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1、Unit 8 A green world 第2课时 reading八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）知识精讲1. a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes有高山和蔚蓝湖面的国家【考点解析】with在这里是介词短语做后置定语，意为“拥有”【例句】China is a country with a long history. 中国是一个拥有悠久历史的国家。【拓展】without 意为“没有”，介词，其后接名词和动名词【例句】He often goes to school without breakfast because of ge
2、tting up late.典型例题 1、 他住在一个带花园的房子里。2、 他没打招呼就离开这里了。 2. Its beautiful, and we should try to keep it that way. 它（瑞士）很美，而且我们应该尽力让它一直保持那样。 【考点解析】that way意为“这样；那样；那边”。way可以和this、that等连用。 【例句】Why does he act this way? 他为什么这样做？That way, she will be alone when she finds the letter. 那样一来，她发现信时，就只有她一人在场。典型例题那样
3、，我们就能得到他的帮助。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.3. In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled. 在瑞士，像玻璃、塑料和纸被分成不同的小组，然后回收利用。 【考点解析】separate into 把.分开，隔开be separated into 被. 分开，隔开【例句】The children were separated into groups for the game.那些儿童分成小组做游戏。典型例题 动词填空T
4、he waste_ (separate) into different groups before being thrown into the bin4. Even old clothes and shoes can be recycled即使旧衣服和旧鞋子也能被回收。【考点解析】even副词，意为“即使，纵然；再者，加之；此外，而且；（表示进一层的意思）甚至（也），连”。【例句】Even he is old，he works hard.即使他老了，他仍努力工作。【注意】even 与much和far 一样，其后接形容词副词的比较级典型例题 使你说英语，我也能听懂。_ _ _ _, I can
5、understand you.5. Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are given to the poor, and others are sent to factories for recycling.【考点解析】some, some, and others. 表示“一些, 一些, 还有一些”。典型例题 一些学生在安静地看书，一些在做笔记，还有一些在上网查资料。_ _ _ _ _ , _ _ _ _, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.6. We are not allowed to cut down trees.
6、 我们是不允许砍伐树木的。 【考点解析】(1) allow作“允许”或“许可”讲，常用动词不定式短语作宾语补足语。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事Please allow me to carry your bag.请让我替你拿包。(2) allow作“许可，允许”讲，只可搭配动名词短语作宾语，不可直接用动词不定式作宾补，即只可说allow doing sth，不可说allow to do sth.。They allowed smoking in this room only.他们只允许在这间屋子里抽烟。(3) allow还常与out，in，up等副词搭配使用，即allow
7、 sb. in/out/up等。She didnt allow the children in until they wiped their shoes.直到孩子们把鞋擦干净，她才让他们进来。She is not allowed out after dark.天黑后，不准她出去。 典型例题 1、我的老板不允许我用电话。2、我们只许在这间屋子里抽烟。3、学生必须在老师的允许下才能外出。【考点解析】cut down意为“削减；砍倒；杀死；删减”。宾语是代词时须放在cut与down之间。【例句】There are fewer and fewer trees here. You cant cut th
8、em down. 这儿的树越来越少。你不能砍它们。【拓展词组】cut in on sb. 插嘴，打断别人 cut out 剪出，戒掉 cut short 缩短典型例题( ) The tree is dead. Please_.A. cut down it B. cut it down C. cut it out D. cut out it7. If we drop litter in a public place, we will be fined by the police. 如果在公共场合扔垃圾，我们将受到警方的惩罚。【考点解析】fine在此用作动词，意为“惩罚”。【例句】It is sa
9、id that he will b fined by the police. 据说他将受警方罚款。典型例题那男孩因盗窃受到警方的惩罚。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.【拓展】此外，fine还可用作形容词，意为“好的”。如：Im fine.典型例题今天天气多么的好啊！8. We depend on its rich resources to live, so it is important for us to protect it wisely.我们依靠它富足的资源来生存，因此我们明智地保护它是很重要的。【考点解析】depend on意为“依靠，依赖”。【例句】What does the
10、 homeless girl depend on? 那无家可归的女孩依靠什么生活？典型例题 我们不能太依赖父母。【拓展】It depends. 依情况而定，看情况。【考点解析】wisely意为“明智地；聪明地；精明地”。【例句】Even you have enough pocket money, you should spend it wisely. 即使你有足够的零花钱，你也应该明智地花费。9. These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out. 这些新类型的能源成本很小，永远不会耗尽。【考点解析】take，s
11、pend，cost和pay都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。(1) spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：spend time/money on sth.在上花费时间（金钱）I spent two hours on this maths problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间（金钱）做某事They spent two years (in) building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(2) cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下：sth. costs (sb.)金钱
