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1、江淮十校2024届高三第一次联考英语试题注意事项：1 .本试卷由四个部分组成。其中第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题；第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。共10页、150分。2 .全部答案在答题卡上相应区域内完成，在本试卷上作答无效。选择题请使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题请使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答。要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。3 .请在答题卡规定的地方填写好个人信息，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码是否与本 人的信息一致。4 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上
2、。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is Pat doing?A. Surfing the Internet.B. Writing a paper.C. Making a video.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Pal, what are you doing on the Internet?M: Im searching for videos about
3、 the origins of the earth. I need to write a school paper on it this week.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the woman buy for her sister?A. A schoolbag.B. A novel.C. A headphone.【答案】c【解析】原文M: What will you buy for your sisters birthday? I wondered about a new schoolbag but shes just got a you face is n
4、ot between fasting and eating like a pig, but whether to take that extra spoonful of food. When exams are around the corner, your decision is not between quitting them and studying 24 hours a day, but whether to spend an extra hour reviewing your notes. Economists use the term marginal changes to de
5、scribe minor adjustments to an existing plan of action.In many situations, people make the best decisions by thinking at the margin. Margin means “edge”, so marginal changes are adjustments around the edges of what you are doing. Suppose, for instance, that you ask a friend for advice about how many
6、 years to stay in school. If he compares the lifestyle of a person with a Ph. D. to that of a grade school dropout, you might complain that this comparison is not helpful for your decision. You have some education already and most likely are deciding whether to spend an extra year or two in school.
7、To make this decision, you need to know the additional benefits that an extra year in school would offer (higher salaries throughout life and the pure joy of learning) and the additional costs that you would pay (tuition and the forgone salaries while you are in school). By comparing these marginal
8、benefits and marginal costs, you can evaluate whether the extra year is worthwhile.Individuals and firms can make better decisions by thinking at the margin. A rational decision-maker takes action if and only if the marginal benefit of the action exceeds the marginal cost.28. What does “fhsting” und
9、erlined in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Eating or drinking a lot.B.Eating little or no food.C. Eating on a regular basis.D.Eating without appetite.29. Why does the author give an example in Paragraph 2?A. To explain marginal thinking.B.To solve real-life problems.C To evaluate marginal thinking.D.To encourag
10、e adjustments.30. What can we infer from the text?A. It is unnecessary to make minor adjustments to plans.B. Comparison makes little sense in decision-making.C. People often weigh up benefits and costs of decisions.D. Marginal changes are controversial among individuals.31. Which of the following ca
11、n be the best title for the text?A. Marginal Thinking Leads to Better DecisionsB. Marginal Benefit Goes beyond Marginal CostC. Rational Thinkers Exist in All Aspects of LifeD. Pleasure Results from Effective Comparison【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了边际思维的定义和功能，举例说明了边际思维的意义，即它能 帮助人们在
12、日常工作、学习和生活中作出更合理的决定。【28题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第一段 u Decisions in life are rarely black and white but usually involve shades of gray. At dinner time, the decision you face is not between fasting and eating like a pig, but whether to take that extra spoonful of food. When exams are around the corner, your decis
13、ion is not between quitting them and studying 24 hours a day, but whether to spend an extra hour reviewing your notes.（生活中的决定很少是非黑即白的，但通 常都是灰色的。在晚餐时间，你面临的决定不是 还是像猪一样吃，而是是否多吃一勺食物。当考试临近时，你的决定不是放弃考试还是24小时学习，而是是否多花一个小时复习笔记。）”可推断出， fasting在此处与eating like a pig意思相反。所以应该是“节食”的意思。故选B项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中 uM
14、argin means edge9?so marginal changes are adjustments around the edges of what you are doing.（边际意味着，边缘，所以边际变化是围绕你正在做的事情的边缘进行的调整。）”以及 下文的举例 “ Suppose, for instance, that you ask a friend for advice about how many years to stay in school. If he compares the lifestyle of a person with a Ph. D. to that
15、of a grade school dropout, you might complain that this comparison is not helpful for your decision.（例如，假设你向一个朋友征求关于在学校待多少年的建议。 如果他把一个博士的生活方式和一个小学辍学的人的生活方式进行比较，你可能会抱怨这种比较对你的 决定没有帮助。）”可知，举例是为了解释说明边际变化及边际思维。故选A项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中 “By comparing these marginal benefits and marginal costs, you can ev
16、aluate whether the extra year is worthwhile.（通过比较这些边际收益和边际成本，你可以评估额外的一年是否值 得。）”和最后段 u A rational decision-maker takes action if and only if the marginal benefit of the action exceeds the marginal cost.（当且仅当行动的边际收益超过边际成本时，理性决策者才会采取行动。）”可 知，人们常常会权衡利弊，从而作出更优的选择。故选C项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。分析文章可知，第一段举例说明生活中的边际变化；
