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1、贵阳市2024届高三年级摸底考试试卷英语试题本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、报名号填写在答题卡上。如需改2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本 试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1. 5分,满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段
2、对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where did the man get the book?A. From the school library. B. From his grandmother.2. Which country do the speakers probably live in?A. China.B. The U. K.3. Why does the woman want to change her booking?A. To pr
3、epare for a meeting. B. To go home earlier.4. Why didnt the man go to the dining room at lunchtime?A. He had to see a doctor.C. From the woman.C. The U. S.C. To attend a party.B. He needed to have a rest.C. He had lunch out with his daughter.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. When to d
4、o exercise.B. How to start a day,C. Where to meet friends.第二节（共15小题:每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A. B、C三个选项中their nucleus accumbens the brain9s pleasure center would light up, indicating a positive stimulation. （2007 年，来自麻省理工学院、斯坦福大学和卡梅吉梅隆大学的一组研究人员通过核磁共振成像技术对美国 消费者的大脑进行了研究，发现当他们购
5、买想要的物品时，他们的伏隔核一一大脑的快乐中心一一会亮 起，表明有积极的刺激。）”可知，本段主要介绍了一个科学发现即在2007年，研究人员发现当美国消费 者购买令人向往的物品时，他们的伏隔核一一大脑的快乐中心一一会被激活，表明有积极的刺激，即解 释了为什么普通人在购物的时候会感觉到快乐：是因为购物时，他们的伏隔核一一大脑的快乐中心一一 会被激活。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中 u Ultimately, though, treating oniomania is about much more than just protecting your finances from y
6、our own impulses - its also about maintaining your personal mental health and improving your relationships with others4然而，治疗购物狂并不仅仅是保护自己的财务免受自己的冲动影响，它还涉 及维护个人心理健康和改善与他人的关系。）”可知，治疗购物成瘾使我们的头脑保持健康。故选C。DOne recent report found that adults in the US check their phones, on average, 344 times a day-once ev
7、ery four minutes-and spend almost three hours a day on their devices in total. The problem for many of us is that one quick phone-related task leads to a quick check of our email or social media feeds, and suddenly weve been trapped into endless scrolling （刷屏）.What we do know is that the simple dist
8、raction of checking a phone or seeing a notification （提示）can have negative consequences. This isnt very surprising; we know that, in general multitasking harms memory and performance. One of the most dangerous examples is phone use while driving. One study found that merely speaking on the phone, no
9、t texting, was enough to make drivers slower to react on the road. Ifs true for everyday tasks, too. Simply hearing a notification ding” made participants of another study perform far worse on a task- almost as badly as participants who were speaking or texting on the phone during the task.In one re
10、cent study, for example, researchers asked participants to either put their phones next to them so they were visible （like on a desk）, nearby and out of sight （like in a bag or pocket）, or in another room. Participants then completed a series of tasks to test their abilities to process and remember
11、information, their problem-solving, and their focus.They were found to perform far better when their phones were in another room instead of nearby一whether visible, powered on or not. That held true even though most of the participants claimed not to be consciously thinking about their devices.Our br
12、ains may be subconsciously hard at work in preventing the desire from checking our phones, orconstantly monitoring the environment to see if we should check our phone (eg. waiting for a notification). Either way, this distracted attention can make doing anything else more difficult. The only fix，the
13、 researchers found, was putting the device in a different room entirely.12. What did the recent report in Paragraph I find?A. Multitasking is very dangerous.B. Notification is always heard.C. People are addicted to mobile phones.D. People like doing phone-related tasks.13. How is the text developed?
14、A. By making comparisons.B. By examining differences.C. By following the order of importance.D. By analyzing causes and giving examples.14. What should you do to prevent the desire of checking phones?A. Do anything more difficult.B. Use phones to do right things.C. Monitor the environment around.D.
