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1、高中语法讲义连词年 月 日11. He adds that one reason many of these deaths happen is there is a lot of ignorance inChina about what marathon running entails.12. The reflection which put me in mind good things I might have bought with the rest ofthe money gave me more anger than the whistle gave me pleasure.13. T
2、o illustrate it works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old femalemonkey called Keta.14. It was miraculous after two minutes Keta*s heart became active once more.15. In America, only in a few cases more than one household live under one roof.16. Young adults generally make their own
3、choices about what career to purse and to marry.17. There is no telling the dog might cause her to drive into a crowd of pedestrians.17.1 f the men refuse to follow my orders?11 Rogers asked.19. Effective managers know the importance of taking a moment to point out a worker isdoing well.20. This may
4、 be simply men are programmed by evolution to think more about mating opportunities.21. Memory scores stayed the same, they had chatted to a man or a woman.22. But if we had kept a book and had written in it an account of we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question.23. There
5、 is more agreement a student who physically attacks a fellow student or teachershould be removed.24. The participants recall ability was poorest when listening to music, regardless of theyliked or disliked it.25. It is the sound variation in the music and changing state reduces the ability to recall
6、the order of item within the presented list.26. They focused their energies on trying to have they considered important for a goodlife.27. Observers are trying to guess or not the game will remain hugely popular for a long time.28. Hindu tradition holds all people have three eyes.29. After I found a
7、 shiny silver pen in my fifth-grade classroom, I wanted to keep it, but Steve explained that it might be important to someone else in spite of the fact it had little value.30. He reminded me much Id hate to lose to someone else the small dog my father carved from a piece of cheap wood.1 .what 2.what
8、3. how 4.that 5.what 6.how 7.That 8.whether 9.why 10.What 11. that xl2. how 13. how 14. that 15. that 16. who 17. that 18. what 19. when 20. because 21. whether 22. what 23. that 24. whether 25. that 26. what 27. whether 28. that29. that30. How状语从句连词练习1 .His father had promised to buy him a computer
9、 he behaved himself.2 .the weather was bad,we decided not to go out.3 .He always did well at school having to do part-time jobs every now and then.4 .the calculation is right, scientists can never be sure that they have included all variables and modeled them accurately.5 .These two areas are simila
10、r they both have a high rainfall during this season.6 .some flowers contain more nectar than others,how does a honeybee worker,faced with a patch of flowers containing variable amounts of nectar,decide when to stop collecting.7 .the fact that his initial experiments had failed,Prof. White persisted
11、in his research.8 .Criticism and self-criticism is necessary it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.9 .Just as the builder is skilled in the handling of his bricks,the experienced writer is skilled in the handling of his words10 .The chief reason fbr the population growth isn*t so much a rise
12、in birth rates a fallin death rates as a result of improvements in medical care.11 .recurring fear is out of proportion to any real danger,it is called a phobia12 .no conclusive evidence exists,many experts believe that the wheel was invented only once and then diffused to the rest of the world.13 .
13、Human being are superior to animals they can use language as a tool tocommunicate.14 .earth scientists understand how and why earthquakes happen, forecasts are usually inaccurate.15 .Gorillas are quiet animals,they are capable of making about 20 different sounds.16 .your opinions are worth consideri
14、ng,the committee finds it unwise to place too much importance on them.17 .we have begun exploring in eamest9we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are and how far from being answered.18 .the Atlantic Ocean crosses the equator,the trade winds cause a flow of water to the west.19 .Just as t
15、hey must put aside their prejudices,we must be prepared to accept their good faith.20 .In these activities, it is important to remember that young teens have short attention spans.A variety of activities should be organizedparticipants can remain active as long asthey want and then go on to somethin
16、g else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants down.21 .its economy continues to recover,the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part-timers and temporary workers.22 .A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long time the guardsdiscovered what had happened23 .