17、第二段介绍边际思维的定义及功能； 第三段阐述边际思维在实际生活中的应用和意义。再结合文章最后一段Individuals and firms can make better decisions by thinking at the margin.（个人和公司可以通过边际思维做出更好的决策）”，A项Marginal Thinking Leads to Better Decisions（边际思维带来更好的决策）符合文意。故选A项。After waking up, you may feel frustrated that you cannot recall the dreams you had las
18、t night. Artificial Intelligence (AI) may be able to help.Previously, there have been AI models that can turn texts into images. They do this by learning from a large amount of data from both texts and images. This time, researchers from Osaka University in Japan have trained an AI system called Sta
19、ble Diffusion to recreate images directly based on peoples brain scans, Science magazine reported.The researchers used an online data set provided by the University of Minnesota, which consisted of brain scans from four participants as they each viewed a set of 10, 000 photos. The scans were recorde
20、d by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The AI then learned about the participants1 brain activities by analyzing changes in blood flow shown by the fMRI data一when a part of the brain is activated, more blood will flow to it. It then matched the brain activity with the photos. Through thi
21、s method, the AI learned how human brains would react when seeing different photos. Finally, the researchers tested the AI on additional brain scans from the same participants when they viewed photos of objects.If the person looked at an airplane, for example, the AI would use the brain scan data to
22、 create an image of a very blurry (模糊的)airplane. Then, it would turn on the previous text-to-image“ model and improve the quality of the image by feeding itself the keyword airplane”. The final images were “convincing to about 80 percent accuracy, according to the researchers.The new study created a
23、 novel approach that combines texts and images to “decode the brain”. According to Ariel Goldstein from Princeton University, in the future, the technology can be used to record imagined thoughts and dreams or allow people to understand how differently other animals perceive (感矢口) reality.32. What i
24、s Stable Diffusion meant to do?A. Scan peoples brains.B. Turn texts into images.C. Use brain scans to rebuild images.D. Record relevant experimental data.33. How did the AI learn about the participants brain activities?A. By analyzing changes in blood flow.C. By comparing different brain scans.34. W
25、hat can we learn from the text?A. Dreams can hardly be forgotten by us.C. Peoples brains are affected by fMRI.B. By asking the participants questions.D. By referring to previous AI models.B. Texts and images help decode the brain.D. The AI creates clear images of objects at first.35. What does Ariel
26、 Goldstein say about the technology?A. It has been adopted in many countries.B. Its development is far from satisfactory.C. It is lacking in convincing evidence.D. Its application has a great prospect.【答案】32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家利用人工智能Stable Diffusion和fMRI技术，对脑神经信号进行解 码，帮助人们重现梦境、想
27、象或记忆画面。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 “This time, researchers from Osaka University in Japan have trained an AI system called Stable Diffusion to recreate images directly based on peoples brain scans, Science magazine reported.科学杂志报道，这一次，日本大阪大学的研究人员训练了一个名为StableDiffusion，的人工智能系 统，可以直接根据人们的大脑扫描重建图像。）”可知，Stable D
28、iffusion的功能为直接基于人脑扫描重建 图像。故选C项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 “The AI then learned about the participants1 brain activities by analyzing changes in blood flow shown by the fMRI datawhen a part of the brain is activated, more blood will flow to it.（然后, 人 工智能通过分析fMRI数据显示的血流变化来了解参与者的大脑活动当大脑的一部分被激活时，会有 更多的血液流向它。y可知
29、，通过分析实验参与者血液流动变化，AI可了解其大脑活动。故选A项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “The new study created a novel approach that combines texts and images to ,decode the brain：（这项新研究创造了一种结合文本和图像来，解码大脑，的新方法。）”可知，该项新研究 创造了一种结合文本和图像来破译大脑的新方法。故选B项。【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 “According to Ariel Goldstein from Princeton University, in the
30、future, the technology can be used to record imagined thoughts and dreams or allow people to understand how differently other animals perceive （感知I） reality.（普林斯顿大学的Ariel Goldstein表示，未来，这项技术可以用来记录 想象中的想法和梦想，或者让人们了解其他动物对现实的不同看法。）”可知，Ariel Goldstein认为这项技 术将来可应用于记录幻想和梦境，或是帮助人们了解其他动物对现实感知的差异，因此该技术具有极大 的
31、应用前景。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选How much time does it take you to sleep, eat and commute every day?36 That case, time islimited for you to do other meaningful things. Managing your time effectively, therefore, becomes a matter of critical importance. Here
32、are many things you can do.Work out a plan in advance.37 This will give you a measure of control over what is going to happen. Whether it is a planner that you stick on the wall or a calendar app on your smartphone, finding an organizing tool that works well for you is essential. Then, record all im