15、Stay away from phones entirely.15. What would be the best title for the text?A. How do We Avoid the Distraction of Phones?B. Why Are People Fond of Using Mobile Phones?C. What Should We Do When Buying Mobile Phones?D. How Do We Do Research by Using Mobile Phones?【答案】12.C13. D 14. D 15. A【解析】【导语】本文是一
16、篇说明文。本文主要讲述了手机对人们注意力和表现的负面影响，以及将手机放在另一 个房间可以有效避免这种影响。同时文章提出建议将手机放在另一个房间以避免分心。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第段中 “One recent report found that adults in the US check their phones, on average, 344 times a day一once every four minutes一and spend almost three hours a day on their devices in total.(最近的一份 报告发现，美国成年人平均每天查看手
17、机344次一一每4分钟一次一一每天总共花在手机上的时间接近3 个小时。）”可知，美国成年人平均每天查看手机344次一一每4分钟一次一一每天总共花在手机上的时 间接近3个小时，即该研究报告指出人们对手机上瘾的现象。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中 “What we do know is that the simple distraction of checking a phone or seeing a notification （提示）can have negative consequences.（我们所知道的是，查看手机或看通知这样简单的分心会 产生负面后果。） 以及This
18、isn very surprising; we know that, in general multitasking harms memory and performance.（这并不奇怪；我们知道，一般来说，多任务处理会损害记忆和表现。）”可知，文章此处指 出查看手机或者看通知分心会产生负面后果，其原因在于多重任务处理会有损记忆和表现，分析了手机 产生负面影响的原因；同时根据 One of the most dangerous examples is phone use while driving. One study found that merely speaking on the ph
19、one, not texting, was enough to make drivers slower to react on the road.（最 危险的例子之一是开车时使用手机。一项研究发现，仅仅是打电话，而不是发短信，就足以让司机在路 上反应迟钝。）” 以及第三段中 “In one recent study, for example, researchers asked participants to either put their phones next to them so they were visible （like on a desk）, nearby and out of
20、 sight （like in a bag or pocket）, or in another room. Participants then completed a series of tasks to test their abilities to process and remember information, their problem-solving, and their focus.（例如，在最近的一项研究中，研究人员要求参与者要么 把手机放在身边，这样就能看到手机（比如在桌子上），要么放在附近，但看不见手机（比如在包里或口袋 里），要么放在另一个房间。然后，参与者完成了一系列任
21、务，以测试他们处理和记忆信息的能力、解决 问题的能力和注意力。）”可知，文章通过分析手机上瘾的消极影响的原因并进行列举具体事例来展开论 述的。故选Do【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 “They were found to perform far better when their phones were in another room instead of nearby一whether visible, powered on or not.（研究发现，当他们的手机放在另一个房间而不是附 近时，他们的表现要好得多无论是否可见，是否通电。）”可知，通过研究我们可以完全把手机与自 己隔离开
22、来即放在别的房间可以阻止人们看手机的欲望。故选Do【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段中引出“人们手机上瘾的现象”；第二段中讨论了手机使用的 负面影响，包括影响记忆和表现。文章引用了研究，显示即使是通知的干扰也会导致任务表现不佳。文 章第三段中还强调了一项研究发现，参与者在手机在另一个房间时表现更好，即使他们声称没有有意识 地想到他们的设备。文章第四段和第五段建议解决这个问题的唯一方法是将设备放在另一个房间里。A 选项“How do We Avoid the Distraction of Phones?（我们如何避免手机的干扰？）”概括文章主题内容，文章 全部的内容是对该问题进行
23、回答即我们可以将设备放在另一个房间里避免手机对我们造成干扰。故选Ao第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分,满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Getting along with others is all about understanding, empathy, and respect. Let me share a few tips with you. Be a good listener. 16 Show genuine interest in what they have to say and ask follow-up
24、 questions.This helps them feel valued and understood.Be open-minded. Accept that everyone is different and has their own perspectives and beliefs. Try to be understanding and tolerant, even if you disagree with someone. 17.18. Celebrate your friends9 successes and be there for them during challengi
25、ng times. Offer a helpinghand or a listening ear when needed. Showing kindness and support strengthens your bond with others and makes them feel comfortable around you.Be respectful of boundaries. Everyone has their personal space and limits. Ifs important to recognize and honor them. 19 Treat them
26、with kindness and avoid judgment.20. Discover shared hobbies, activities, or passions with your friends. Engaging in activitiestogether creates a sense of friendship and strengthens your connection. It also provides opportunities for meaningful conversations and shared experiences.Remember, building
27、 strong friendships takes time and effort. Its essential to invest in meaningful conversations, demonstrate kindness, and show genuine care for others. By following these tips, youll find it easier to get along with your friends and create lasting bonds of friendship.A. Be friendlyB. Be supportiveC.
