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1、Lesson 10“泰坦尼克”号的沉没The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912.巨轮“泰坦尼克”号1912年4月10日从南安普敦起锚驶向纽约。She was carrying 1,316 passengers and a crew of 891.船上载有1,316名乘客与891名船员。Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship.却使用现代标准来衡量，45,000吨的“泰坦尼克”号与
2、算得上一艘巨轮了。At that time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, 当时，这艘轮船不仅是造船史上建造的最大的一艘船， but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.而且也被认为是不会沉没的。因为船由16个密封舱组成，Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float.即使有两个舱进水，仍可漂浮
3、的水面上。The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.然而，这艘巨轮首航就下沉，造成大批人员死亡。人们将永远记着这艘巨轮的沉没惨剧。Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic,“泰坦尼克”起航后的第4天，它正行驶在北大西洋冰冷
4、的海面上。a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout.突然，了望员发现一座冰山。After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision.警报响过不久，巨轮急转弯，以避免与冰山正面相撞。The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water bes
5、ide her.“泰坦尼克”这个弯拐得及时，紧贴着高出海面100英尺的巨大的冰墙擦过去。Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened.突然，从船舱下部传来一声微颤音，船长走下船舱去查看究竟。The noise had been so faint that no one though that the ship had been damaged.由于这个声音非常轻，没人会想到船身已遭损坏。Below, the captain r
6、ealized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, 在下面，船长惊恐的地发现“泰坦尼克”号正在急速下沉， for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! 16个密封舱已有5个进水。The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water.于是，他发出弃船的命令，几百人跳进了冰冷刺骨的海水里。As there were
7、 not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.由于没有足够的救生艇运载所有乘客，结果，1,500人丧生。笔记New words and expression 生词和短语Southampton n.南安普敦(英国港市)Colossal adj.庞大的 (=large in size)- A ship Titanic was colossal.- A colossal monument / A colossal statue big- You give me a big surprise.- He is a big perso
8、n.（重要）- The box is big. （large and heavy）large （体积大、数量大）- an empty large box （体积大）/ a large number of people （数量大） great （伟大）vast （辽阔、广阔）一 vast desert immense （adj.极广大的,无边的）- immense = immeasurable 不可测量的 （measurable adj.可测量的）- an immense stadium / an immense icebergenormous （重点突出数量、程度、体积）一强调程度时比big语
9、气 且更正式。- We had an enormous lunch.- -He made a big success. / He made an enormous success.Giant （n.巨人，大力士 adj.庞大的，巨大的）=gigantic （adj.巨人般的，巨大的）- a giant persontremendous （= big fast、powerful）- The plane is travelling at tremendous speed.Titanic （用于修饰人和物、体积大、力量大）- The ship is titanic.Huge- 强调体积大a huge
10、 stone / 数量巨大a huge sum of moneywatertight adj.不漏水的 （一 a watertight ship）watertight （引申为无限可击的、毫无破绽的）-watertight arguments无懈可击的论点/ watertight excuse毫无破绽的借口water proof （adj.防水的）proof （adj.不能透入的）-waterproof watch 防水手表 / waterproof coat 防水雨衣 compartment n.（轮船的）密封舱flood v.充满水（=be filled with water）-The s
11、hip is flooded.-The room was flooded with moonlight.-Our classroom is flooded with sunshine.Flood n.洪水（-in flood洪水泛滥）-During the rains, the river is in flood引申表示连续不断的、滔滔不绝的（-in a flood of words ）-She blamed her husband in a flood of words on seeing him.Float v.漂浮，飘浮=drift （vi,vt漂浮漂荡,漂流n.漂流物,漂流）tragi
12、c adj,悲，惨的 （=unfortunate） - a tragic accidentmiserable （adj.痛苦的,悲惨的）bitter adj.痛苦的tragedy n.悲剧惨案（-in tragedy以悲剧形式）-The holiday ended in tragedy.Comedy n.喜剧comic adj.喜剧的，滑稽的comical adj.古怪的，可笑的（含有贬义）liner n.班船voyage n.航行（海上航行）/ flight飞行/ journey长途行程-The voyage is more than the old lady can bear.naviga
