braying and squawking,but instead,when we stepped through those doors and intothe building,it was eerily silent.所以当时在进入屋子之前 我是做好了心理准备 来面对那些刺耳尖叫的,但出乎意料的是,当我们穿过重重大门,最终进入抢救室时,迎接我们的是一片死寂。03:33So it w
20、as very clear these were stressed,sick,traumatizedbirds.据此也可以看出 眼前的这些鸟儿还惊魂未定,惶恐而虚弱。03:49devastating:adj.毁灭性的；全然的/v.摧毁(devastate的ing形式)；毁坏 surreal:adj.超现实主义的;离奇的;不真实的transported:v.植运输;搬运(transport的过去式)cacophony:n.刺耳的音调;不和谐音 honking:n.发情叫声;发出响号/v.按汽车喇叭(honk的ing形式)braying:n.叫声;洗泥/v.驴叫;发出刺耳的尖声;粗声粗气地说出;捣
21、碎(bray的ing形式)squawking:vi.抗议;发出响而粗的叫声;大声抱怨/n.抗议;叫声;诉苦;故障/vt.粗声叫出;诉苦 stepped:v.踏;行走(step的过去式和过去分词)eerily:adj.怪诞的;奇异的;可怕的 traumatized:adj.心理受到创伤的/v.使受创伤(traumatize的过去式和过去分词)The other thing that was so striking was the sheer number ofvolunteers.另外一件令我震撼的事,便是那庞大的志愿者队伍。03:54Up to 1,000 people a day came
22、to the rescue center.每天有多达1000位朋友 来到救助中心。03:59And eventually,over the course of this rescue,more than 12and a half thousand volunteers came from all over the worldto Capetown to help save these birds.最终,在整个救助过程中,有12500多名来自世界各地的志愿者 参与了此次开普敦(Capetown)的 企鹅救援行动。04:03And the amazing thing was that not on
23、e of them had to bethere-yet they were.而最令人感动的是 他们中没有一个人有义务呆在那儿 但他们却做到了。04:13So for the few of us that were there in a professional capacity,this extraordinary volunteer response to this animal crisis wasprofoundly moving and awe-inspiring.因此对于我们中一部分被职业所趋而至的人来说,志愿者们对于这次动物危机救援 所报以的强烈回应 着实叫人动容,令我们肃然起敬
24、。04:19So the day after we arrived,two of us from the aquariumwere put in charge of room two.在我们抵达救援中心的第二天,专家中来自水族馆的俩人即被安排负责二号房。04:29And room two had more than 4,000 oiled penguins in it.二号房有四千多只企鹅亟待抢救。04:34Now mind you,three days earlier,we had 60 penguins underour care.可你要知道,就在三天前,我们还仅有60只企鹅需要照顾。04
25、:38So we were definitely overwhelmed and just a bit terrified-at least I was.所以我们当时就傻眼了 甚至还有点畏惧 至少我是如此。04:42profoundly:adv.深刻地;深深地;极度地 awe-inspiring:adj.使人敬畏的;令人惊叹的 in charge of:负责;主管overwhelmed:v.受打击,压倒(overwhelm的过去式);淹没/adj.受宠若惊的,使不知所措Personally,I really didnt know if I was capable of handlingsuch
26、 a monstrous task.就个人而言,我真不知道 自己能否驾驭 如此之大的局面。04:47And collectively,we really didnt know if we could pull thisoff.而对于大家来说,我们对于能否达成目标也没底儿。04:53Because all knew that just six years earlier,half as manypenguins had been oiled and rescued and only half of themhad survived.因为我们都清楚,就在六年前,有两千来只企鹅被污染并于之后得到了救
27、助 但最后也只有半数的企鹅得以存活。04:58So would it be humanly possible to save this many oiledpenguins?因此人类是否有能力救援 这么多被污染的企鹅呢？05:07We just did not know.我们也不知道。05:11But what gave us hope were these incredibly dedicated andbrave volunteers-three of whom here are force-feedingpenguins.这个时候给我们带来希望的 是那些无比专注和万分勇敢的志愿者们 照片
28、中有三个志愿者正在给企鹅进行灌食。05:13And you may notice theyre wearing very thick gloves.大家可能已经注意到他们都戴着厚厚的手套。05:22And what you should know about African penguins is thatthey have razor-sharp beaks.在这里我要告诉大家的是 非洲企鹅有着如刀片般锋利的喙。05:24And before long,our bodies were covered head to toe withthese nasty wounds inflicted b
29、y the terrified penguins.与之相处,要不了多久 我们全身都会留下 被那些惊慌失措的企鹅 啄后留下的骇人疤痕。05:29monstrous:adj.巨大的;怪异的;荒谬的;畸形的 collectively:adv.共同地,全体地 rescued:救援 humanly:adv.以人力;像人地;在人力所能及的范围 force-feeding:vt.强喂饲料;强使进食 razor-sharp:adj.锋利的;犀利的 beaks:n.鸟鸟嘴(beak的复数形式)before long:不久以后 toe:n.脚趾;足尖/vt.用脚尖走;以趾踏触/vi.动脚尖;用足尖跳舞 infli
