《新概念英语第三册Lesson42课堂笔记.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《新概念英语第三册Lesson42课堂笔记.docx（5页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、Lesson 42 Modern cavemenListen to the tape then answer the question below.With what does the writer compare the Gouffre Berger?Cave exploration, or pot-holing, as it has come to be known, is a relatively new sport. Perhaps it is the desire for solitude or the chance of making an unexpected discovery
2、 that lures people down to the depths of the earth. It is impossible to give a satisfactory explanation for a pot-holers motives. For him, caves have the same peculiar fascination which high mountains have for the climber. They arouse instincts which can only be dimly understood.Exploring really dee
3、p caves is not a task for the Sunday afternoon rambler. Such undertakings require the precise planning and foresight of military operations. It can take as long as eight days to rig up rope ladders and to establish supply bases before a descent can be made into a very deep cave. Precautions of thiss
4、ort are necessary, for it is impossible to foretell the exact nature of the difficulties which will confront the pot-holer. The deepest known cave in the world is the Gouffre Berger near Grenoble. It extends to a depth of 3, 723 feet. This immense chasm has been formed by an underground stream which
5、 has tunnelled a course through a flaw in the rocks. The entrance to the cave is on a plateau in the Dauphine Alps. As it is only six feet across, it is barely noticeable. The cave might never have been discovered had not the entrance been spotted by the distinguished French pot-holer, Berger. Since
6、 its discovery, it has become a sort of potholers Everest. Though a number of descents have been made, much of it still remains to be explored.A team of pot-holers recently went down the Gouffre Berger. After entering the narrow gap on the plateau, they climbed down the steep sides of the, cave unti
7、l they came to a narrow corridor. They had to edge their way along this, sometimes wading across shallow streams, or swimming across deep pools. Suddenlythey came to a waterfall which dropped into an underground lake at the bottom of the cave. They plunged into the lake, and after loading their gear
8、 on an inflatable rubber dinghy, let the current carry them to the other side. To protect themselves from the icy water, they had to wear special rubber suits. At the far end of the. lake, they came to huge piles of rubble which had been washed up by the water. In this part of the cave, they could h