28、 Find common interestsD. Respect others opinions, choices, and privacyE. When someone is talking, tell them about yourselfF. When someone is talking, give them your full attentionG. This creates a more harmonious atmosphere and encourages people to be themselves【答案】16.F17. G 18. B 19. D 20. C【解析】【导语
29、】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了如何与他人相处，包括倾听、开放心态、关心支持、尊重边 界和共同爱好等方面的建议。通过这些方法，可以建立强大的友谊关系。【16题详解】根据本段段旨“Be a good listener.（做一个好的倾听者。）可知，本段主要讲述的是要做一个好的倾听 者，这样能够建立强大的友谊。F选项“When someone is talking, give them your full attention （当别人说话 的时候，你要全神贯注。）”承接前文，符合语境。故选F。【17题详解】根据前文 “Try to be understanding and tolerant, ev
30、en if you disagree with someone.（试着理解和宽容，即使你 不同意别人的观点。）”可知，此处指出试着理解和宽容，不同于自己的观点，后文应该阐述该做法的结 果。G 选项 “This creates a more harmonious atmosphere and encourages people to be themselves （这仓造了 个更和谐的氛围，鼓励人们做自己。）”中this指代前文的尝试理解和宽容不同于自己的他人观点，这种 做法会创造了一个更和谐的氛围，从而鼓励人们做自己。G选项承接前文，符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】 根据后文的 “Celebra
31、te your friends, successes and be there for them during challenging times.（庆祝你朋友的 成功，在他们面临挑战的时候陪在他们身边。）”可知，本段主要强调的是在朋友成功和面临挑战的时候 都要给予他们支持。B选项“Be supportive （支持）”概括本段主要内容，同时与前文的段旨构成并列结构 即都为be动词开头的祈使句。故选B。【19题详解】根据本段段旨 “Be respectful of boundaries.（尊重界限。）”以及前文的 “Everyone has their personal space and l
32、imits. Ifs important to recognize and honor them.（每个人都有自己的个人空间和极限。认识并尊重他们 是很重要的。）”可知，此处指出尊重他人的界限和空间是非常重要的。D选项“Respect othersopinions, choices, and privacy （尊重他人的意见、选择和隐私。）”承接前文，与段旨呼应，强调尊重他人的意见、 选择和隐私。故选D。【20题详解】 根据后文的 “ Discover shared hobbies, activities, or passions with your friends. Engaging in
33、activities together creates a sense of friendship and strengthens your connection.（和你的朋友发现共同的爱好、活动或激情。一 起参加活动可以建立友谊，加强你们之间的联系。）”可知，本段强调的是与朋友之间发现并建立共同的 爱好、活动或激情，这样有助于加强你们之间的联系。C选项“Find common interests （找到共同兴 趣。）”概括本段内容。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B.C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最
34、佳选项。When it comes to my fathering lessons, few adventures compare to the motorcycle trips Ive shared with my daughter, Ewa.Our first 21 in August 2017, was a winding （蜿蜒的）ride around the Catskills and Finger Lake districts of New York state. We 22 big highways and spent the week on 23 scenic back ro
35、ads. At one point, I found myself 24 along a Catskills meadow （草土也）not far from Woodstock, keeping pace with a deer and shouting, uGo Bambi, go!”On our second day, we 25 in a small town for ice cream. I asked the woman at the picnic table next to us: Whats the 26 of this town?” Interlaken J she answ
36、ered/Where are you trying to get to?”Me: “We dont know.It 27 to me then that Id always wanted to do this no-schedule kind of trip, when you ride just for riding. Ask any middle-aged 28: Weve all dreamed about doing the Easy Rider （逍遥骑士）thing,throwing our wristwatches into the ditch and heading towar
37、d the horizon without a 29 Now, travelling with no plan became a 30 of my rides with Ewa.Since we almost 31 knew where we were going, we were almost never 32 when we arrived, pulling 33 the road at the end of each day with satisfaction. The reason to celebrate?We 34! The truth is that life on a moto
38、rbike is one close call （死里逃生）after another. On the way, ridersmust stay 35100 percent of the time. A tiny stone can be deadly. I used to be nervous, but Ewa had adifferent take: To me, motorcycling is like meditation（冥想）.”21. A. sailB. flightC. goalD. journey22. A. avoidedB.choseC. builtD. promoted
39、23. A. straightB. twistyC. mainD. broad24. A. walkingB. runningC. ridingD. laughing25. A. settledB. stoppedC. landedD. moved26. A. populationB. ruleC. nameD. position27. A. occurredB. happenedC. matteredD. referred28. A. engineerB. bicyclistC. chemistD. motorcyclist29. A. destinationB. reactionC. ex
40、plorationD. explanation30. A. courseB. benefitC. featureD. present31. A. neverB. alwaysC. completelyD. absolutely32. A. satisfiedB. disappointedC. surprisedD. frightened33. A. outB. inC. offD. down34 A. grewB. failedC. waitedD. survived35. A. silentB. smoothC. carefulD. energetic【答案】21. D 22. A 23.
