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1、 Unit 3 A day out 第2课时 Reading八年级英语上册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）知识精讲1、fine【考向】 fine作副词，意为“够好，蛮不错”，常用于口语中【拓展】 fine作形容词，意为“身体很好的”，相当于well。fine作形容词，意为“晴朗的，美好的”。2、join /dn/ v. 加入，参加Which club do you want to join？ 你想加入哪个俱乐部？【考向】【易错点】 辨析：join与 join in含义及用法示例join参加，指参加到某个团体中去，从而成为其中一员。MayIjointheParty？我可以入党吗？joinin参加，尤其
2、指和其他人一起参加某项活动。Comeandjoininsingingthesong.过来一起唱这首歌吧。 【活学活用】 用join，join in的适当形式填空（1）Three years ago, Mr. Browns youngest son _ the army and became a soldier. （2）At Lisas birthday part, Peter _ singing and dancing with some new friends. 答案：1.joined 2.Joined in 3、invite sb. to do sth. 意为“邀请某人做某事”Did yo
3、u invite your friends to go shopping with you？ 你邀请你的朋友们和你一起去购物了吗？【考向】【重点】 表示“邀请某人参加某项活动”时,可用“invite sb. to名词（短语）”，此处的to为介词。He invited me to a dinner party. 他邀请我参加宴会。【活学活用】Why are you so excited？Nancy invited me _ on a trip to Dongjiang lake just now.【答案】AA. to go B. go C. going4、arrive / rav / vi. 到
4、达They arrived at the station at 3 this afternoon. 他们今天下午3点到达了车站。【考向】【重点】 辨析：arrive， get与reach词条用法示例arrivearrive后接地点名词（短语）时，常先接介词in或at，分别表示到达某个大地方或小地方。若接地点副词，则不需要加介词。TheywillarriveinShanghaitomorrowmorning.他们明天上午将到达上海。Theyarrivedatourschoolthismorning.他们今天上午到达了我们学校。Whendidyouarrivehome？你什么时候到家的？getge
5、t是不及物动词，其后接地点名词（短语）时，要先接介词to。若接地点副词，则不用加介词to。Wellgettothezooat9a.m.我们将于上午九点到动物园。Whendidyougetthere？你什么时候到那儿的？reachreach是及物动词，其后直接跟表示地点的宾语。HereachedBeijinglastmonth.他是上个月到北京的。 【注意】 如果后面没有任何表示地点的名词或副词时，则只能用arrive。When did you arrive？ 你是何时到达的？【拓展】 arrive的名词形式为arrival，意为“到来，到达”。We are waiting for his ar
6、rival. 我们正等待他的到来。【活学活用】When he _ school, he saw his classmates playing volleyball. 【答案】BA. arrived B. got to C. reach 5、in front of “在前面”There are many trees in front of our building. 在我们楼前有许多树。【考向】 辨析：in front of与in the front ofTheres a bus stop in front of the house. 在房子前面有一个公共汽车站。（指在某物体之外的前面）The
7、driver sits in the front of the bus. 驾驶员坐在公共汽车的前端。（指在某物体内部的前面）6、by oneself 独立地，独自Can you finish the work by yourself？ 你能独自完成这项工作吗？【考向】 by oneself相当于alone或on ones own。I can do it by myself. I can do it alone.I can do it on my own. 我能独立完成它。7、look like “看起来像”like是介词，后面常接名词（短语）或代词。He looks like his fath
8、er. 他看起来像他父亲。【考向】 辨析：look like与be like含义及用法looklike看起来像，指外表的相似。belike像，既可以表示外表的相似，也可以表示内在特点的相似。 【速记小筏】一语辨异：The two brothers do not look like each other, but they are like each other. 这两兄弟虽然长得不像，性格却相似。8、too much 太多；过于【考向】【易错点】 辨析：too much与much too含义及用法示例too much太多；过于，可单独使用作状语，用来修饰动词或动词短语。Shetalkstoom
9、uch.她话说得太多了。还可用作形容词性短语，用来修饰不可数名词。Dontgivehimtoomuchmoney.不要给他太多钱。much too太；非常，修饰形容词或副词。Herunsmuchtoofast.他跑得太快了。 【注意】too much修饰名词时，后接不可数名词；too many修饰名词时，后接可数名词复数形式。【速记小筏】too much和much too， 区别用法看后头；much 后接不可数，too则修饰形或副 。9、support / spt / n. 支持There is strong public support for the change. 公众大力支持这一变革。