17、A turtle differs from all other reptiles it has its body encased in a protective shellof its own.24 .you are familiar with the authors ideas,try reading all the sections as quickly as you possibly can.25 .No sooner had we started the experiment we stopped it because of the cut-off of thewater.26 .Th
18、is is an ideal site fbr a university it is far from the downtown area.27 .my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.28 .The very essence of civil liberty consists in the right of every individual to claim the protection of laws,he receives an injury.29 .she was a talented
19、amateur cook,whose specialty was rich,cream-filled gateaux and puddings.,she decided to put that talent to work.30 .Angiospenns inhabit relatively diverse environments and may be found higherplants can survive.Keys;1-5； provided, Since, in spite of, Even if, in that6-10； Given that, In spite of, in
20、that, so, as11-15； when, Although, in that, while, even though16-20； While, Now that, Where, so , so that21-25； Even though, before, in that, Now that ,than 26-30； in that, Now that, whenever, Seeing that,where语法项目5连词(Conjunctions)重点用法常用的并列连词用法：1 .并列连词用来连接平行对等、互不从属的词、短语或分句，可表示并列、转折、选 择或因果等关系。常见的并列连词
21、的用法如下：2.and意为“和，并且。用于连接对等关系的词、词组或分句；常用于句型“祈使句+逗号 +and ”。Tom and I went to the bookstore yesterday.and 连接两个并列的词我和汤姆昨天去了书店。He stood up and put on his hat. and 连接两个动作他站起来，戴上了帽子。Fishing is his hobby,and collecting coins also gives him great pleasure. and 连接两个分句他爱好钓鱼，收集硬币也令他感到快乐。Try again,and youUl succe
22、ed.在祈使句中，and前面的部分用来表示条件再试一下，你就会成功的。3.or和or else表示选择关系。表示两者之间选择其一，意为“或者”；用于祈使句时，意为 “否则，不然”。Tom or I am right.或者汤姆，或者我是对的。Hurry up,or else youll miss the last bus.快点儿，不然你就会错过最后一班车。Put on your overcoat,or you will catch cold.穿上衣服，要不然你会着凉的。4.but意为“但是，可是，而是。连接两种并列成分，表示转折关系，不能和although连 用。It was a sunny b
23、ut not very warm day.那一天天气晴朗，但却不太暖和。5.so意为“所以，于是，也，同样”，表示结果，连接句子。It was too dark,so I couldn,t see anything.天太黑了 ,我什么也看不见。6 .for意为“因为”，表示原因，连接句子。I soon went to sleep,for I was tired.我很快就入睡了，因为我太累了。7 .bothand意为“和，既也”，由它构成的词组作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。Both Lucy and Mary are ten.露西和玛丽都 10 岁了。Both he and his broth
24、ers are good at dancing.他和他的兄弟们都擅长跳舞。8 .either.or意为或或；不是就是二由它构成的短语作主语时，谓语动 词随or后面的词而定（就近原则）。The shoes were either too big or too small.鞋子要么太大，要么 太小。Either you or he is right.不是你，就是他是对的。9 .neither.or意为“既不也不”，由它构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词随nor后面 的词而定（就近原则）。It is neither hot in summer,nor cold in winter.夏天不热，冬天不冷。Ne
25、ither he nor I speak a foreign language.他和我都不会说外语。10 .not only.but also而且”，由它构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词随butalso后面的词而定（就近原则）。Jane is not only beautiful but also kind.简不但漂亮，而且人也非常好。Not only the students but also the teachers was against the plan.不但学生，而且老师也反对这个计划。1 Las well as意为又，不但而且”，由它构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词随其前 面的词而定。as
26、 well as his parents joins in the party.不但林先生的父母，而且林先生也参加宴会。提示：在口语中，and常用在come, go, run, stay, try等之后表示目的，and在此相当于 不定式符号to。Go and ask him.去问问他。Try and finish the work in a month.设法在一个月内完成这项工作。重点用法常用的从属连词用法：Lthat无词义，用于引导名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句） 和定语从句。I think that she is tired.我想他累 了。The trouble is
27、 that Pve lost his address.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。2 .when, while和as意为“当时”，用于引导时间状语从句，都可表示从句和主句的动 作同时发生，when也可表示先后发生。While I read,she sang.我在看书时，她在唱歌。When/While/As he was doing his homework,! came in.当他写作业时我走了过来。There were chairs left over when everyone had sat down.当大家就座后还剩下几把椅子。3 .since意为“自从以来”，引导时间状语从句。从句用一般
28、过去时，主句多用一般现在 时或现在完成时。Many things have happened since I last saw him.从我上次见到他以来发生了很多事。How long is it since we last went to the theatre?我们多久没去看戏 了 ？4 .assoonas意为“刚一就。引导时间状语从句。从句用一般现在时表示将来发生的动 作或状态。As soon as I get the present,1 11 tell you.我一收到礼物就告诉你。ril tell Ann the good news as soon as she comes back
29、.安一回来，我就告诉她这个好消息。5 .before意为“在之前”，after意为“在之后”，都可引导时间状语从句。Did she leave a message before she went?她走之前留言 了吗？I found her bag after she had left.她走了 以后，我发现了 她的包。6 .加 和until意为直到时”，可引导时间状语从句。一般认为till不如二面正式,在 书面语中不常用。句首通常用until。Can you wait till/until I come back?你能等到我回来吗？He didnt finish his homework unt
30、il his mother came back. finish 是点动词，故用否定 句。直到他妈妈回来，他才完成作业。7 .because意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句。常用于回答why引导的特殊疑问句，不能和 so连用。I did it because my mother told me to.妈妈吩咐我去做这件事，我才做的。-Why are you late?你为什么迟到？-Because I met a traffic accident on my way here因为我在来这儿的路上遇到了车祸。8.if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。If necessary I will come a
31、t once.如果有必要，我会马上来。9.though和although意为“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。它们都不能与but连用。Though I was tired,I still worked hard.虽然我很累，但我仍然努力工作。10.so.that意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。that后面跟的从句是否定句 时,可与tooto互换OThe box is so heavy that I cant lift it.=The box is too heavy for me to lift.箱子太沉了，我抬不起来。提示：though, although和as都可以表示“虽然”，引导让步状