9、ear an insistent booming sound which they found was caused by a small waterspout shooting down into a pool from the roof of the cave. Squeezing through a cleft in the rocks, the pot-holers arrived at an enormous cavern, the size of a huge concert hall. After switching on powerful arc lights, they sa
10、w great stalagmites - some of them over forty feet high - rising up like tree-trunks to meet the stalactites suspended from the roof. Round about, piles of limestone glistened in all the colours of the rainbow. In the eerie silence of the cavern, the only sound that could be heard was made by water
11、which dripped continuously from thehigh dome above them. New Words and Expressions caveman /keeivmaen/n. （远古）洞穴人 wade /weid/v.涉水，踵水 pot-holing /pot-hauliij/n.洞穴探险，洞穴探险运动 waterfall /wo:taf3：/n.瀑布gear/gia/ n. 一套用具solitude /solitju:d/ n.孤独，寂寞inflatable/infleitabal/adj.可充气的lure/lua/v.引诱，诱惑rubble /rAbel/
12、n.碎瓦，瓦块pot-holer /pot-hauh/n.洞穴探险者insistent/insistant/adj.连续的，不断的rambler/raembla/n.漫步者，散步者boom /bu:m/v. 轰响undertaking /AndSteikiij/n.任务，工作waterspout /wo:taspaut/n.强大的水柱foresight /fo:sait/ n.预见；深谋远虑cleft/kleft/n.裂隙，开口foretell/fo:tel/(foretold/fo:t3uld/,foretold)v.预言cavern /kaevan/n. 大洞穴stalagmite /st
13、aehgmait/n. 石笋Grenoble /grinaubl/n.格里诺布尔stalactite /staelaktait/n.钟乳石chasm /kaezam/n.断层，裂口，陷坑limestone /laimsteun/n.石灰石flaw /fb:/n.小裂缝glisten /glison/v.闪烁distinguished /distiggwijt/adj.杰出的，著名的eerie/iari/adj.引起恐惧的，可怕的Everest /evarist/n.珠穆朗玛峰dome /daum/n.穹窿，圆顶Notes on the textl.as it has come to be kn
14、own,正如已逐渐为人所了解的那样，此处作插入语。1.1 t is the desire* or the chance- that这是强调句式,被强调的部分是句子的 主语 the desire or the chance-3 .rigup,装配，搭起。4 .Grenoble,格里诺布尔，是法国东南部伊泽尔河上的一座大城镇，尤以它的大 学而著称。5 .The cave might never have been discovered had not the entrance been spotted by如果不是偶然发现这个洞口的话，这个洞也许永远不会为人所知。这是 表示与过去事实不相符的虚拟语
15、气结构，句中的非真实条件句had not the entrance been spotted by由于省略了 if,因此要用倒装句式。6 .edge ones way,此处作“侧身徐徐向前移动”讲。7 .which they found was causedof the cave.which was causedof the cave是定语从句，修饰sound; they found此处作插入 语。shooting down- of the cave是现在分词短语作定语，修饰 waterspouto 参考译文现代洞穴人洞穴勘查一一或洞穴勘探一一是一项比较新的体育活动。寻求独居独处的愿望或 寻求
16、意外发现机会的欲望吸引着人们来到地下深处。要想对洞穴探险者的动机作 出满意的解释是不可能的。对洞穴探险者来说，洞穴有一种特殊的魅力，就像高 山对于登山者有特殊的魅力一样。为什么洞穴能引发人的那种探险本能，人们对 此只能有一种模模糊糊的理解。探测非常深的洞穴不是那些在星期日下午漫步的人所能胜任的。这种活动需要有 军事行动般的周密布署和预见能力。有时需要花费整整8天时间来搭起绳梯，建 立供应基地，然后才能下到一个很深的洞穴里。作出这样的准备是必要的，因为 无法预见到洞穴探险者究竟会遇到什么性质的困难。世界上最深的洞穴是格里诺 布尔附近的高弗伯杰洞，深达3, 723英尺。这个深邃的洞穴是由一条地下暗
17、 泉冲刷岩石中的缝隙并使之慢慢变大而形成的。此洞的洞口在丹芬阿尔卑斯山的 高原上，仅6英尺宽，很难被人发现。若不是法国著名洞穴探险家伯杰由于偶然 的机会发现了这个洞口的话，这个洞也许永远不会为人所知。自从被发现以后, 这个洞成了洞穴探险者的珠穆朗玛峰，人们多次进入洞内探险，但至今尚有不少 东西有待勘探。最近，一队洞穴探险者下到了高弗伯杰洞里。他们从高原上的窄缝进去，顺着 笔直陡峭的洞壁往下爬，来到了一条狭窄的走廊上。他们不得不侧着身子往前走, 有时踵过浅溪，有时游过深潭。突然，他们来到一道瀑布前，那瀑布奔泻而下, 注入洞底一处地下湖里。他们跳入湖中，把各种器具装上一只充气橡皮艇，听任 水流将他
