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1、Unit 7 Seasons 第 2 课时 Reading八年级英语上册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）知识精讲1、befullof充满，装满【考向】befullof的同义短语是什么？befullof的同义短语是befilledwith。Thehouseisfullofpeople.Thehouseisfilledwithpeople.屋子里满是人。2、faraway远离【考向】far，faraway及farawayfrom有何区别？(1) faraway用作表语或状语，away可以省去，因此，farawayfar;farawayfromfarfrom。Myhomeisfar/faraway.我家离
2、得远。Hisfactoryisfar(away)fromourschool.他的工厂远离我们学校。(2) far(away)后不接宾语；far(away)from后一定要接宾语。Theydonotlivefaraway.他们住得并不远。(3) farfrom除了表示距离的“远离”之外，还有“远远不，完全不，绝非”之意，后接名词、动名词或形容词。Farfromreadinghisletter，shedidntopenit。别说看他的信了，她连信都没打开Heisfarfrom(being)rich.他一点也不富有。3、hidefrom躲避【考向】hidefrom有哪些意思？hidefrom的意思是
3、“躲避；向保守秘密，隐瞒；使看不见”。Mysonneverhidesanythingfromme。我儿子从来不隐瞒我什么。Hehiditfromusforalongtime.这件事他瞒了我们很久。4、Farmersworktoharvestcrops.Asthedaysareshorterandthetemperaturedrops.随着白天变短气温下降，农民们开始收获庄稼。【考向1】harvest在此用作_词。harvest在此用作动词，意为“收割，收获”。Theyareharvestingwheatinthefield.他们在田里收割小麦。【拓展】harvest还可用作名词，意为“收成，收
4、获量”。Itrainedduringtheharvest.在收获期间天下雨了。Itsharvesttime.Thepeasantsareharvestingcorns.现在是收获季节。农民们正在收获玉米。【考向2】crop在此用作_词。crop在此用作名词，意为“农作物，庄稼”。Thelandisoutofcrops.这块土地未种庄稼。【考向3】as有哪些用法？as的常见用法如下：(1) 表示伴随，意为“随着”。Astimepassed,thingsseemedtogetworse.随着时间的推移，情况似乎变得更糟了。若其后不接从句，而接名词，则用介词with表示“随着”。Weareallge
5、ttingoldwithage.随着岁月的流逝我们都在变老。(2) 表示时间，意为“当的时候”。Hedroppedtheglassashestoodup.他站起来时，把杯子摔碎了。Aslwascominghere,Imetyourbrother.我来这里时碰到了你的弟弟。【注意】as引导时间状语从句时，其谓语动词通常只能是动作动词，而不能是静态或状态动词。她出生后不久父母双亡。误：Herparentsdiedasshewasababy.正：Herparentsdiedwhenshewasababy.(3) 表示原因，引导原因状语从句时，其谓语动词可以是动作动词，也可以是状态动词。Asyouwe
6、rentthere，Ileftamessage.因为你不在那里，我留了个信儿。【考向4】drop在此用作_词，意思是_。drop在此用作动词，意为“下降，落下”。dropin顺便走访。Idroppedmypenontheground.我把钢笔掉在了地板上。Dropinonmeatanytime什么时候都可以来我这里。【拓展】drop也可用作名词，意为“滴”。Somedropsofraindroppedontohishead.几滴雨滴到了他的头上。5、Theleavesturngreenandthetemperaturerisesquickly。树叶变绿，温度很快上升。【考向1】leaves的原
7、形是什么？有几种意思？leaves的原形有两种：一是动词leave(离开)，leaves为第三人称单数形式；二是leaf(叶子)，leaves为复数形式。在此是leaf的复数形式。Heoftenleavesschoolat5intheafternoon.他经常在下午五点离开学校Theleavesofthetreebegantoturnyellow.这棵树上的叶子开始变黄。【考向2】turn在此用作连系动词还是行为动词？turn在此用作连系动词，意为“变得”。Youcantcrosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.直到交通灯变绿你才可过马路。【拓展】(
8、1) turn也可作行为动词，意为“转动，使旋转；转弯；翻过来；转向；转变；转动”。turnon打开，发动；turnoff关掉；turnup调高；turndown调低；turnaround掉过头，转过身；turninto变成。TheTVistoonoisy.Pleaseturnitdown.电视太吵了。请把声音调低一点。(2) become多指身份、职位等的变化，它强调变化的过程已经完成。后面可接名词或形容词。Hebecomesateacher.他成了一名老师。Hermotherbecameangrywhensheheardthenews.她妈妈听到这个消息时非常生气。【注意】将来“成为”不用
9、become而用be。Shewillbeateacher.她将成为一名老师。(3) get多用于口语，表示一种变化过程，强调的是“渐渐变得”，后常接形容词的比较级形式。Inwinterthedaysgetshorter,冬季白天变得较短。(4) turn指在颜色和性质等方面与以前的完全不同，强调变化的结果。Themilkhasturnedbad.牛奶变质了。【考向3】rise与raise有何区别？(1) rise是不及物动词，表示“升起”，其过去式、过去分词分别为rose，risen。Thesunisrising.太阳在升起。(2) raise是及物动词，表示“举起”，其过去式，过去分词分别为
10、raised，raisedPleaseraiseyourhandifyouhaveanyquestionstoask.如果你有问题要问请举手。【拓展】raise还有“饲养，供养”的意思。Hehastoworkhardtoraisehisfamily.他不得不努力工作来养家糊口6、 Itisoftenverycoldandthetemperaturecandropbelowzero.天气常常很冷，温度可能降到零度以下。【考向】below在此是_词，意为_。below在此是介词，意为“在下面（表示位置）；在掩饰之下（表示状态）；不及；低于（表示比较）”。Thereisapicturebelowth
