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1、【一轮复习讲义】2024年高考英语高频考点题型归纳与方法总结（新高考通用）第18讲 七选五（精讲精练）题型目录一览原词重复信息代词重复信息派生词重复信息同义重复信息反义重复信息-、知识点梳理思维导图/读先观大局知其结构，明大意总分总分总Q段落小标题、段首主题句、段尾总结概括“七选五，4步法解题流程，解题求稳递进承上启下关系* 使两个相邻段落/句子内容连贯并列递进关系not only.but also., for one thing, for another, furthermore, moreover, whats more, besides, additionally, as well (a
2、s), apart from 等/析逻辑衔接重连接词，识用途e-词汇线索判断指代，找复现代回填答案通读文章，核正误转折对比关系 but, however, yet, otherwise, by contrast, on the contrary, nevertheless 等解释例证关系 in fact, in other words, or rather, for example, for instance, namely, that is (to say) 等因果关系for, because, since, as, so, therefore, thus, hence, according
3、ly, as a result (consequence), consequently, lead to, thanks to 等时间顺序关系first, second, next, then, later, after that, afterwards, eventually 等代词线索Q it, this, that, they, these 等冠词提示q a泛指或第一次出现；the特指或上文中已经出现复现词汇复现：原词；同/近义词；反义词；同源词；同类词结构复现:some. others . /one. another.4 回归原文，核对答案段首题段尾题I段中题段尾题Tout of yo
4、ur mind and return to the conversation.Talk small to get to weightier topics.Anything is OK. 23 It is pleasurable to answer questions about yourself. So small talk is a way to let people do that J Headlee explains. Remember Yes-or-No questions dont lead the conversation far. For example, rather than
5、 asking, Are you sitting down?” You might try, “What kind of chair would you like to sit in?24If youre getting too many details, it can be easy to lose focus on the big picture. Nobody cares about the exact date or somebodys name or the movie you watched.Handle an awkward silence.You have two option
6、s. One is to let it breathe. People say all sorts of things to fill a gap in the conversation- that can lead you down a new conversation. You can also address the awkward silence. Admit it with a joke,“ Headlee says. 25 A. Stay out of the weeds.B. Mind your manners in a talk.C. Go with the flow of t
7、he conversation.D. You cant pretend like ifs not happening.E. Generally speaking, open-ended questions are preferred.F. It requires attention, something thafs in high demand these days.G. Ask people to talk about themselves and youre already off to a good start.6Accepting a job offer can be exciting
8、. 26 If we feel like we are settling, then it can also bring about a sense of frustration, anxiety, or even sadness.I have felt the sting （刺痛）of settling many times in my life. Years ago, I took a freelance （自 由职业的）role that at first, second, and third glance led to feelings of depression. What was
9、once an expanding universe of potential in my career suddenly contracted. 27 This is not why I studied mathematics or worked so hard J I complained. I felt stuck. But the job came with a bonus: business trips to a fascinating city. And once I realized that the job wasnt entirely gloomy, I started to
10、 notice other pluses I hadnt previously considered.We will all take roles at various times in our careers that do not tick all our goal boxes. We have a good reason for accepting the job offer, such as the need for a job in a certain location to keep family members together. 28 If were currently in
11、this situation, we need to shift our concept of settling. Instead of taking a role with a sense of desperation, we can think about the new skills well develop or the connections well make.We alone get to decide how to perceive an opportunity. A job is not a destiny. It is simply a step toward a dest
12、ination. We must be aware of how individual roles, even the most boring, are still useful, relevant, and beneficial. 29 Something is not happening to us; on the contrary, we are making something happen for us.30 I expect there will be other jobs that at first glance will seem like I am settling. But
13、 I will serve myself even better if I see the situation for what it is: a temporary station on the way to a fascinating and fun career.A. I need the money, so I settle.B. Oh, how I hungered for more!C. But what if the job doesnt tick all our boxes?D. And when we make this mental move, we feel strong
14、er.E. Yet we may feel that it presents too many new challenges.F. The freelance role that I settled on years ago wont be my last.G. But we may also have a sense of unease that we are giving up the ability to dream.7One of the most popular vacation destinations for young families is the home of relat