10、【考向】 support还可作动词，意为“支持”。I support you. 我支持你。【拓展】：supporter n. 支持者；拥护者10、take place “发生，进行”take place 为不及物动词短语，无被动语态。The basketball game will take place on Sunday. 篮球比赛将在周日举行。【考向】【难点】 辨析：take place与happen含义用法示例takeplace都有“发生”之意。常用于已计划、安排或人们积极参与的事情。Themeetingtookplaceat8：00.会议在八点举行。happen用于偶然发生的事件，也用
11、于由另一件事引起的事情。Newthingsarehappeningaroundus.我们身边有新鲜事在发生。11、cheer for 为喝彩/欢呼”Lets go and cheer for them. 咱们去为他们加油吧。【考向一】 cheer up（使）变得更高兴，振奋起来How can we cheer him up？ 我们怎么能使他高兴起来呢？【考向二】 cheer还可作名词，意为“欢呼声；喝彩声”。Three cheers for the winners！为优胜者欢呼三次吧！12、forget to do sth. “忘记要做某事（事情还没做）”Dont forget to give
12、 him some food. 别忘记给他一些食物。【考向一】【重点】forget doing sth. 意为“忘记做过某事（事情已经做过了）”。My grandfather forgot telling me the story. 我祖父忘了他给我讲过这个故事。【考向二】【重点】 有类似用法的词还有remember。remember to do sth. 意为“记得要做某事”；remember doing sth. 意为“记得做过某事”。Remember to close the door when you go out. 记住当你出去时要关门。I remember seeing her s
13、omewhere. 我记得在哪儿见过她。13、helpless / helpls / adj. 无助的由名词help后缀less构成，类似构成的词有：childless，harmless，hopeless，meaningless，careless， painless，colourless等。Sometimes the disabled are helpless. 有时候，残疾人是无助的。14、useful /jusfl/ adj. 有用的由名词use后缀ful构成，类似构成的词有：delightful， cheerful， painful， colourful， harmful， succes
14、sful， thoughtful， wonderful等。This book is useful to me. 这本书对我来说很有用。【考向一】 useful可用作定语和表语。useful以辅音音素开头，故前面的不定冠词用a。【考向二】 useful的比较级为more useful，最高级为most useful。useful的反义词为useless。固定搭配：be useful for sth. 有助于；be useful to sb. 对某人有用15、by underground “乘地铁”【考向一】【重点】 “by 交通工具”中表示交通工具的名词只能用单数形式，且其前不能有限定词或修饰词
15、。如带有限定词或修饰词时，要用介词in或on。如：in a car，on a bus等。I go to school by bike every day. I go to school on a bike every day. 我每天骑自行车上学。【考向二】【重点】 go to. . . by underground相当于take the underground to. . . ，意为“乘地铁去”。Will you take the underground to the zoo？ Will you go to the zoo by underground？ 你将乘地铁去动物园吗？【活学活用】I
16、 usually ride _ bike to school. But this morning, I went to school by _ bus. 【答案】DA. a; the B. the; a C. 不填;a D. a;不填2、We will go to the park by bus. （改为同义句）We will _ _ _ to the park. 【答案】take a bus能力拓展一、完成句子1这本书不如那本书有用This book _ _ _ _ that one.【答案】isnt as useful as 【详解】as+形容词的原级+as，表示“和一样”，useful有
17、用的，是形容词，主语this book是第三人称单数，be动词用第三人称单数形式，故填isnt；as；useful；as。2做家务能帮助他们发展独立性，教他们怎样照顾自己。_ _ helps to _ childrens _and teaches them how to _ _ _.【答案】Doing housework develop independence look after themselves 【详解】做家务：do housework，用于句首作主语，需用动名词并大写首字母；发展：develop；独立性：independence；照顾自己：look after oneself，此处
18、指其前的“children”，所以用themselves表示。故填Doing housework；develop；independence；look after themselves。3为什么不邀请鲍勃参加我们的学校郊游呢？_ _ _ Bob _ _ our school trip?【答案】Why not invite to join 【详解】表示“为什么不做某事”用句型“why not+动词原形”，表示“邀请某人去做某事”用短语“invite sb. to do sth. ”，表示“加入”用动词join。句首首字母w大写。故填Why not invite; to; join。4众所周知，奥运