33、portant events such as exams, projects and rehearsals, so that you can prepare accordingly.38This is about the skill of organization. It refers to arranging your personal space at home. So when doing your homework, you are in a tidy place, free from distractions. This includes putting away your mobi
34、le phone until you have finished everything that needs to be done.Prioritize （优先考虑）what needs doing.There is only a limited amount of time in a day, and even with good planning and organization, it is not always possible to complete everything that needs to be done. In such circumstances, you will h
35、ave to decide which task should be completed first. You should classify the activities on the basis of their urgency and importance.39 Then you can focus on your objective and stick to it.Once you start taking little steps every day to plan, organize and prioritize the activities you intend to devot
36、e your energy, skills and talents to, you can spare more time to stay with family and friends, pursue a hobby or work on personal development.40 A. Create favourable conditions.B. This classification is your ultimate goal.C. Balancing them is really a challenge for you.D. This classification will he
37、lp determine your priority.E. Think about upcoming events and make a to-do list.F. These basic activities take up an enormous part of your day.G. You will end up reaping （攵获）the rewards of time management.【答案】36.F37. E 38. A 39. D 40. G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕如何管理时间而展开。【36题详解】由上文“How much time does i
38、t take you to sleep, eat and commute every day?（你每天花多少时间睡觉、吃饭 和通勤？）”可知，设空处所填的句子应该是回答前句，连接后句给出事实的结果。而F项These basic activities take up an enormous part of your day.（这些基本活动占据了你一天中很大一部分时间。）符合语境， 其中 These basic activities 和上文 sleep, eat and commute 对应。故选 F 项。【37题详解】由上文“Work out a plan in advance4提前制定一个计划
39、。）”可知，本段主要讲即提前制定计划，而本空设 在段首，旨在进一步解释副标题大意。E项Think about upcoming events and make a to-do list.（思考即将发 生的事件，并列出待办事项。）符合语境，其中make a to-do list与上文Work out a plan对应。故选E项。【38题详解】由下文 “This is about the skill of organization. It refers to arranging your personal space at home. So when doing your homework, yo
40、u are in a tidy place, free from distractions. This includes putting away your mobile phone until you have finished everything that needs to be done.（这是关于组织的技巧。它指的是在家里安排你的个 人空间。所以，当你做作业时，你在一个整洁的地方，没有分心的事情。这包括把你的手机收起来，直 到你完成了所有需要做的事情。）”可知，这段主要讲怎样创造对自己有利的条件。而A项Create favourable conditions.（创造有利条件。）符合语
41、境，其中“arranging，“a tidy place” , afree from distractionsv和 “putting away ” ,与 A 项 aCreate favourable conditions 相呼应。故选 A 项。39题详解】由上文 “You should classify the activities on the basis of their urgency and importance.（你应该根据活动的紧 迫性和重要性对其进行分类。）”以及后句“Then you can focus on your objective and stick to it.（然后
42、你可以 专注于你的目标并坚持下去。）”可知，设空处所填内容应为将活动进行分类的好处，所以D项This classification will help determine your priority.（此分类将有助于确定您的优先级。）符合语境。其中This classification 与上文 classify 对应。故选 D 项。【40题详解】由上文“Once you start taking little steps every day to plan, organize and prioritize the activities you intend to devote your ene
43、rgy, skills and talents to, you can spare more time to stay with family and friends, pursue a hobby or work on personal development.（一旦你开始每天采取一些小步骤来计划、组织和优先安排你打算投入精 力、技能和才能的活动，你就可以腾出更多的时间与家人和朋友呆在一起，追求爱好或致力于个人发 展。）”可知，这里主要讲一旦提前规划、创造环境并对所做事情进行优化排序，人们将收获时间管理带 来的好处。所以G项You will end up reaping （收获）the re
44、wards of time management .（你最终会收获时间管 理的回报。）符合语境，对上文有总结作用。故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。At a cafe in scenic Augsburg, Paul Blachut, a waiter is busy at work. Its a warm Sunday afternoon and many people have come here for 41 beside the Lech river
45、.The meltwater from the Alps means the water in the river is very 42 at this time of year, and it43 quickly. Along the S-shaped shore, people are picnicking and children are playing. Among thoseare a mother and her two daughters. They9re standing on the 44 of the riverbank, playing with aninflatable
46、 （充气的）tube. Suddenly, the girls 45 balance and fall into the river. Worse still, the girls46 hold on to the tube, which their mother is sitting in,47 her into the river, too. Now allthree are caught in the rivers current.Blachut 48 from his work when he hears someone shouting, Three people are drown
47、ing in theLech! Blachut 49 the three women a short distance away, waving their arms and trying to grabanything they can. Having taken lifesaving training courses, he hurries to the riverbank and jumps into the river. Despite the cold, what he cares about is 50 saving lives.As Blachut 51 them, he can
48、 tell the mother is in the most trouble. Blachut immediately dives under the drowning woman, lifts her upward and pushes her toward the shore.52, an onlooker is close enough to 53 the womans hand, pulling her to shore. Without 54 Blachut jumps into thecurrent again, saving the daughters in the same way he did their mother.The mother expresses her 55 appreciation for Blachut, and he is happy to see they are safe andsound.41. A. leisureB. businessC. studyD. research42. A. warmB. pureC. coldD. shallow43. A. coversB. driesC. windsD. flo