13、tion航海，航行学,航海航空术-navigation light夜航灯光，导航灯Iceberg n.冰山lookout n. 了望员collision n.碰撞collide vi碰撞,抵触-The plane collided with the mountain.crash v.坠毁-It is said that there is an airplane that crashed in the mountains.conflict vi.和某事（某人）相抵触-My idea conflicts with yours.clash vi.相冲突-His wedding clashed wit
14、h my examination, so I couldnt go.Narrowly adv.刚刚，勉强地miss v.避开slight adj.轻微的tremble v.震颤（有规律的、小幅度的抖动）-Look, your hands are trembling. whats wrong with you?Shiver v.强调由于寒冷、惧怕而一连串地抖动-I found hes shivering in a cold.shudder vi ,强调全身的颤栗-The boy is shuddering, why? Because he was frightened.Faint adj.微弱的
15、（=weak adj.弱的，虚弱的）-faint sound, weak sound / weak voice, faint voice=unconscious （adj.失去知觉，无意识的）-He has been faint for a long time.slight adj.轻微的,微不足道的-a slight headache点轻微的头疼/ a slight book 一本微不足道的书horror n.恐惧abandon v.抛弃（因为某事而被迫放弃自己喜爱的事物）-He abandoned his research because of the war.desert （vt.放弃,
16、遗弃,离弃）-desert the army / desert the duty / desert his family plunge v.投入，跳入 （=jump or rush suddenly and wildly）-He got so angry that he plunge into the water.-When the ship Titanic sank in the ocean, a large number of people plunged into. jump （侧重强调快速地跳）-The boy is jumping up and down.Leap vt.跳跃,跳越（
17、一 He leapt out of the sleeping bad.）Dive vi.潜水，跳水，下潜，俯冲lifeboat n.救生船passenger n.乘客,旅客crew n.全体人员ton n.吨,大量，许多unsinkable adj.不会下沉的，不会沉底的sinking n.沉没Atlantic n.大西洋adj.大西洋的Alarm n.警报Sharply adj.突然地，急剧地，强烈地，尖锐地Direct adj.直接的，笔直的Trembling adj,发抖的，震颤的，颤抖的n.发抖，震颤Text课文What would have happened if only two
18、of the sixteen water-tight compartments had been flooded?The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912.The great ship, Titanic, sailed for.背景介绍sail for-航海去往某处set out for / set off for 出发去往某处leave for / head for / make for 出发去往某处-He will set out for the Atlantic.-T
19、he plane is making for the airport.-We are heading for Canada.She was carrying 1,316 passengers and a crew of 891.She was carrying. （carry 表示载有）a crew of 一组人员Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship.modern standards现代的标准by = according to 表示依据- by regulation 依据规则（regulatio
20、n n.规则，规章）- by rules依据条例（rule n.规则，惯例）-by our estimate依据我们的估计（estimate n.估计，估价，评估v.估计，估价，评估）-by ones looks = by ones appearance 根据某人的长相 （appearance n.夕卜貌， 出现） according to-依据（事实、课文等客观存在的现实）-according to the fact 依据事实-according to the Text课文 依据这篇课文in accordance with = according toin accordance with依据
21、（法律等），更加正式-in accordance with law / in accordance with rulesin my opinion在我看来At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.At that time 在当时not only. but（also）.不仅,而且be regarded as = be cons
22、idered to be = be thought of as 把看作为口语中：regard sb./sth. As + （n./porn./adj./doing/done）-I regard his idea as totally unacceptable, （adj.无法接受的，不受欢迎的）-We cant regard the matter as settled, （adj,定下的，决定的）for表示原因Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float.be able to强调有能力The tragic
23、 sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.be remembered 被永远记住 （always adv.永远,始终，总是） go down = sinkon her first voyage 处女航,首航with heavy loss of life损失惨重，造成大批人员的死亡Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing acro
