《Unit 8 A green world第 3 课时 Grammar（教师版）-八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Unit 8 A green world第 3 课时 Grammar（教师版）-八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、Unit 8 A green world 第3课时 grammar八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）知识精讲1. As well as people，animals will be harmed by pollution.和人一样，动物也将被污染伤害。【考点解析】as well与as well as只有一词之差，但意义和用法却相差甚远。(1) as well的用法：as well常用作状语，作“又；也”解，相当于too或also，常位于句末，无需用逗号与句子分开。I am going to London and my sister is going as well.我要到伦敦去我妹妹也要
2、去。(2) as well as的用法as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，表示“也，还”。它强调的是前一项，后一项只是顺便提及。因此连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一项一致；而用not onlybut also连接时，谓语动词与后一项一致。Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.=Not only you but also your wife is friendly to me.不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。as well as用来表示同级比较，指“一样好”。如：You look as well as you did ten years a
3、go.你的身体看起来还和十年前一样好。He plays the guitar as well as you.他的吉他弹得和你一样好。【注意】(1)如果as well as是连接两个不定式，则其后用不带to的不定式。博物馆不仅要具有娱乐性而且还要具有教育性。We cannot expect her to do the homework as well as look after the children.(2)当as well as用于句首时，其后习惯上要接动名词。As well as walking, he likes fishing and shooting.他除散步之外还喜欢钓鱼和打猎。典
4、型例题 ( ) 1.They play all kinds of instruments and sing_.A. also B. either C. as well D. as well as( ) 2.Tom, _ Jane and Rose, _ going to the farm on foot.A. as long as; is B. as well as; areC. as long as; are D. as well as; is( ) 3. Not only her father but also her friends_ singing.A. like B. likes C
5、. are like D. is like( ) 4. His teacher as well as his classmates_ Chinese.A. is B. are C. like D. enjoy 2. 被动语态的考点&难点考点1：感官动词和sell等动词用主动语态表被动。例：Good medicine _ bitter to the mouth.A. tastes B. is tasted C. tasteThis pen _ well.A. is sold B. sell C. sells考点2：happen, take place, break out, break down
6、, come true, come out, run out等动词不使用被动。例：WWI _ in 1914.A. was broken out B. has broken out C. broke out D. has been broken out考点3：主动形式被动形式see/hear sb. do sth.be seen/heard to do sth.see/hear sb. doing sth.be seen/heard doing sth.make sb. do sth.be made to do sth.例：The man _ clean the toilet because
7、he _ rubbish out when the police walked past the park.A. was made; was seen to throw B. was made to; was seen throwing C. made; saw考点4：固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词。例：Children should _.A. take good care of B. be taken good care C. be taken good care of考点5：need, allow 可以用-ing形式表示被动，need to be done=need doing，b
8、e allowed to do=allow doing。例：Your desk _.A. needs repair B. needs repairing C. needs to repair能力拓展一、 完成句子1霍金于2018年3月14日安详地辞世，享年76岁。Hawking_76 on March14th, 2018.2电影厉害了，我的国是如此的精彩，很值得再看一遍。The film Amazing China is so wonderful _ again.3这对英国夫妇自来到无锡就爱上了吴文化公园。 The British couple _Wu Culture Park since t
9、hey came to Wuxi.4我认为他把烦恼藏在心里就是浪费时间。真傻！I think its just _ to himself. How silly he is!5无论何时孩子做错事，应该鼓励讲真话而不是编造谎言。Whenever a child has done something wrong, he or she should be encouraged _.6儿童常被比作是春天里的花朵。Children _ in spring.【答案】1passed away peacefully at the age of2that it is well worth watching/see