32、语从句。as引导的从句要用 倒装语序，即把从句中的表语、状语或动词原形放在as之前。though和although放在句首 时用法相同，但如放在句末时用though,不用although,且前面有逗号。这几个词均不能 与and, but连用，但可与yet连用。Try as she might,she couldif t open the door.as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装语序。她试过多次了，可仍然打不开那门。【课后练习】定语从句提高练习1. Water enters into a great variety of chemical reactions, a few have been m
33、entioned in previous pages.2. shrewd people he described in his novel are to be found everywhere.3. The Great Wall is the place almost all tourists would like to visit when they come to Beijing.4. He didnt have a good command of spoken English, made it difficult fbr him to get a good job.5. Collin*s
34、 struggle to make a place for herself in ballet is the kind of life story a fascinating novel might be written.6. The quality of teaching should be measured by the degree the students1 potentiality is developed.7. Basic research provides the capital fund of scientific knowledge which the applied res
35、earchers draw to give society a rich rate of interest.8. Hiram Revels, the first Black member of the United States Senate, served as senator from Mississippi, an office he was elected in 1870.9. They will move into the new house next Friday, time it will be completely furnished.10. The tall rectangu
36、lar buildings may well give way to a more complex and exciting shape providing areas which the individual can fully identify himself.11. We can separate oil into the chemical compounds it is composed.12. We have found a useful compound we can separate some important elements.13. Noise in a room may
37、be reduced by carpeting, draperies, and upholstered furniture, all absorb sound.14. After the First World War, the author Anais Nin became interested in the art movement known as Surrealism and in psychoanalysis, both influenced her novels and short stories.15.1 dont think the number of people this
38、happens is very large.16. Anthony Jason,help Louis succeeded in the experiment, was a friend of mine.17. Hes written a book the name Fve completely forgotten.18. Watercolor provides a brilliant transparency and freshness, it allows extraordinarily free brushwork.19. Mahalia Jackson, singing combined
39、 powerful vitality with great dignity, was one of the best-known gospel singers in the United States.20. Mr Jones,John was working, was very generous about overtime payment.21. Arthur Millers play eath of a Salesman is the tragic story of a man destroyed by his own hollow values and those of the soc
40、iety he lives.22. In the United States, a primary election is a method voters select the nominees for public office.23. Emily Dickinson,s garden was a place she drew great inspiration fbr her poems.24. We moved to the new house in the suburbs so that the kids would have a garden to play.25. He showe
41、d me a book, from the cover I could tell that it was pretty old.26. Solomon was diligent, responsible and hardworking,he was promoted from a clerk to a manager.27. Did the audience participate in the party?”“Yes, the actors function it was to involve the audience were successful.”28. The doctors all
42、 blamed the irresponsible boy duty it was to protect the little girl.29. The project requires more labor than (put in) because it is extremely difficult.30. He often sat in a small bar drinking considerably more than (be)good for his health.【参考答案】1. of which 2. Such/as 3. which4. which5. about which
43、6. to which 7. on8. to which9. by which10. with11. of which 12. from which 13. of which14. of which15. to whom16. with whose 17. of which18. and19. whose20. for whom21. in which 22. by which23. from which24. in which25. of which26. fbr which 27. whose28. whose29. has been put in 30. was名词性从句1 .If yo
44、u had told me just I was to do they would never have found fault with my handling of the case.2 .the London Zoo will adopt as a measurement at the critical moment is to try all ways preserving the animals in the zoo.3 . close parents are to their children has a strong influence on the character of t
45、he children.4.It used to be said snow men were often spotted on the mountainside above 7,000 meters by the local inhabitants.5 .The problem now is measure we can adopt to overcome the difficulties in shortage of funds. closely theories approximate the truth is the day-to-day business of science.7 .
46、all the students think it their duty to study hard has laid the foundation fbr the university*s high reputation.8.1fs doubtful the government of that country can accept them as permanent residents.9.It has always puzzled me the old man tied a red silk ribbon on the young tree in hiscourtyard.10. moved the human spirit was the curiosity of all mankind to explore the unknown”.