24、ss the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout.four days after setting out. = four days after setting off.spotted = discoveredicy （adj.冰冷的,冷淡的，盖着冰的）waters （n.水域,海域）After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision.the al
25、arm had been given 发出警报to avoid.不定式表目的The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.Just in time 很及时Missing-现在分词做状语，对主句的补充说明which 指代 the immense wall of iceSuddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and th
26、e captain went down to see what had happened.from below 从下方 / from above 从上方The noise had been so faint that no one though that the ship had been damaged.So faint that no one thought that. （so.that）Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixtee
27、n watertight compartments had already been flooded!to ones horror使某人感到惊恐to ones surprise使某人感到惊讶The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water.The order was given命令被下达/ to abandon ship弃船（不定式做定语）-be able to do sth 能够做某事/ the ability to do sth 做某事的能力-order sb to d
28、o sth 命令某人做某事/ the order to do sth 做某事的命令-be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事 / capability of doing sth 做某事的能力 ability （n.能力、才干）capable （adj.有能力的，能干的，有可能的）capability （n.能力，才能，才干）As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.As = becauseSpecial difficulties 难点1动词后加l-er如果是以不发音的e结尾
29、的，只加r （表示行为的主动者，做某事的人）。work worker / teachteacher / writewriter / readreadermurder （vt.谋杀，凶杀） murderer （n.杀人犯，凶手）2动词、名词后加ist （表示某种主义信仰者，从事某种职业、研究的人。）Copy copyist （n.抄写员,模仿者）type typist （n.打字员）novel （n.小说,长篇故事）novelist （n.小说作家）drug （n.药）druggist （n.药商,药剂师）tobacco （n.烟草,烟草制品）tobacconist （n.烟草商，烟店）3形容词
30、后加-ness （抽象名词，表示一种性质、情况、状态）kind kindness （n.仁慈，亲切,好意，善意）bitter bitterness （n.苦味, 辛酸， 苦难）happy happiness （n.幸福，快乐）一以结尾要变y为i加ness.willing （adj.乐意的,自愿的）willingness （n.自动自发，积极肯干）4某些动词后加-ion,构成名词。Suggest suggestionpossess （vt.占有,拥有,持有）possession （n.拥有，占有）collect collection （n.收藏，搜集品）以-te结尾的动词，把不发音的-e去掉，在
31、加-ion.Translate （vt.翻译，解释,转化）translation （n.翻译,译文，转化）complete completion （n.完成）graduate （v.（使）（大学）毕业）graduation （n.毕业，毕业典礼）某些以-aim/-ain结尾的动词、把-i去掉，在加-ation.Explain （v.解释,说明）explanation （n.解释,解说，说明）Exclaim （v.呼喊，惊叫，大声叫）exclamation （n.惊叫，喊叫）5 （以-able/-ible结尾的）形容词之后加-ity变成（以-ability/-ibility结尾的）抽象名词（表示
32、性质、状态）able abilityprobable （adj.很可能的，大概的）probability （n.可能性，或然性,概率）possible （adj.可能的）possibility （n.可能性,可能发生的事物）mobile （adj,可移动的，机动的）mobility （n.活动性,灵活性,机动性）Exercise：Violin （n.小提琴）violinist （n.小提琴演奏者，小提琴家）Responsible （adj.有责任的，可靠的）responsibility （n.责任，职责）Careless （adj.粗心的，疏忽的） carelessness1 physics
33、（n.物理学）physicist （n.物理学者，唯物论者）2 mine （n.矿 v.开采, 开矿） miner （n.矿工）3 human （n.人类 adj.人类的）humanity （n.人性，人类）4 impress （vt.留下印象）impression （n.印象，感想）-make a good impression5 original （adj,最初的,原始的）originality （n创意,创造性）Multiple choice questions 多项选择1.1. D maiden （n.少女，处女adj.未婚的，纯洁的，处女的）-on her first = maide
34、n voyage 首航，处女版2C course （n.过程,路线，课程）-steep （adj,陡峭的,险峻的）steeply （adv.险峻地）3. A4.1. B on board her （her 指代的是 the great ship）-on board the plane 在飞机上 一 on board the train 在火车上一 on board the ship 在轮船上5. D表示下沉的可能性6- D 有了 “段时间 four days,所以用过去完成进行时。7. Bso位于句首，句子必须倒装。8. D9. A veer （vi.转向 vt,使转向）=turn10. C just in time = with no time to spare 躲得很及时in next to no time = at once = immediatelyon a sudden impulse凭一时的冲动（impulse n.冲动，推动，刺激）11. B重点在于下去调查investigate （v.调查，研究）examine （v.检查，调查）12. Aroom （n.空间）volume （ru容量，容积）area （n.范围,区域,地区）place （n.地方,地点）