12、某物花了（某人）多少钱A new computer costs a lot of money.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(doing) sth. costs (sb.)时间 某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。【注意】cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost(3) take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：It takes sb.时间to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间It took them three years to build this road.他
13、们用了三年时间修完亍这条路。doing sth. takes sb.时间 做某事花了某人多少时间Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon.他花了一下午修车。(4) pay的基本用法是：pay (sb.)money for sth.付钱（给某人）买I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.我每个月要向他们付20英镑的房租。pay for sth.付的钱I have to pay for the book lost.我不得不赔丢失的书款。pay for sb.替某人付钱Dont
14、worry! Ill pay for you.别担心！我会给你付钱的。典型例题 ( )The bike_ him about 350 yuan.A. spent B. cost C. took D. paid【考点解析】run out和run out of这两个短语都有“用完”的意思，但用法不同。run out作不及物短语，表示“被用完；被耗尽；（人）把东西用完（或花光）”，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词，而run out of则是及物短语，表示主动，其主语通常为人。【例句】My money is running out.我的钱快用完了。典型例题( )Is the time_?A.
15、run out B. running out C. running out of D. ran out10. Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference！ 记住每个人都可以做点（对保护环境）有益的事！【考点解析】make a / no/ some/ much difference to 意思是“对.有/没有/有些/有很大作用、关系、影响”。【例句】The rain did not make much difference to the game. 这场雨对比赛没有多大影响。 典型例题 翻译句子每个人都应该做对地球有益
16、的事。能力拓展一、 完成句子1一带一路对我们的生活产生了很大影响。The Belt and Road Initiative _to our life.2当你离开教室的时候不要忘了关电脑。（forget）Dont _ when you leave the classroom.3在我小的时候，那位名人的故事对我的生活产生了很大的影响。The famous persons stories _ a big _ to my life when I was young.4气温主要取决于季节和天气。The temperature mainly _ _ the seasons and the weather.
17、5太过依赖父母不利于孩子的成长。_ is not good for childrens growth.分层提分题组A 能力提升练二、完型填空Fourteen years ago, the BBCs documentary Planet Earth took us on an amazing _6_ from the rainforest to the sea. It celebrated the beauty _7_ our planet. Last year, a show called Our Planet was doing even _8_ than that. We were rea
18、lly surprised at the diversity (多样性) of life on the earth. It called on us to _9_ the earth before it was too late.“What we do in the next 20 years will decide the future for all life on the earth,” Alastair Fothergill, one of the shows makers said.Our Planet came out on April 5th, 2019. It _10_ 50
19、countries and more than 600 people spent over four years _11_ on it. The show has eight episodes (集). _12_ of them begins with a picture of the earth taken from the moon. It shows some problems that we should take _13_. It also shows that the numbers of many _14_ animals are growing with the help of
20、 the scientists. All this reminds us that _15_ we work together, it will never be too late to save our planet.6AbuildingBmountainCjourneyDcity7AwithBofCfromDfor8AmoreBfewCmuchDless9AmoveBhideCcopyDsave10AfliesBcoversCoffersDreminds11AarguingBworkingCreturningDdepending12AEachBNoneCSomeDBoth13Aheavil
21、yBeasilyCseriouslyDcompletely14AtalentedBendangeredCbraveDstrange15Abecause ofBas soon asCeven thoughDas long as三、阅读单选AScientists（科学家）are trying to make deserts（沙漠）into good land again. They want to bring water to the deserts, so people can live and grow crops. They are learning a lot about the dese
22、rts. But more and more of the earth is becoming deserts. Scientists may not be able to change the deserts. Scientists think that people make deserts. People are doing bad things to the earth.Some places on the earth dont get very much rain. But they still dont become deserts. This is because some gr