30、cted:把强加给/使承受(inflict的过去式和过去分词)www.XiYuS锡育软件Now the day after we arrived,a new crisis began to unfold.也就是在我们抵达的第二天,一个新的危机出现了。05:37The oil slick was now moving north towards Dassen Island,and the rescuers despaired,because they knew if the oil hit,it would not be possible to rescue any more oiled bir
31、ds.泄漏的油开始向北部的达森岛(Dassen Island)漂移,当时救援者们都快绝望了,因为他们知道一旦那些油漂到达森岛,新被污染的企鹅将得不到及时的救助。05:41And there really were no good solutions.当时我们真有点黔驴技穷的感觉。05:52But then finally,one of the researchers threw out this crazyidea.但后来,一个研究员提出了一个大胆的想法。05:54他说:“既然如此,我们何不尝试将面临高危污染 的企鹅都收集到一块儿来”后来他们收集到两万只 “然后我们再用敞篷卡车将他们运送至50
32、0英里开外的伊利莎白港口(Port Elizabeth)在那里,我们把它们放入干净的水域 让它们自己游回家。”05:58(Laughter)So three of those penguins-Peter,Pamela andPercy-wore satellite tags.(笑)这批企鹅中的三只 彼得,帕米拉和普希 身上带有卫星标签。06:16And the researchers crossed their fingers and hoped that bythe time they got back home,the oil would be cleaned upfrom their
33、island.研究员们合手为它们祈祷 愿它们回到家的时候,泄漏的油污已经被清理干净。06:24And luckily,the day they arrived,it was.幸运的是,当企鹅们回到家时,油污真的被清理干净了。06:30So it had been a huge gamble,but it had paid off.那确实是很大一博,但他们赌赢了。06:34And so they know now that they can use this strategy infuture oil spills.那么现在他们就知道了 今后一旦遭遇油污染 他们就可以采取这一招来对付。06:37
34、unfold:vt.打开;呈现/vi.展开;显露 slick:adj.光滑的;熟练的;老套的/n.机平滑器;机修光工具;通俗杂志/adv.灵活地;聪明地/vt.使光滑;使漂亮/vi.打扮整洁 despaired:n.绝望;令人绝望的人或事/vi.绝望,丧失信心 no good:很糟,没有用 tags:n.标签;(机动车)牌照;称呼(tag的复数)/v.附加;加标签于;给起绰号(tag的单三形式)gamble:vi.赌博;孤注一掷;投机;打赌/vt.赌博;孤注一掷;冒险假设/n.赌博;冒险;打赌 spills:n.漏损,溢出(spill的复数)/v.使溅出(spill的三单形式)So in wi
35、ldlife rescue,as in life,we learn from each previousexperience,and we learn from both our successes and ourfailures.所以在野生动物救援中,如同在生活中一样,我们从每一次经验中汲取知识,从每一次成功和失败中 获得经验。06:43And the main thing learned during the Apollo Sea rescue in94 was that most of those penguins had died due to theunwitting use of
36、poorly ventilated transport boxes andtrucks-because they just had not been prepared to dealwith so many oiled penguins at once.而94年的阿波罗海(Apollo Sea)救援事件 教给我们的 则是 通气性差的运输箱和卡车 将会导致 企鹅的大量死亡 因为当时救援队的条件 不足以同时应付那么多企鹅。06:52So in these six years between these two oil spills,they built因此在这两次漏油事件相隔的六年间,救援队制造S
37、o in these six years between these two oil spills,they builtthousands of these well-ventilated boxes.了上千个这样通气良好的箱子。07:09And as a result,during the Treasure rescue,just 160 penguinsdied during the transport process,as opposed to 5,000.从而在这次的 宝藏(Treasure)号事故中,只有160只企鹅 在运输途中夭折,而六年前这个数字是5000.07:15So thi
38、s alone was a huge victory.所以单从这一点来看,此次的救援已是绝大的胜利。07:25Something else learned during the Apollo rescue was how totrain the penguins how to take fish freely from their hands,using these training boxes.此外,阿波罗海(Apollo rescue)的救援还教会我们如何凭借这些训练箱 来训练企鹅们 用手抓鱼。07:27And we used this technique again during the
39、 Treasurerescue.于是这次在“宝藏(Treasure)”号救援中 我们又使用了这项技术。07:36But an interesting thing was noted during the trainingprocess.在训练过程中有一件趣事 值得一提。07:40unwitting:adj.不知情的;不知不觉的,无意的/v.使精神错乱;使丧失智能(unwit的ing形式)ventilated:adj.通风的/v.发表;使通风(ventilate的过去分词)opposed:adj.相反的;敌对的/v.反对(oppose的过去分词);使对立The first penguins to