15、ives.3 Here are some tips for making sure you are invited back again.Be considerateEvery family has their own way of doing things. Keep these things in mind when youre visiting.If your host family are early to bed and early to rise, dont keep them up talking until one oclock in the morning.If your h
16、ost family gets angry about kids running wild, either plan to keep a close eye on your kids or plan to stay somewhere else. 32Offer to help outPlaying host to a family with children can be quite a challenge. Make sure you help lighten the load.33 Offer to help with cooking and cleanup. Make your bed
17、s and run to the store fbr milk. Better yet, don*t ask. Just start working.Help pay fbr foodThis may not apply, if you*re visiting parents and they insist on paying for everything and they can afford it. 34 Use your judgment when it comes to parents. However, if youre visiting cousins, it will be a
18、great help to them if you buy your share of the food.Show your appreciationNo matter whom you are visiting, make sure you let them know you appreciate their hospitality（盛 情招待）.35Or leave some fresh flowers when you leave. If you don*t have enoughmoney, write them a letter, letting them know how much
19、 fun you had and how much you appreciate them.A. Don*t expect your hosts to supply your every need.B. Offer to take them out to dinner on your last night in town.C. Make sure you dont leave your things behind while visiting a family.D. In that case you may hurt your parents if you insist on paying f
20、or food.E. Try not to disturb someone who is in the middle of exams.F. Staying with relatives is a great way to save money while getting away from home fbr a while.G. Having a talk with your children about expected behavior while visiting is always a good idea.8Dos and Donats of Backyard Archaeology
21、Imagine that you are a detective at the scene of a crime. What you find is confusion. Evidence has been moved, stepped on, broken. You even suspect that someone took crucial items as souvenirs! This would make your job much more difficult, right? It might even make it impossible to solve the case.36
22、 We study clues left by people long ago and learn a lot about them: their culture, their environment, where they came from, and where they went. Anything made or modified by people is an artifact. As such, they are part of the archaeological record. These clues add to the great puzzle of history-our
23、 history.Archaeological sites are important to our cultural heritage. Laws protect them against damage by neglect, vandalism, or looters. （Looters take artifacts to keep or sell.） Laws also help preserve sites on public land. 37 This is true except in cases where human bones are found. Special laws
24、regulate what can be done with human remains.What if you find an artifactmaybe an arrowhead, a piece of pottery, or an old cowboy spur-in your backyard? 38 Write down anything you notice. Is it on the surface or was it buried? Is the ground disturbed by construction or digging? Are there other artif
25、acts nearby? Take pictures. Every detail can help explain the artifact and maybe even reveal who left it behind.39 What is the local Native American tribe? Was there an old colonial or western town nearby? Were battles fought in your area in the Revolution or the Civil War?Then contact your states h
26、istoric preservation officer or an archaeologist at a nearby college or university. These experts can help explain what you found. 40 A. If possible, leave it in place.B. Archaeologists are like detective.C. So keep these Dos and Donts in mind!D. Also investigate the history of where you live.E. Pre
27、serve the artifact you find in your backyard.F. It just might be a missing piece in historys grand puzzle!G. But private landowners have the rights to their own property.9Water jogging is a workout method where people get into the water and copy the movement of jogging. This workout routine relies o
28、n the resistance of moving inside water to build up muscles and increase endurance （耐力）.4 This is because it is considered very effectiveat burning food energy.When people attempt this workout method, it is usually important to be floating in the water at a depth that doesnt allow the feet to touch.