19、会每四年举行一次。As we all know, the Olympic Games _ _ every four years.【答案】take place 【详解】短语take place“举行”；这里是一般现在时态，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填take place。5她经常邀请她的朋友去钓鱼。 She often _ _ _ _ _.【答案】invites her friends to go fishing【详解】根据“often”可以判断出是经常或反复发生的事情，句子用一般现在时。主语“She”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。表示“邀请某人做某事”用动词短语“invite s
20、b. to do sth. ”。动词invite 的第三人称单数形式是invites。表示“她的朋友”用“her friends”；表示“去钓鱼”用固定短语“go fishing”。故填invites her friends to go fishing。6银行在公交车站的前面。The bank is _ _ _ the bus stop.【答案】in front of【详解】根据中英文对照可知知本空缺少“在前面”的表达，其英语为：in front of，是固定短语，故填in front of。7这本书真有用啊！我看了很多遍。_ _ _ book it is! I have read it ma
21、ny times.【答案】What a useful 【详解】结合中文，此处是一个感叹句，句子主谓是“it is”，而主语前还有名词“book”，所以感叹句要用what引导，名词是单数名词，所以要用不定冠词修饰，“有用的”是形容词useful，用来修饰名词，且是一个辅音音标开头的单词，所以不定冠词用a，故填What a useful。分层提分题组A 能力提升练二、完型填空先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Franco is a waiter in New York City. He has one week off for summer ho
22、liday every year. Last summer he 8 to go to California. He didnt want to go by plane. So he took the train from New York to California. The train left Penn Station in New York City at 10:00 pm on Monday. Franco tried to 9 that night, but he couldnt. He was too excited because he knew this travel in
23、California would be a 10 one.For five days, Franco didnt 11 the train. He often had a walk 12 the train and talked with other people. Sometimes he 13 to the linking part between two cars to get some fresh air. He had all his meals in the dining car. 14 , at 2:45 pm on Friday, the train reached San F
24、rancisco. Franco was happy to leave the train. On Sunday, Franco took a 15 back to New York. He looked out of its window and 16 the sight below. After a while, he closed his eyes and started to make 17 for his next summer holiday.6AdreamedBdecidedChopedDhad7AsleepBeatCwalkDread8AtiringBboringCworryi
25、ngDfantastic9AtakeBbringCleaveDmiss10AacrossBthroughCamongDbetween11AledBturncdCtraveiledDwalked12ALuckilyBSafelyCFinallyDSlowly13AplaneBtrainCbusDcoach14AcaughtBgotCfoundDenjoyed15AwishesBplansCchangesDreports【答案】8 B9A10D11C12B13D14C15A16D17B【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍了弗兰科去年夏天度假的经历。8句意：去年夏天他决定去加利福尼亚。dreamed
26、梦想；decided决定；hoped希望；had有。根据“So he took the train from New York to California.”和后文描述可知，去了加利福尼亚，所以此处指“决定去做某事”，故选B。9句意：那晚弗兰科想睡觉，但他睡不着。sleep睡觉；eat吃；walk走路；read阅读。根据“The train left Penn Station in New York City at 10:00 pm on Monday.”可知，晚上十点钟应该是睡觉时间，故选A。10句意：他太兴奋了，因为他知道这次加州之旅将是一次很棒的旅行。tiring累人的；boring无聊
27、的；worrying担心的；fantastic极好的。根据“He was too excited”可知，他很兴奋，所以他觉得旅行是很棒的，故选D。11句意：整整五天，弗兰科没有离开火车。take拿；bring带来；leave离开；miss思念，错过。根据后文“Franco was happy to leave the train.”可知，离开火车很高兴，所以他五天没离开过火车，故选C。12句意：他经常在火车上散步，和其他人聊天。across横穿；through穿过（内部）；among在（三者及以上）之间；between在两者之间。乘坐火车，所以是在火车内部，故选B。13句意：有时他走到两辆车之
28、间的连接处去呼吸一些新鲜空气。led导致；turned转向；traveiled旅游；walked步行。分析上下文，在火车上应该是走到连接处，故选D。14句意：最终，在周五下午2点45分，火车到达旧金山。Luckily幸运地；Safely安全地；Finally最终；Slowly缓慢地。根据上文描述，他在火车里待了五天，此处指终于到达目的地，故选C。15句意：周日，弗兰科乘飞机返回纽约。plane飞机；train火车；bus公交车；coach客车。根据“He looked out of its window andthe sight below.”可知，看下面的风景，应该是乘飞机，故选A。16句意