10、ing3have been in love with4a waste of time to keep worries5to tell the truth instead of making up lies6are often compared to the flowers【解析】1pass away去世，是一个固定短语，根据句中的时间可知，这里说的是过去的事情，应用过去式passed away；peacefully副词，“安详地”，修饰前面的动词短语；at the age of是固定短语，表示“在岁的时候”。2sothat如此以至于，引导结果状语从句；从句中使用了句型it is well wo
11、rth doing sth.非常值得做某事；watch或者see意为“看”，变成动名词形式。3be in love with爱上，是系表结构的短语；since引导时间状语从句时，常和现在完成时搭配，主语The British couple是复数，故这里填have been in love with。4a waste of固定短语，“浪费”；time时间；keepto oneself是固定短语，保守秘密。句中使用了句型it is a waste ofto do sth.做某事是浪费，故用动词不定式to keep。5句中使用了句型encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事；te
12、ll the truth说实话；instead of代替，后跟名词或者动名词形式；make up编造，应用动名词making；lies谎言。6compareto把比作，是固定短语。根据句意可知，这句话的主语Children与动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态are compared；the flowers花。分层提分题组A 能力提升练7You dont know what great difficulty I had getting the two tickets. But the match is really worth _.AwatchBwatchingCbeing watchedDto b
13、e watched【答案】B【详解】句意：你不知道我弄到这两张票有多困难。但这场比赛确实值得一看。考查非谓语动词。固定短语be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，此处用主动表示被动含义，故选B。8She said that her bicycle needed _.Ato repairBrepairingCrepairedDbeing repaired【答案】B【详解】句意：她说她的自行车需要修理。考查need的用法。根据“She said that her bicycle needed.”可知，此处表示“需要被修理”，need doing=need to be done，表示被
14、动，故选B。9What were you doing at this time yesterday? I called you but no one answered. I was reading a novel _ is well worth _. Athat；readingBwhich；reading itC/；readingDit；reading【答案】A【详解】句意：昨天这个时候你在干什么？我打电话给你，但是没人接。我正在看一本很值得阅读的小说。考查定语从句和主动表被动。第一空考查定语从句关系词，先行词是novel，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which/that，排除选项C和
15、D；第二空，sth. be worth doing表示“某事物值得被做”，主动形式表示被动含义。故选A。10The cakes in the shop _, so they _ well.Aare smelled well; sellBare smelled better; are soldCsmell nice; sellDsmell terrible; are sold【答案】C【详解】句意：店里的蛋糕闻起来很香，所以卖得很好。考查动词的语态。smell在此处作感官系动词，无被动语态，其后接形容词作表语，排除AB；结合“well”可知不及物动词sell与状语连用，表示卖得好，用主动表被动，
16、排除D。故选C。11What do you think of the movie The Climbers?Very wonderful. It is well worth _.AseeingBbeing seenCto see【答案】A【详解】句意：你觉得电影攀登者怎么样？非常精彩。它非常值得一看。考查非谓语动词。see看；be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，主动形式表示被动意义。故选A。12Have you see the TV play My Ugly Mother ?Yes, its well worth _. Its _ moving that Ive seen i
17、t twice.Aseeing ; tooBto see ; enoughCseeing ; so【答案】C【详解】句意：你看过丑娘这部电视剧吗？是的。它值得一看。它是如此感人以至于我已经看了两遍了。考查sothat引导的结果状语从句。see看；too太；enough足够；so如此，根据固定搭配be worth doing sth“值得做某事”可知，第一个空用动名词seeing，由sothat“如此以至于”以及第二个空后的“moving that Ive seen it twice”可知，应该是它是如此感人以至于我已经看了两遍了，故选C。13Clothes made of silk _ sof
18、ter than those made of cotton.Aare feltBfeelCare feeling【答案】B【详解】句意：丝绸制成的衣服比棉质的衣服摸起来更柔软。考查感官系动词。feel为感官系动词，用主动形式表达被动含义，因此排除A项。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，因此排除C项。故选B。14These boxes are too heavy _.Abe carriedBcarryCcarriedDto carry【答案】D【详解】句意：这些箱子太重，搬不动。考查非谓语动词。根据“These boxes are too heavy.”可知，此处含有too.to.结构，表示“太而
