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1、Unit 6 Bird-watching 第 3 课时 Grammar八年级英语上册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）知识精讲动词不定式作目的状语1动词不定式作目的状语主要用来修饰动词，表示某一动作或状态的目的。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在动词前面加in order to或so as to，意为“为了，目的是”。如： He stopped to ask the way他停下来问路。 I will sit in the front in order to hear more clearly 为了听得更清楚，我要坐在前面。2动词不定式的否定形式是在to前加not。如： I wrote
2、it down in order not to forget 为了不忘记，我把它写了下来。3由in order to引导的目的状语，既可以置于句首，也可以置于句尾，而由so as to引导的目的状语，只能置于句尾，不能置于句首。如： They started early in order to / so as to get there in time In order to get there in time，they started earlyWe do after-school activities every day in order to keep healthy.=In order
3、to keep healthy we do after-school activities every day.4动词不定式的复合结构作目的状语 当不定式有自己的主语时，要用不定式的复合结构(即在不定式前加for+g词或代词宾格)作状语。如： He opened the door for the children to come in 为了让孩子们进来，他打开了门。动词不定式作宾语补足语我们可以用动词不定式来说明宾语的情况，此时动词不定式在句中作宾语补足语。动词不定式作宾语补足语，有带to和不带to两种形式。分类常用动词带totell，ask，want，would like，order，inv
4、ite，get，allow，wish，encourage，advise，need，like，love, hate，teach等The teacher told us to come earlier tomorrow. Her parents wish her to be a teacher. My teacher told us to wear school uniforms Please ask them not to make noise不带to一感（feel）二听(hear，listen to)三使（let, have, make）四看(see, watch, notice, look
5、at)Let the boy go out now.That boy made the baby cry.My mother often listens to me play the piano., 注意 动词help后接不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式可以带to也可以不带to。Children should help their parents（to）do the housework.动词不定式的否定形式是仔原来的不定式前面加not.(not to do/not do) The teacher told us not to copy others homework.I want to make
6、the little not cry.总结（1） 两种情况：带to和不带to如：ask sb to do; make sb do（2） 带to：ask, tell, order, invite, get, allow, wish, want, encourage, advise, warn, like, love, hate（3） 不带to：感官动词；使役动词（4） help半帮，可带可不带（5） 注意：see sb do（表示状态）see sb doing（表示动作） 能力拓展1You cant expect _ any friends if you are not friendly to
7、others.Ato haveBhavingChadDhave2I cant keep myself active during the day.You _ take more exercise.Amust notBmust beCneed toDmay be3He kept telling himself _. He knew he could do well if he tried.Anot to nervousBdont be nervousCnot to be nervousDdidnt be nervous4_ about a country, you can read some b
8、ooks about it and travel around it for yourself.ALearnBLearningCTo learnDLearned5Sadly, the poor woman _ that the company couldnt afford _ her work.Atold; paying forBwas told; payingCtold; to pay forDwas told; to pay for6My ambition is _ an engineer.AbeBto beCbeingDto being7Its raining. Our teacher
9、tells us _ in the playground.Adont runBnot runCnot to runDto not run8There were so many colourful dresses in the shop for women. I couldnt decide _.Ato buy whichBwhich to buy oneCwhich one to buyDto buy which one9When the national flag goes up, it makes me _ proud.AfeltBfeelingCto feelDfeel10My brot
10、her decides _ to England to study English next year.AgoesBto goCgoDgoing11Loud music and red chairs in the restaurant make people _ fast.AeatBto eatCeatingDate12It took me two weeks _ the novels written by Mo Yan.Afinish readingBto finish to readCfinishing readingDto finish reading13Our English teac
11、her often advises us _ some notes while reading.Ato takeBtakeCtakingDtakes14At last, they decided _ to Hong Kong on vacation.AgoBgoingCgoesDto go15You must promise _ late for school again.Adont beBnot toCnot to beDto not16_ your cousin _ me next week?AIs; going to visitBDoes; going to visitCIs; goes
12、 to visitDDoes; goes to visit17Do you enjoy _ a volunteer?If you want _ this, youd better join us.Abeing; knowBto be; knowingCbeing; to knowDto be; to know18He is very funny. He can make everyone _ .AlaughsBto laughClaughDlaughing19My best friend is Daniel. He always tells funny things to me and alw
13、ays _.Amakes me to laughBmake me laughingCmakes me laughDmake me laugh20Vivian refuses _ her children to the weekend training center for extra classes.Ato sendBsendingCsentDsends21_ great fun it is _ diaries in English on the Internet!AHow, keep on keepBWhat, to keep on keepingCHow, keeping on keepD
14、What, keeping on keeping22_, it is important for him _ the meeting.AInstead; to attendBInstead of; to attendCInstead of; attendingDInstead; attending23My English teacher advises us _ English every morning. Its a good habit. It helps you practice _ .Ato read; to speakBto read; speakingCreading; to sp
15、eakDreading; speaking24Will you join us? Were having a book sale _ money for the old peoples home.AraiseBto raiseCraisedDraising25He spends much time on schoolwork _ good grades.AgetBto getCgettingDgot26He doesnt like milk, but his mother often makes him _ it .Ato drinkBdrinksCdrinkDdrinking27When y
16、ou finish _ meals, dont forget _ off the gas.Acooking; to turnBto cook; to turnCto cook; turningDcooking; turning28A: Im thirsty. I want something _ . B: What about some orange juice?AdrinkBdrinkingCto drinkDdrinks29Which country do you want to _? The USA, I think.AtravelBgoCvisit toDgo to30When Jac
17、k reached Paris, he couldnt wait _ the Eiffel Tower.AseeingBto seeCsawDseen31_ translate every word when you read a passage.ATry not toBTry to notCNot try toDTry your best32I like her bright _ eyes and they make her _ really pretty and kind.Asmile; looksBsmiling; to lookCsmile; lookDsmiling; look33W
18、hy didnt you go to play basketball yesterday?There was something wrong with my leg. The doctor advised me _ sports.Anot to playBto playCnot to makeDto make34 Im too tired. Would you mind _? Not at all. You can stop _ a break.Adriving; takingBdriving; to takeCto drive; to take35Why are you so excited
19、?Because Peter invited me _ on a trip to Huangshan.Ato goBgoCgoingDwill go36Uncle Wang plans _ to the mountains and take some photos tomorrow. That sounds good.AgoBto goCgoingDgoes37The summer vacation is coming. Its a good time _.Ataking a tripBto take a tripCtake a tripDtakes a trip38What do you e
20、xpect _ from clubs?I hope to make more friends who have a lot in common.AgetBto getCgettingDgot39He advised me _ from my English teacher.Aget some advicesBto get some advicesCget some adviceDto get some advice40 Mr. Ling, I have some difficulty understanding the article (文章). Remember _ it three or four times at least.AreadingBreadsCto readDread