29、：他望着窗外，欣赏着下面的景色。caught抓住；got得到；found发现；enjoyed欣赏。根据“the sight”可知，应该是欣赏美景，故选D。17句意：过了一会儿，他闭上眼睛，开始为他的下一个暑假做计划。wishes希望；plans计划；changes改变；reports报道。make plans for为做准备，故选B。三、阅读单选APeter wondered why he didnt have many friends. The reason was he was always taking, never giving. One day Peter told Bill, “I
30、d like to give a party on Saturday, Id like you to come and bring May, too.” “Thanks, Peter. Wed be happy to come.” “Perhaps youd like to bring your violin. You and Lily sing well together. Im sure everyone will want you to sing for us.” That was how Peter began to plan his party. Next he asked anot
31、her friend, Betty, to bring a cake. “You make the best cake in the world, Betty. And I like to eat your cake better than have one from the bakery (面包房).” Peter invited (邀请) a few other friends to come to his party. He didnt forget to ask something from each one of them. He even asked Jim and Mary Ja
32、ckson to let him give the party at their house! They agreed.The party was a big success (成功). However, as the guests were leaving, they said “Thank you” to Bill and Lily for the music, Betty for the cake, the Jacksons for the use of the house and to others for their hard work. To Peter they just sai
33、d, “Thanks for the invitation.”18The party was held (被举行) _.Aat Peters houseBin a large hallCat Peters friends houseDin a secret place19Which of the following is not true?_ABetty made the best cake.BMary Jackson sang well.CBill played the violin well.DThe Jacksons did hard work for the party.20_ lik
34、ed Peter.AMany of his friendsBFew peopleCEveryoneDAll his friends21Peter _ to give the party.Atried his bestBdid nothingConly invited some friendsDdid everything22From the story, we can see Peter was _.Aa warm-hearted manBgood at making friendsCa selfish (自私的) manDa welcomed friend【答案】18C19B20B21C22
35、C【分析】本文讲述了彼得想知道他为什么没有很多朋友。原因是他总是索取，从不给予。他自己开派对，他邀请自己的朋友，但是还要求朋友为他准备各种东西，从不付出，他是一个很自私的人。18细节理解题。根据“He even asked Jim and Mary Jackson to let him give the party at their house”可知他甚至要求吉姆杰克逊和玛丽杰克逊让他在他们家开派对，所以是在他朋友家开派对，故选C。19推理判断题。根据“He even asked Jim and Mary Jackson to let him give the party at their h
36、ouse”可知他甚至要求吉姆和玛丽杰克逊让他在他们家开派对，与选项B内容不符。故选B。20细节理解题。根据“Peter wondered why he didnt have many friends.”可知彼得想知道他为什么没有很多朋友，故选B。21细节理解题。根据“To Peter they just said, Thanks for the invitation. ”可知他们只是对彼得说:“谢谢你的邀请。”故选C。22推理判断题。根据“The reason was he was always taking, never giving.”可知原因是他总是索取，从不给予，可推测出是自私的人，故
37、选C。BFeb7, 2021Dear mom and dad,Hello from Hawaii! It is lovely here. The volcanoes（火山）and beaches are beautiful. I hope you can come and see them yourselves someday. The seafood here is amazing-its much cheaper than it is in Boston. The people here are friendly too. They taught me to dance and cook.