19、不能”，在too.to.结构中主动形式表示被动的意义，故选D。15Mum, my bike is broken. It needs _. What a pity! Your dad will have it _ soon. Dont worry.Arepairing; repairedBto be repaired; repairingCto repair; to repairDrepairing; to be repaired【答案】A【详解】句意：妈妈，我的自行车坏了。它需要修理。真遗憾！你爸爸很快就会让人把它修好的。别担心。考查非谓语动词。need doing需要被做，主动表被动，故第一
20、个空为repairing；have sth. done让人做某事，故第二个空为repaired。故选A。16Can you tell me how often these flowers_?Arequire wateringBrequire wateredCare required wateringDare required to water【答案】A【详解】句意：你能告诉我这些花需要多久浇一次水吗？考查require用法。当某物作主语，谓语动词是need，want，require等时，它的宾语可以用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式。如require doing=require to be
21、done。故选A。17The teacher said that the English competitionwould _ this weekend.Atake placeBholdCbeDhave【答案】A【详解】句意：老师说英语竞赛将在这周举办。考查动词及动词短语辨析。take place发生，举行（表示按计划发生的事情，主动表被动）；hold举办；be是，be动词；have有。根据句意可知，表示“举办竞赛”，排除C和D；主语the English competition与谓语之间存在被动关系，排除B；take place发生，举行，主动表被动，故选A。18The computer n
22、eeds _ . I think I need _ to ask Mr. Zhang for help.Afixing; goingBto fix; goingCfixing; to goDto fix; to go【答案】C【详解】句意：这台电脑需要修理。我想我需要去请张先生帮忙。考查need用法。fix修理；go去，根据前面的“The computer”和固定搭配need doing“需要被”可知，应该是电脑需要被修，排除B和D，need作实义动词时，后面接动词不定式，即need to do sth“需要去做某事”，排除A，故选C。19Whats wrong with your grand
23、pas flower?Most plants require regularly _.Ato waterBwateringCto be water【答案】B【详解】句意：你爷爷的花怎么了？大多数植物需要定期浇水。考查非谓语。sth require doing“某事需要被做”，是固定短语，此处用动名词的主动表达被动的含义，故选B。20Math is difficult _ , so you should practice more.Afor learningBto learnCwith learningDabout learning【答案】B【详解】句意：数学学习起来很难。因此你需要练习更多。考
24、查非谓语动词。根据“Math is difficult”可知是动词“learn”和主语“math”构成逻辑上的动宾关系，用动词不定式，用“sth. be 形容词 to do”的结构。空处用动词不定式“to learn”。故选B。题组B 培优拔尖练21Do you know 5-G mobile phone?Yes, its said they _ at present.Asell wellBare sold wellCsell goodDare sold good【答案】A【详解】句意：你知道5g手机吗？是的，据说它们现在很畅销。考查动词用法。sell well 畅销，主动表被动；are so
25、ld well被卖的好；sell good错误表达；are sold good错误表达，根据回答可知，此处表达“畅销”，应该用主动表被动，sell well动词短语。故选A。22The movie HI, Li Huanying is worth _.AwatchedBto watchCwatchDwatching【答案】D【详解】句意：电影你好，李焕英值得一看。考查非谓语动词。be worth doing为固定搭配，意为“值得做”，符合句意，故选D。23The milk _ strange. Do you think its OK to drink?Awas tastedBtastedCis
26、 tastingDtastes【答案】D【详解】句意：这牛奶尝起来有些奇怪。你觉得喝了没关系吗？考查系动词的用法。taste属于系动词中的感官动词，意为“尝起来”时不用被动语态。根据后句“Do you think its OK to drink?”可知说的是当下的事情，用一般现在时。故选D。24The 2022 Winter Olympics _ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou. Yes. And my best friend will _ his girl friend at that time.Awill hold; marryBwill be held; get m
27、arried withCwill be taken place; get married toDwill take place; marry【答案】D【详解】句意：2022年冬奥会将在北京和张家口举行。是的。我最好的朋友到时候会和他的女朋友结婚。考查动词短语及被动语态。根据“The 2022 Winter Olympics.in Beijing and Zhangjiakou.”可知如果使用hold，用一般将来时的被动语态will be held；如果使用take place，因其没有被动语态，用主动语态代替被动语态，即will take place；由此可排除AC ；与某人结婚get mar
28、ried to sb./marry sb.，排除B。故选D。25How beautiful this kind of computer is! Where did you buy it?It _ in that shop. It _ well.Asells; is soldBsells; sellsCis sold; sellsDis sold; is sold【答案】C【详解】句意：这种电脑多漂亮啊！你在哪里买的？ 它在那家商店出售。它很畅销。考查动词的时态和语态。再由“It.in that shop.”可知，电脑在商店里被卖，用一般现在时的被动语态，第一空用is sold；根据“It.we
