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1、牛津译林版八上Unitl friends Grammar-Task 知识点Grammar语法:比较级和最高级概念:首先,要明确的是,谁会变化比较级和最高级?是形容词和副词。形容词 通常是我们所说的,表示修饰或描写名词或者代词,表示人或者事物的性质,状 态,特征或属性,常用作定语,也可以表语或者补语。总结一下,就是形容词+ 名词,或者be动词+形容词。副词是在句子中表示行为或者状态特性的词,用以修饰动词,形容词,其他副 词或者全句,表示时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。总结一下,常用是副词修饰 动词。比较级:表示俩者的比较。高级:用于三者以及三者以上。比较级和最高级的变化规则:单音节和部分双音节:1
2、 .大多数词后加er或者est.E.g. great-greater-greatest ,near-nearer-nearest, young-younger-youngest2 .以字母e结尾的直接加r或者stE.g. large-larger-largest, late-later-latest3 .以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加r或者stE.g. hot-hotter-hottest, thin-thinner-thinnest4 .以辅音字母加y结尾的词语,去掉y,再加ier或者iestE.g. early-earlier-earliest, busy-bu
3、sier-busiest多音节和部分双音节在前面加 more或者mostE. g. beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful常见的形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化good -better-best well-better-best bad-worse-worst ill-worse-worst many-more-most much-more-most little-less-least形容词比较级常见于以下句式:1 .通常情况下,我们用“比较级+than (比)”来引出比较的第二部分。如: This picture is more beautiful t
4、han that one.这幅画比那幅画更漂亮。2我们用“Which +比较级,or?的句型来表示在两者中选择。如:Which is bigger, the sun or the moon?太阳和月亮,哪个更大?3 .我们可在比较级前加上abita loLmuch,even#ar等词来表示程度,来修饰比较级。如:China is much larger than Japan.中国比自本大得多。4 .我们用“比较级+and+比较级的结构来表示人或事物本身程度的改变,意思是 “越来越.如:The boys are stronger and stronger 男孩子们越来越强壮了。It is mor
5、e and more beautiful.它越来越漂亮。5 .用the+比较级,the+比较级,也表示“越来越,如:the more,the better 越多越好The harder he works, the better he will be.他越努力,他会越好。6 .any other +名词单数 the other +名词复数区分:He is taller than any other student in his class.He is taller than the other students in his class.He is taller than any girl in
6、 his class.形容词最高级常见于以下句式:L我们用形容词性物主代词+最高级的结构来表示某人或事物的最如:Peter is his oldest son,彼得是他的长子。注意:此时形容词的最高级前不需要定冠词the.2 .我们用“the+最高级+比较范围的结构来表示在某一范围内“最叱介词of和among后面接表示范围的人或物即后面接表示范围的名词或名词性短语。如:I am the tallest of/among the three.我是三个人中最高的。Russia is the largest country in the world. 俄罗斯是世界上最大的国家。3 .我们可以用序数词
7、修饰形容词的最高级。如:In the USA,the third targest city is Los Angeles. 美国的第三大城市是洛杉矶。4.one of +最高级+名词复数,如:He is one of the tallest boys in my class. 他是我们班最高的男孩之一。Intergrated skills词组1. talk about our future plans谈论我们将来计划2. a social worker一个社会工作者3. grow up长大4. be kind/friendly to people对人们友好5. at school在学校6. m
8、eet a lot of people遇见许多人7. make friends with them和他们交朋友8. listen to people carefully认真听人们讲9. help them with their problems帮助他们处理问题10. make other people happy让其他人高兴11. among all the Chinese artists在所以中国艺术家当中12. work of art艺术品13. travel around the world全世界句型14. learn more about了解更多15. on the left在左边16
9、. next to =beside在旁边句型1. I would like to be a social worker when I grow up.当我长大了,我想成为社会工作者。2. I will be happy if I can make other people happy.如果我能让其他人高兴,我将会高兴。If意思是“如果”,引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现,复习make的用法, make +sb+do/adj3. What s he like ?他怎么样?(多问性格)复习:What does he look like?What does he like?What is he?4.
10、 He/s the tallest in the class.他在班里最高的。注意最高级前面加the ,不要忘记。5. Hes clever and humorous .他聪明而又幽默。注意形容词的用法be + adj6. Who/s the girl next to Peter?靠近彼得的那个女孩是谁? next to Peter作为定语修饰girl7. Shes a small girl with a ponytail.她是一个有马尾辫的女孩。with作为定语,意思是“有,with a ponytail,作为定语修饰“girl”Task词组1. both.and.不仅又,俩者都2. her
11、 bright smiling eyes她的明亮会笑的眼睛3. make her look really pretty and kind让她看起来真的漂亮又友好4. a friendly girl一个友好的女孩5. have a smile on her face脸上有微笑6. help me with my homework帮我辅导作业7. be patient/impatient有耐心/没有耐心8. work with children和孩子们工作9. make an excellent teacher成为一名优秀的教师句型1. Kate is both my neighbour and
12、my best friend.凯特不仅是我的邻居也是我最好的朋友。注意bothand的用法和意思2. She has a round face and a small nose.她有一张圆脸和一个小鼻子。注意冠词不要遗忘。3. I like her bright smiling eyes.我喜欢她的微笑的明亮的眼睛。smiling,形容词,“微笑的,带有笑意的”4. They make her look really pretty and kind.他们让她看起来真的很漂亮和友好。make sb + do/adj, “使/让”really是副词“真正地”,此处修饰后面的形容词“pretty和k
13、ind”5. She always has a smile on her face and looks happy.她总是脸上带有微笑并且看起来很开心。look此处是感官动词,意思是“看起来”,后面可以自己加形容词。区分 look happylook at her happily6. She helps me with my homework and she is very patient.她帮助我辅导作业并且她真的很耐心。patient是形容词,意思是“有耐心的形be+adj,它的反义词“impatient”7. When I feel bored or unhappy, I often g
14、o to her.当我觉得厌烦或者不开心,我经常去找她。When意思是“当时候。作为连词,前后连接俩个句子,bored,形容词“无 聊的”,修饰人,区分与“boring,也是形容词,修饰物,“令人厌烦的二 happy&unhappy,互为反义词,un-, “表示否定前缀”,同类单词 “ unhealthy,unfriendly./,8. She will talk to me and tell me interesting things.她将和我聊天并且给我讲有趣的事。9. Kate wants to work with children .凯特想要和孩子们一起工作。10. She would like to be a teacher when she grows up.当她长大的时候,她想要成为一个老师。growup, “长大”,注意加三单。11. I think she will make an excellent teacher.我认为她能成为一个优秀的老师。make,是动词,“成为,适合”,可以替换成“become; excellent,第一个音标 是元音音标,所以注意冠词an的运用,excellent,是形容词,“优秀的”