38、I have enjoyed my island holiday a lot since I arrived last Wednesday, but I wish I had a different roommate. My roommate Maxis is from Sydney. He leaves his stuff everywhere. Our room is always a mess（杂乱）. He also watches TV late at night. It makes it hard for me to sleep. The good news is that tod
39、ay is Sunday-its time to go home.I love you and Ill see you soon.James23Whom did James send this postcard to?_AHis friends.BHis parents.CHis teachers.DHis cousins.24Where did James spend his holiday?_AHawaii.BBoston.CSydney.DToronto.25How long was James island holiday?_ASeven days.BAbout five days.C
40、About three days.DOne day.26Which of the following is TRUE?_AJames prefers the beaches in Boston.BJames stayed at a local persons home.CJames cooked his own meals every day.DJames enjoyed the seafood during his holiday.27What do we know about Max?_AHe taught James to dance.BHe often cleans his room
41、at night.CHe doesnt go to bed until late at night.DHe wanted to have a different roommate.【答案】23B24A25B26D27C【分析】这篇短文是James写给父母的信，James去夏威夷度假了，他在那里玩得很开心，但是他不满意他的室友，因为他太邋遢了。23细节理解题。根据信的开头“Dear mom and dad”可知，这封信是James写给他的爸爸、妈妈的。故选B。24细节理解题。根据短文中“Hello from Hawaii!”可知，James去了夏威夷度假，故选A。25细节理解题。根据短文中“I
42、have enjoyed my island holiday a lot since I arrived last Wednesday”可知，James是上周三去了夏威夷；再根据“The good news is that today is Sunday-its time to go home.”可知，他星期天就要回家了。由此可知他的假期一共是五天。故选B。26推理判断题。根据第一段“The seafood here is amazing-its much cheaper than it is in Boston.”可知，James觉得夏威夷的海鲜很惊人的，而且很便宜，由此可知，他非常喜欢那里
43、的海鲜。D选项符合文意，故选D。27细节理解题。根据第二段“He also watches TV late at night. It makes it hard for me to sleep.”可知，Max晚上总是看电视看到很晚，故选C。题组B 培优拔尖练28Its meaningful _ us _ charities.Afor; to supportBof; to supportCfor; supportDof; supporting【答案】A【详解】句意：对于我们来讲，支持慈善事业是有意义的。考查介词和非谓语动词。It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.“对于某事来讲
44、，做某事是的。”句型中形容词通常用于修饰“做某事”。 It is+adj.+of sb. to do sth.“某人做某事是”，形容词通常表示人的品格。support是动词，意为“支持”。这里表示“支持慈善事业是有意义的”。故第一空填for；第二空用动词不定式作真正的主语。故选A。29When we arrived _the airport, the plane had already taken off. So we had to give up the trip to Shanghai.AforBatCinDon【答案】B【详解】略30What? We can take buses with just a mobile phone?Yes. Buses in Suzhou began to_ Alipay app. AshareBsaveCsearchDsupport【答案】D【详解】句意：什么？只用一部手机我们就能乘坐公交车？是的。苏州的公交车开始支持支付宝软件了。考查动词辨析。share分享；save节省，拯救；search搜索，搜查；support支持。根据句意可知，能用手机坐公交车，就是用支付宝付费，所以应该是“支持这个软件”。故选D。31 Do you want me to help you, Tom? No, thanks. I can