29、ll.”可知，此处讲电脑卖得好，sell后面加副词时，用主动形式表被动含义，主语“It”是第三人称单数，所以第二空用sells。故选C。26My hair is too long. It needs _.AcutBto cutCcutting【答案】C【详解】句意：我的头发太长了。它需要修剪。考查被动语态。主语it和cut是被动关系，need doing sth= need to be done，主动形式表被动。故选C。27The shoes were worn out, whats more, they arent worth _.Ato mendBmendingCmended【答案】B【详
30、解】句意：这些鞋穿坏了，还有就是，它们不值得补了。考查非谓语。be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，空格处应用doing形式，用主动形式表达被动关系，故选B。28Do you know about HUAWEI 5G mobile phones? Yes. Its said that they _ at present.Asell wellBare sold wellCsell goodDare sold good【答案】A【详解】句意：你知道华为5G手机吗？知道。据说目前这种产品很畅销。考查动词和副词。good好的，是形容词；well好的，是副词；sell表示“销售，卖”，是
31、及物动词；表示“卖得，销售得”，是不及物动词。此处表示卖得好，畅销，修饰动词用副词well，用主动语态表达被动含义。故选A。29Those kinds of books _ well. They are popular with teenagers.AsellsBwas soldCsell【答案】C【详解】句意：那种书很畅销。他们很受青少年的欢迎。考查动词时态。sell后接副词表示物品的销售情况或卖的状态，用主动形式表被动，句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故选C。30 Where will the 2022 Winter Olympics _, Cindy?In Beijing, t
32、he capital of China, the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympics.Abe taken placeBtake partCtake placeDbe taken part【答案】C【详解】句意：辛迪，2022年冬奥会将在哪里举行？北京，中国的首都，第一个举办过夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会的城市。考查动词短语和被动语态。take place发生，举行，没有被动语态；take part参与，参加；根据“Where will the 2022 Winter Olympics., Cindy?”及结合选项可知，此处使用take
33、 place，表示“举行”符合语境；take place没有被动语态，需用主动形式表示被动意义。助动词will之后，用动词原形。故选C。31Gullivers Travels _ so well that it _ out in all the shops in my town.Ais sold; sellBsells; sellsCis sold; is soldDsells; is sold【答案】D【详解】句意：格列佛游记卖得很好，在我们镇上所有的商店都卖光了。考查动词的时态和语态。根据“Gullivers Travels . so well”可知此处讲书卖得好，sell后面加副词时，用
34、主动形式表被动含义，第一空用sells；再由“it . out in all the shops in my town”可知书被卖光，一般现在时的被动语态，第二空用is sold。故选D。32My bicycle doesnt work. It needs _ immediately.ArepairedBbeing repairedCrepairingDbeing repairing【答案】C【详解】句意：我的自行车坏了。它需要马上修理。考查主动表被动的用法。主语it与repair是被动关系，need doing sth=need to be done，主动形式表被动，故选C。33Jack n
35、eeds _ some water because the flowers need _.Ato take; to waterBtaking; wateringCtake; waterDto take; watering【答案】D【详解】句意：杰克需要带一些水，因为这些花需要浇水。考查动词用法。take拿，取；water浇水；根据句中“needs”可知， need为实义动词，need to do sth.需要做某事，所以第一空使用动词不定式；needdoing sth.某事需要被做，此处是花需要被浇水，所以第二空用watering。故选D。34I want to buy that kind o
36、f cloth because I _ the cloth _ well.Ahave told; washedBhave been told; washesChave been told; washedDwas told; washes【答案】B【详解】句意：我想买这种布，因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。考查时态及语态。“我”和“告诉”是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，强调对现在的影响，所以需用完成时态的被动语态；一些动词wash，lock，sell，wear，read，open，shut，clean等，如果主语是物，且表示主语的特性或品质时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。the cloth wash
37、es well是指“这种布料很好洗”，就是说明这种布料的特征的，应使用一般现在时。故选B。35This kind of cloth_well and large quantities of the cloth _.Ais sold； have been soldBis sold; has been soldCsells； have been soldDsells ; has been sold【答案】C【详解】句意：这种布销路很好，已售出大量。考查动词的时态和语态。sell在表示事物的状态、特点时，常与well连用，可以用主动表被动，因此第一个空应选 sells；第二空表示“出售，卖”的动作，用被动语态，且强调对现在的影响应该用现在完成时态，主语quantities为复数，助动词应该用have，故正确答案为C。