41、B 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31.A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和女儿一起骑摩托车旅行的经历，他们没有具体的计划和目 的地，只是随意地骑行，享受旅途中的美景和冒险。这种旅行方式让作者感到非常满足和放松，同时也让 他意识到骑摩托车需要时刻保持警觉，因为一点小石子都可能导致危险。作者的女儿则认为骑摩托车就像 冥想一样，让人感到非常平静和放松。整篇文章强调了父女之间的亲密关系和对冒险和自由的追求。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的第一次旅行是在2017年8月，绕着纽
42、约州的卡茨基尔和芬格湖区蜿蜒 而行。A. sail航行；B. flight飞行；C.goal目标;D.journey旅程。根据后文“a winding （蜿蜒的）ride around the Catskills and Finger Lake districts of New York state.” 可知，作者和女儿的第一次骑车之旅是绕 着纽约州的卡茨基尔和芬格湖区蜿蜒而行。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们避开了高速公路，整个星期都在弯弯曲曲的风景优美的小路上度过。A.avoided避免;B. chose选择；C.built建造;D.promoted促进。根据前文“a w
43、inding （蜿蜒的）ride”和后 文spent the week on 3 scenic back roads.v可知，作者和女儿避开了高速公路，而是在在弯弯曲曲的风景优美的小路上骑行。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. straight直的；B. twisty弯曲的；C.main主要的；D. broad宽阔 的。根据前文的“a winding （蜿蜒的）ride”以及后文uscenic back roads,可知，作者和女儿整个星期都在 弯弯曲曲的风景优美的小路上度过。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我发现自己骑在距离伍德斯托克不远的卡茨基
44、尔斯草地上，跟一只 鹿保持着同样的速度,大声喊着：“加油，小芭比，加I油！ A. walking步行；B. running奔跑；C. riding 骑行；D. laughing笑。根据前文“a winding （蜿蜒的）ride”可知，作者和女儿是骑行在距离伍德斯托克不 远的卡茨基尔斯草地上。故选C。25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我们在一个小镇停下来吃冰淇淋。A. settled安定下来；B. stopped停 止；C. landed着陆；D.moved移动。根据后文“in a small town for ice cream”可知,作者和女儿停下来吃 冰淇淋。故选B。【26题详
45、解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小镇叫什么名字？ A. population人口； B.rule规则；C.name名字；D. position位置。根据后文“Interlaken”可知，作者询问的是小镇的名字。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，我一直想做这种没有日程安排的旅行，只为了骑而骑。A.occurred 发生；B. happened 发生；C. mattered 重要；D. referred 提到。根据后文 uthat Td always wanted to do this no-schedule kind of trip”可知，这是作者突然想到的内容即一直想要
46、进行这种没有时间表的旅行， 只是为了骑行而骑行，It occurred to sb. that（某人突然想到）。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：询问任何一个中年摩托车手：我们都曾经梦想过像逍遥骑士一样，把手 表扔进沟渠，朝着地平线出发，没有目的地。A. engineer工程师；B.bicyclist自行车手；Cchemist化学 家；D.motorcyclist摩托车手。根据前文作者骑摩托车之旅可知，此处指询问任何一个中年摩托车手。故 选Do【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. destination目的地；B. reaction反应；C.exploration探索；
47、D. explanation解释。根据后文utravelling with no plan”可知，现在，和Ewa 一起旅行没有计划成为了作者 的骑行特色，没有计划就意味着没有目的地。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，和Ewa一起旅行没有计划成为了我的骑行特色。A. course课程；B. benefit 好处；C. feature 特征；D. present 礼物。根据上文 “travelling with no plan” 可知，和 Ewa一起旅行 没有计划成为了作者的骑行特色。故选C。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于我们几乎从不知道我们要去哪里，所以当我们到达目
48、的地时几乎从不失 望，每天结束时满意地停在路边。A. never从不；B. always总是；C. completely完全地；D. absolutely绝 对地。根据前文 “Now, travelling with no plan became a 10 of my rides with Ewa.“可知，和 Ewa 一起旅行没有计划成为了作者的骑行特色，所以作者几乎不知道自己要去哪里。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. satisfied满意的；B. disappointed失望的；C.surprised惊讶的；D. frightened害怕的。根据后文at the end of each day with satisfaction可知，每天结束时,作者和女儿都很 满意，由此可知作者到达的时候是没有失望过的。故选B。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. out出去；B. in在里面；C.off关