40、 make that transition to free feedingwere the ones that had a metal band on their wing from theApollo Sea spill six years earlier.最早学会自己取食的 那批企鹅 正是翅膀上戴有金属条,经历过六年前阿波罗海 漏油事件获得救助的幸存者。07:44So penguins learn from previous experience too.由此看来 企鹅也从先前的经验中学到了东西。07:54So all of those penguins had to have the o
41、il meticulouslycleaned from their bodies.救援人员必须小心翼翼地 将所有企鹅身上的油污清洗干净。07:58And it would take two people at least an hour just to cleanone penguin.而清洗一只企鹅需要俩人协助 至少得花上一个小时。08:03And when you clean a penguin,you first have to spray it witha degreaser.而当你洗净一只企鹅后,还得马上给它喷洒脱脂剂。08:08And this brings me to my fa
42、vorite story from the Treasurerescue.而这也是在整个“宝藏(Treasure)”号救援行动中我最津津乐道的一段故事。08:12About a year prior to this oil spill,a 17 year-old student hadinvented a degreaser.在这次泄油事件发生约一年前,一名17岁的学生 发明了一种脱脂剂。08:16And theyd been using it at SANCCOB with great success,sothey began using it during the Treasure res
43、cue.并且在南非滨海鸟类保育基金会(SANCCOB)试用后获得了巨大成功,所以这次“宝藏号”事件中救援人员也用那种脱脂剂。08:22But part way through,they ran out.但不一会儿,脱脂剂就用完了。08:28So in a panic,Estelle from SANCCOB called the student andsaid,Please,you have to make more.情急之下,保育基金会的埃斯特尔(Estelle)给那个学生打电话 求助道:“不得不拜托你再造些脱脂剂。”08:31So he raced to the lab and made
44、enough to clean the rest ofthe birds.然后那个学生就赶到实验室 造了足够多的脱脂剂来清理余下的企鹅。08:36meticulously:adv.细致地;一丝不苟地;拘泥地 prior to:在之前;居先 raced:n.属,种;种族,人种;家庭,门弟/vt.使参加比赛;和竞赛;使急走,使全速行进/vi.比速度,参加竞赛;全速行进So I just think it is the coolest thing that a teenager inventeda product that helped save the lives of thousands of
45、animals.于是我就想,一个少年 竟发明了一种产品 拯救了千万条动物的生命 这未免也太酷了。08:41So what happened to those 20,000 oiled penguins?那么那两万只企鹅究竟怎样了呢？08:51And was Silvia Gaus right?希尔维亚?高斯(Silvia Gaus)的理论是否正确呢？08:54Should we routinely euthanize all oiled birds because mostof them are going to die anyway?我们是否应该以“反正它们终归会死的”为借口而施以所有这些被
46、油污染的企鹅安乐死呢？08:56Well she could not be more wrong.事实证明维亚的判断大错特错。09:02After half a million hours of grueling volunteer labor,morethan 90 percent of those oiled penguins were successfullyreturned to the wild.在50万个小时 艰辛的救援工作之后,超过90%的被污染企鹅 顺利返回家园。09:05And we know from follow-up studies that they have liv
47、edjust as long as never-oiled penguins,and bred nearly assuccessfully.并且通过我们后续的跟踪调查 这批企鹅活得与那些 未被污染的企鹅一般好,其繁殖也几乎与那些同胞一样顺利。09:15And in addition,about 3,000 penguin chicks were rescuedand hand-raised.此外,有大约3000只企鹅崽崽 获救后由工作人员抚养长大。09:24And again,we know from long-term monitoring that moreof these hand-ra
48、ised chicks survive to adulthood andbreeding age than do parent-raised chicks.并且,我们通过长期追踪监测 发现比起那些企鹅自己抚养的孩子来说 这些人工饲养的企鹅 更多的活至成年期和繁殖期。09:29routinely:adv.例行公事地;老一套地 grueling:n.惩罚;劳累/adj.累垮人的;折磨人的/v.使极度疲劳;累垮(gruel的ing形式)know from:区别于 follow-up:adj.后续的;增补的/n.随访;跟进;后续行动 bred:breed的过去式和过去分词 long-term:adj.
49、长期的/从长远来看 monitoring:n.监视,自监控;检验,检查/v.监视,通信军监听,监督(monitor的ing形式)adulthood:n.成年;成人期So,armed with this knowledge,SANCCOB has a chickbolstering project.因此,有了这个信息作支撑 南非滨海鸟类保育基金会(SANCCOB)便设立了一个“企鹅保育”项目。09:39And every year they rescue and raise abandoned chicks.然后每一年他们都会救助并抚养那些被遗弃的小鸟。09:43And they have a
50、very impressive 80 percent success rate.而其救助的成功率也相当骄人 高达80%。09:46And this is critically important because,one year ago,theAfrican penguin was declared endangered.而这个数据至关重要 因为,就在一年前,非洲企鹅已经被官方公布濒临灭绝。09:51And they could be extinct in less than 10 years,if we dont dosomething now to protect them.而如果我们对其