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1、绝密启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10
2、秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。.例：How much is the shirt?A. 19. 15.B.9. 18.答案是Co1.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】C.9. 15.What will James do tomorrow ?A. Watch a TV program.B. Give a talk.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请夫附件查看】C. Write a report.What can we say about the woman?A. Shes generous.B. She*s curious.C. Shes helpful.3.【此处可播放相
3、关音频，请去附件查看】49. A. realB. perfectC. clearD. possible50. A. attendB. passC. skipD. observe51. A. addB. exposeC. applyD. compare52. A. eventuallyB. naturallyC. directlyD. normally53. A. gameB. presentationC. courseD. experiment54. A. criterionB. classroomC. departmentD. situation55. A. taughtB. wroteC.
4、 questionedD. promised56. A. factB. stepC. mannerD. skill57. A. gradesB. decisionsC. impressionsD. comments58. A. analyzeB. describeC. rebuildD. control59. A. announceB. signalC. blockD. evaluate60. A. roleB. desireC. concernD. behavior第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。According toa review of evide
5、nce in amedical journal, runners live three years _61 (long) thannon-runners. You dont have to run fast or for long 62 (see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running. While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it
6、 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 201466 showed a mere five to 10 minutes Aday of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that yo
7、u enjoy and will do. But otherwise. it*s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and its always 69 (energy),If you are time poor, you need run for only half th
8、e time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.第四部分写作第一节短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误， 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的次。删除：把多余 用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：（1）.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。71 .
9、 During my last winter holiday I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find achange there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens
10、of chicken. They also had a small pond, which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.第二节书面表达72 .假定你是李华，你的
11、新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复 邮件。内容包括：（1）到达时间；（2）合适的礼物；（3）餐桌礼仪。注意：1 .词数1。左右；2 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。C.At 10:30.C. By bike.A. Classmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Doctor and patient.第二节听第6段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What does the woman regret?A. Giving up her research.B. Dropping out of college
12、.C. Changing her major.7. What is the woman interested in studying now?A. Ecology.B. Education.C. Chemistry.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. What is the man?A. A hotel manager.B. A tour guide.C. A taxi driver.9. What is the man doing for the woman?A. Looking for some local foods.B. Showing her ar
13、ound the seaside.C. Offering information about a hotel.听第8段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10. Where does the conversation probably take place?When does the train leave?A. At 6:30.B. At 8:30.4 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How does the woman go to work?A. By car.B. On foot.5 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the probable
14、 relationship between the speakers?A. In an office.B. At home.C. At a restaurant.11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?A. Go to a concert.B. Visit a friend.C. Work extra hours.12. Who is Alice going to call?A. Mike.B. Joan.C. Catherine.听第9段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13. Why does the woman
15、meet the man?A. To look at an apartment.B. To deliver some furniture.C. To have a meal together.14. What does the woman like about the carpet?A. Its color.B. Its design.15. What does the man say about the kitchen?A. Its a good size.B Its newly painted.16. What will the woman probably do next?A. Go d
16、owntown.B. Talk with her friend.C. Its quality.C. Its adequately equipped .C. Make payment.听第10段材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?A. Movie fans.B. News reporters.C. College students.18. When did the speaker take English classes?A. Before he left his hometown.B. A
17、fter he came to America.C. When he was 15 years old.19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A. Hes proud.B. Hes sympathetic.C. Hes grateful.20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?A. How education shaped his life.B How his language skills improved.C. How he managed his business well.第二部分
18、第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Washington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about th
19、e trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability the cherry blossomsdisappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments an
20、d memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals
21、 looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most, interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路 线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Wa
22、shington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo
23、 taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle T
24、our.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesting stories.23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at
25、 night provide?A. City maps.B. Cameras.C. Meals.D. Safety lights.Good Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role - showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money:
26、 Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under 5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a lot of what shes leant into practice in her
27、own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant/ she explains. nI pay 5 for a portion（一份），but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody ca
28、n buy takeaway food, but sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves. nThe eight-part series（系歹（J节自）,Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the m
29、arket.With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonighfs Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms the familys long weekend of celebration with less exp
30、ensive but still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?学-科网B. She has started a new programme.D. She has had a light budget for her family.B. He prepares food for her kids.D. He invites guest families for her.A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.C. She dislikes working early in the m
31、orning.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A. He buys cooking materials for her.C. He assists her in cooking matters.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.C. Add some background information.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Keepin
32、g Fit by Eating SmartC. Making yourself a Perfect ChefB. Provide some advice for the readers.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.B. Balancing Our Daily DietD. Cooking Well for LessLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lo
33、t more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 lan
34、guages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, esp
35、ecially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominantlanguages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely
36、 uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000, Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua
37、New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number(中位数)of speakers is a mere 6, 000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡)，with only a few elderly speakers left. Pi
38、ck, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer ti
39、mes?A. They developed very fast.B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patters.D. They were closely connected29. Which of the following best explains dominant underlined in paragraph 2?A Complex.B. Advanced.D. Modern.C. Powerful.30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people
40、at present?A. About 6,800 .B. About 3,400C. About 2,400D. About 1,200.31. What is the main idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.C. Human development results in fewer languages.D. Geography determines language evolution.We may think were a
41、 culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices（装置）well after they go out of style. Thafs bad news for the environment - and our wallets as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the n
42、ewer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life - from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using
43、 the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs ent
44、ered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didnt throw out our old ones. nThe living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house J said one researcher
45、. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. Were not just keeping these old devices we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitts team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy
46、consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution（解决方案）？ The teams data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more
47、 than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are
48、 no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.