18、们带往对岸。湖水冰冷刺骨，他们必须穿上一种特制的橡皮服以保护自 己。在湖的尽头，他们见到一大堆一大堆由湖水冲刷上岸的碎石。在这儿，他们 可以听见一种连续不断的轰鸣声。后来他们发现这是由山洞顶部的一个小孔里喷 出的水柱跌落到水潭中时发出的声音。洞穴探险者从岩石缝里挤身过去，来到一 个巨大的洞里，其大小相当于一个音乐厅。他们打开强力弧光灯，看见一株株巨 大的石笋，有的高达40英尺，像树干似地向上长着，与洞顶悬挂下来的钟乳石 相接。周围是一堆堆石灰石，像彩虹一样闪闪发光。洞里有一种可怕的寂静，唯 一可以听见的声响是高高的圆顶上不间断地滴水的嘀嗒声。语法 Grammar in usehave +名词代
19、替普通动词在第18课的语法中，我们学习了完全动词have的一些用法，知道它既可以表示 “具有”、“拥有”，又可以表示eat, drink, enjoy, take等含义：I have（got） a new car.我有辆新汽车。Have a good time!祝你（们）玩得开心！have的另一种用法是have+名词代替普通动词表示“完成该动作”：类似的动词还有 dance, fight, look, rest, ride, talk, sleep, swim, wash 等。一般完全 动词的用法也适用于have：Jim and I have just had a long talk.我和吉姆
20、刚进行过一次长谈。I must have a wash before lunch.午饭前我得洗一洗。（情态动词+have）I had two dances with Lucy.我和露西跳了两次舞。（可用复数形式）词汇学习Word study1 . market n.（1）市场，集市：We had a long walk through one of the markets of Old Delhi.我们穿过旧德里的一个市场时走了很长一段路。I just came from a fruit market.我刚从一个水果市场来。（2）（商品的）市场，销路，需求：The foreign market
21、s for apples this year are not as good as last year.今年苹果的海外市场不如去年。Can you find a market for these shoes?你能给这些鞋找到销子吗？2 .动词pick的一些短语（1） pick up有许多含义。它既可以表示“拿起”、“捡起”，也可以表示“意 外地找到”、“（偶然地）学会”、“开车去接”等：He picked up a long pipe which was covered with coins.他拿起了一个长长的、上面镶有硬币的管乐器。Tommy picked up two small coin
22、s and swallowed them.汤米捡起两枚小硬币并把它们吞了下去。The bicycle was picked up in a small village.那辆自行车是在一个小村子里发现的。（意外地找到）Didnt you pick up any Chinese while you were in China?你在中国期间没学会几句汉语吗？Where shall I pick you up, at your office or at your house?我去哪里接你，你办公室还是你家？Pick me up at 8 oclock.8点钟开车来接我。（2） pick out可以表示
23、“挑出”、“选出”、“辨认出”等含义：Look at these photos and see if you can pick out my mother.仔细看这些相片，看看（你）能否认出我母亲。The thief was picked out by several people.几个人认出了那个小偷。When I went to the bookshop yesterday, I picked out two of the books which I needed most.昨天我去书店时，买/挑了两本我最需要的书。课堂笔记have a walk/rest/lockhave a +名词，这
24、个名词可以与动词同行的have a swim/bathhave a bath = bathe, have a swim = swimhave a walk = walkhave a look = lookhave a rest = resthave a +名词=动词一个动词的后面加介词（如果这个动词是不及物动词），这个动词后面加什么样的介词，名词也可以加什么样的介词look athave a look at； walk across have a walk acrosssucceed in doing sth be successful in succeed into放在一个句子的后面起目的作
25、用at the other side ofbe vovered with：盖满play a tune (可数名词)tune,可数名词；music,不可数名词have a (first) glimpse ofat the first sighti love you at the first sight of yourise：升，viraise：提高，vtfollow the movements of the pipeobviously更习惯放句首pick：采摘，pick applespick up拣起pick sb up：接某人(顺路)，meet sb +地点,专程接pick up a lot
26、of english = learn a lot of englishpick out：挑出来pick up the radio program (the program on the radio) 在广播上收听节目by doing通过做某事，通过某种方式by train乘火车by the river沿着河边be the end of到时候为止i show him my respect by sending him flowersso as to为了，表示目的t。不定式做状语表目的in order在秩序中，有秩序的，有次序的，整洁的，整齐的keep your room in orderin order to+v 为了in order that+从句： 为了might not可能不may not可能不must not 不准be not able to 不可能have an effect on 对有效果grow up成长