11、eblackboard.在黑板的下方有一幅画。【拓展】(1) below还可用作副词，意为“在下面，到下面”。Youcanseemyroomfrombelow从下面你可以看到我的房间。(2) below与under的区别：两者都可表示“低于”，under主要表示垂直在下的正下方，而below则不一定表示正下方（既可以是正下方也可以是非正下方）。换句话说，表示正下方，两者都可用；表示非正下方，则通常用below。Lookatthecupboardbelow/underthesink.到洗碗池下面的柜子里看一看。Theclimbersstopped300metersbelowthetopofthe
12、mountain.登山队员们在离山顶300米处停了下来。两者均可表示数量方面的“少于”，但在现代英语中，以用under为多Therewereunder/belowfortypeopleatthemeeting.参加会议的人数不足40。【注意】在现代英语中，below表示“少于”，主要用于表示温度、高度以及有纵向标准可比的情况。Thetemperatureistwodegreesbelowzero. 温度是零下2度。若表示一物被另一物所覆盖，则通常用under。Thedogislyingundertheclothes.这条狗正躺在衣服下面。7、Farmersarebusyharvestingcr
13、ops.农民们正忙于收割庄稼。【考向】bebusydoingsth的意思是_。bebusydoingsth./withsth.的意思为“忙于做某事”。Heisbusydoinghishomework.Heisbusywithhishomework.他正忙于做作业。8、Soonitwillbeanewyearonceagain不久又是新的一年。【考向】onceagain的意思是_。onceagain的意思是“再一次”，相当于again，说明动作是第二遍。HelookedalittlefatwhenIsawhimonceagain.当我再次见到他时他看上去有点胖。根据汉语提示完成句子能力拓展一、完
14、成句子根据中文完成句子。1爸爸的书柜里满满的都是书。Dads bookcase_.2他把报纸一堆堆地放在地上。He put the newspapers _ on the floor.3别忘了把外套带上，晚上气温会下降的。Dont forget to _ with you. The temperature _ this evening.4看，蜜蜂在花丛中飞舞。Look! The bees _.5我们在一个阳光明媚的春日游览了博物院。We visited the museum _.分层提分题组A 能力提升练二、完型填空Spring is coming! Lots of great outdoor
15、 activities are 6 you. Lets take a 7 at the list below.Go for a 8 through your neighbourhood. In spring, everything is 9 and flowers are coming out. A good way to 10 it is to take a walk around the block, and your dog will love you more for the time outside.Go for a bike ride. Bike riding is great e
16、xercise. 11 gives you a way to get around. Ride your bike to your favourite 12 for lunch, and then ride around for a leisurely（悠闲的）afternoon.Visit a farm. Lots of local farms have Farm Days, 13 you and your family can visit the farm, watch the animals, and 14 local agriculture（农业）.Sit out in the sun
17、. 15 there is nothing better than sitting outside with a cup of hot tea. It is enjoyable, isnt it?6AspeakingBsayingCtellingDcalling7AseeBlookCwatchDeye8ArideBswimCwalkDhike9AgreenBbrownCyellowDblue10AhateBenjoyCspendDpay11AThisBThatCItDOne12AshopBschoolCparkDrestaurant13AsoBbutCorDhowever14Athink ab
18、outBworry aboutClearn aboutDtalk about15ANeverBSeldomCAlwaysDSometimes三、阅读单选AIn many places the weather changes during the year. These changes are called seasons. In the north and south there are four seasons in a year. At the North and South Pole, there are only two seasons. In tropical（热带） places
19、near the Earths equator（ 赤道）, there are two seasons a wet season and a dry season. Each season brings changes. They are important for plants and animals that live in different parts of the world.Spring starts when the day and night are the same length. The weather gets warmer and sunnier. Trees and
20、plants start to grow. Many animals have their babies in spring.Summer begins on the longest day of the year. In the north this is on June 21 or 22. Summer is usually the warmest and sunniest time of the year. Fruit grows faster on trees and plants. Young animals grow bigger and stronger.Autumn start