29、 The tenseness of the body while doing the exercise can make it difficult to remain floating, so most people use some tools. The main devices are belts that keep people floating at an exact depth so that they are submerged （淹没）shoulder level.Water jogging can potentially be useful for almost anybody
30、, but many of the people who try this exercise method are attempting to recover from injuries. It is considered particularly good in this situation fbr a lot of reasons. 43 Being removed from the effects of gravity can allow fbr movements that dont put as much strain on the body, especially in the j
31、oints.44 For example, some movements have increased resistance underwater, including any movements of the arms. When running on the ground, there is no significant resistance against the arms, but water jogging can potentially allow a person to build up muscles in that area.Sometimes water jogging c
32、an be very difficult fbr people who are just starting out. 45 To deal with the issue of boredom, some people may find ways to change the workout by mixing in different levels of intensity （强度）.This can potentially decrease the sense of boredom.A. The water has other potential benefits as well.B. We
33、all hope to have the ability to float easily in the water.C. Some find the exercise doesnt hold their attention very well.D. When people are floating in water, they are generally weightless.E. Many people also believe that water jogging is a good way to lose weight.F. It requires access to a pool de
34、ep enough to run without touching the bottom.G. People also often wear special shoes that increase the resistance of the water.10After his father was sent to the hospital, Desouvre fell into a great anxiety. So he did the one thing to calm himself: He wrote. Over the next few weeks, Desouvre filled
35、several notebooks, writing about his worry as well as his happy memories with his dad. 46 It is referred to as expressive writing. People who do this, recording their deepest thoughts and feelings, often show mental and physical health.Expressive writing works because it allows you to make meaning o
36、ut of a painful experience. Recognizing that something is bothering you is an important first step. 47 It allows you to take careful thought and keep a sense of control.48 The more you avoid a problem, the more trouble you will have with it. Thats because you create a circle of fear and anxiety, whi
37、ch increases negative emotions. Of course, to face emotion is more than thinking or talking about it, which can lead you to get lost in your emotions. On the contrary, writing can discourage the neural （神经的）instant activity in the threat area of the brain. 49Expressive writing can result in lower de
38、pressive symptoms （症状），greater positive mood, and a good appreciation for life. Dont worry about spelling or grammar, and dont share your writing with anyone. 50 The goal of the expressive writing is to find a true meaning in an unsettling event.A. Writing causes your anxiety.B. But do dig deep into
39、 your feelings.C. Expressive writing has become a popular major.D. It forces you to avoid getting lost in your emotions.E. Writing such a difficult situation helped him to face his fear.F. Expressive writing is powerful for the people unwilling to face emotions.G. And then translating it into words
40、leads you to organize your thoughts.通读全文,把捉UK文章标题,主膻句,苒尾杈 国第标剧.行用句M谟七通hMvJt略边说边做,分类突破股第内部过渡句或做臭型1过It句（闭4J”.八1段篇之时过渡句国中闽谟后文,抓住线索信号词,修定并外,建谖.X折、内里等关系修党校兄巧读前文.偎定。兼词或线索S号词.注窟V下一国开头的高接关系极心方法巧抓线*信号词收并列 and; or; for onr thing for another&讲讲 whatrs tiMMet moreover我转折 but| instead| Otherwiarf bowncvef及因里 the
41、refore； thus； as a result; in coo sequence代词通过代词在句中所作的成分和它的单亚数形式断它指代的成分*定答意义相关词原M复现,同义词,近义词.反义词,同“词 k网词why； wJufe; bow代人答案，M读位*一森所疏答案代人文中,重点梅，遗就支泰,而有无的道植冲突位置解题法句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种 挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维 能力。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：Tips for doing gap-filling段首题-【七选
42、五一 SO一段中题承上启Jr（关键词小标通r - Mt therefore, as a result. 标 I in short-idea, plan, d” suggestions siep$wa)M2逅义词1月叔河、4代涧飞逻辑关系1网知2 9fffK1因桌关事4总分关尾.挖空位置1逻辑关系;具体解读段首题:主旨句:常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。承上启下句此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。段中题例证关系前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样 性，思维过程基本是归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从观点到例子）。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：for example,
43、 for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words/that is to say 等。转折关系若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能表示转 折。表示转折关系的标志词语有：but, however, yet, while/though/although, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless（然而），still, in contrast/comparison, by comparison 等。因果关系表示因果关系的标志词语有：so,
44、 therefore, thus, consequently(结 果),as a result (of), so/such .thatso that ,等。递进关系若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是 个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, likewise, similarly, whats more, whafs worse, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not . but .，not only but
45、 also 等。并列关系表示并列关系的标志词语有：and, first(ly), second(ly); first, then/next; to begin with, some . others fbr one thing, fbr another thing; then/next, finally/last 等。段尾题总结句用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。承上启下句此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。例子1 40If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick
46、to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices. A. You will stick to your diet.B. Your quality of sleep improves.C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.D. There is no reason you should
47、 exercise in the morning.E. You can keep your head clear for 4 10 hours after exercise.F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or youre doing it now, then listen up!例子2Your metabolism （新陈代谢）gets a head start. 38_ If you
48、 work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie （卡路里）burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep. A. You will stick to your diet.B. Your quality of sleep improves.C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.E. You can keep your head clear for 4 -10 hours after exercise.F. After y