23、een plants are growing there. Small green plants and grass are very helpful to wet places. Plants dont the hot sun make the earth even drier. Plants dont let the wind blow the earth away. When a little bit of rain falls, the plants will hold the water. Without plants, the land can become a desert mu
24、ch more easily.16Why can the land become a desert?_ASome places dont get very much rain.BPlants dont let the hot sun make the earth even drier.CPeople dont protect the earth well.DScientists havent learnt enough about the deserts.17Scientists _ to make the deserts into good land again.Acarry vegetab
25、lesBgrow cropsCdo nothingDstudy a lot18Which is not true?_AScientists want to bring water to the deserts.BScientists like living in the deserts.CPeople do bad things to the earthDScientists may not be able to change the deserts.19Why are green plants and grass helpful?_AThey can hold the water.BThey
26、 can stop the wind from blowing the earth away.CThey can keep the earth wet.DAll of the above.20After reading the passage, we can learn that _.Aplants can keep dry land from becoming the desertBit is good to get rid of the grass in the desertCall places without much rain will become desertsDit is be
27、tter to grow crops on dry land than to grow grassBMost people love animals because they are useful（有用的）in many ways. They bring more fun to our life.We find many different kinds of animals on the earth. Some animals, such as leopards（豹）. wolves（狼）, snakes, tigers, pandas and foxes（狐狸）live in big for
28、ests. They are called wild animals. Most of them are dangerous. Some others like cows and dogs live with men. They are called domestic animals. Animals are important to men. Men catch wild animals for their fur and meat. Skins（皮）of foxes and crocodiles（鳄鱼）can be made into coats and shoes. People are
29、 now stopped from killing wild animals in order to protect their lives. Domestic animals can not only give men food, but also help men with some farm work. Without them life could be less fun and more difficult. People get meat from sheep and pigs. From cows, we get milk. Horses can take us to other
30、 places. On farms, animals are used to plough（犁）fields.It is clear that men cant live without animals. Lets protect animals. They are our best friends.21_ live in big forests.ALeopards and cowsBFoxes and tigersCSheep and dogsDHorses and monkeys22The underlined word “domestic” means “_” in Chinese.A野
31、生的B驯养的C濒危的D宠爱的23_ are both dangerous to us.ASnakes and wolvesBSharks and rabbitsCDeer and lions headlightsDTigers and pigs24Which of the following is NOT true?_ADomestic animals do farm work in some places.BWe should protect animals because they are our best friends.CWithout animals men cant live as
32、 happily as they do now.DFrom skins of all animals we can make coats and shoes.25What is the writer s main purpose（目的） in writing this text?_ATo tell people what domestic animals are.BTo warn people how dangerous the animals are.CTo tell people how useful the animals are.DTo call on people to protec
33、t animals.题组B 培优拔尖练26 Nowadays Chinese children are much busier on weekends than weekdays. Parents should _ the number of classes in the training school.Acut downBcut offCcut outDcut up27 The play of Shakespeare will be put on next week. Would you like to go to see it with me? Yes, Id like to.Aworri
34、ed aboutBacted outCrushed out28Its said that an airport _ in Yangzhou.Its true. Thats what we are getting excited about these days.AbuildsBwill buildCis buildingDwill be built29Try to guess its meaning when you meet a new word. Dont just _ your dictionary all the time.Alook onBcarry onCdepend onDkeep on30I didnt mean to trouble Curry yesterday. It was pouring with rain so I _ his offer of a lift.ArefusedBreceivedCallowedDaccepted