21、s when the day and night are the same length again. During autumn, the leaves change color and fall down from the trees. Some animals collect food before winter comes.Winter begins on the shortest day of the year. In the north this is on December 21 or 22.The weather is colder and in some places the
22、re is lots of snow. Plants and trees stop growing. Some animals, like bats and bears, find places to hide and sleep. This is called hibernation.16There are seasons on Greenland（格陵兰岛） at the North pole.AfourBthreeCtwoDone17Many animals in spring.Ahave babiesBchange colorCcollect foodDstop growing18Fr
23、uit grows faster on trees and plants in .AspringBsummerCautumnDwinter19The meaning of the underlined word hibernation is in Chinese.A迁徒B寒冷C储藏D冬眠20 start when the day and night are the same length.ASpring and summerBSummer and autumnCAutumn and winterDSpring and autumnBDear Lin Tao,How are you? Right
24、 now Im watching the weather report on TV. It says it will snow in Beijing. But its summer in Australia now! Our summer is in December, January and February. Its really hot now. I like summer because my favorite sports are swimming, beach volleyball and surfing.Our autumn is from March to May. Some
25、trees turn yellow and orange, but many trees are green all year. The weather is warm and sunny. We often go to the Blue Mountains to enjoy the fresh air!Winter in Sydney starts in June and ends in August. The weather is not very cold. It never snows, but it rains a lot. Helen and I like to watch foo
26、tball games, even in the rain. Sometimes we go to a beach and watch whales swimming in the sea.Spring here is from September to November, I like spring best. The weather gets warmer and everything begins to grow. Trees turn green and flowers come out. My family often has a barbecue at a park or on a
27、 beach.What about the seasons in Beijing? I know they are really different! What do you usually do in different seasons?Please write back soon!Best wishes.David21When David wrote the letter, it was in Australia.AspringBsummerCautumnDwinter22Its in autumn in Australia.Areally coldBrainy and wetCwarm
28、and sunnyDvery cold23David doesnt like to in summer in Sydney.Ago surfingBplay beach volleyballCgo swimmingDwatch whales in the sea24How long does the spring last in Sydney?A8 weeks.B12 weeks.C16 weeks.D20 weeks.25Which of the following is NOT true according to the letter?ADavids favorite season is
29、spring.BIn winter it doesnt snow in Australia.CDavid often goes to the Blue Mountains in autumn.DDavid told Lin Tao lots of places of interest in Australia.题组B 培优拔尖练四、单项选择26A lot of money_ at the charity show, but the cost of living _ a lot, so we still need to do much work to help the disabled peop
30、le.Awas raised; has risenBwas raised; is risenCrose; has risenDrose; were raised27Some students school bags are _ snacks. It is not good.Acareful withBfull ofCfilled ofDcovered with28He is busy _ at school, but he never forgets _ his mom a phone call every day.Aworking; givingBwork; giveCworking; to giveDwork; to give29When the weather is getting cold, the bird will fly _ to find a warm place.Afar fromBten kilometers far fromCfar awayDnear to30These days the temperature _quicklyI feel that it is winter now.Arises Bdrops Craises Dfalls