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1、【赢在高考黄金20卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷（新高考专用）一轮巩固卷07（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮 擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题 卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.
2、5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完 每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19. 15.B.9. 18.C.9. 15.答案是Co1. What would the man probably prefer to drink?A. Water.B. Coke.C. Coffee.【答案】B【1题详解】Text 1W: Welcome, James. Let me get you a drink - can I get you some cof
3、fee or water?M: I just quit drinking coffee. Do you have anything sweet, though?W: Of course. I was going to make myself some coffee, but Ill grab Cokes for both of us, instead. (1)2. How does the woman learn best?B. Through writing.C. Through listening.A. Through pictures.【答案】Cthe network, which th
4、e local （本土也的）people knit into a living tree bridge. In addition, the villagers stuff fallen leaves inside the gaps of the root network so they may provide nutrition for the bridge over the years.Once I asked my tourist guide what happens to the bridges that are no longer in use. He smiled at me and
5、 said, TheyH become a part of the forest, my friend.”Walking on these living tree bridges, I tried to find a comparable experience. No, it did not feel like crossing a concrete bridge. No, it did not feel like climbing a tree, either. Instead, it felt like a fairy tale came to life.And perhaps, in a
6、 way, thats what it is. In a place where concrete bridges are unlikely to survive even a few decades because of earthquakes, landslides and floods, these bridges grow stronger with age. They do not require money to build, only time. They are breathing examples of life in the past that can help us cr
7、eate nature friendly lifestyles for the future.24. What is the third paragraph mainly about?A. The ideal trees for the living bridges.B. The difficulty in building the bridges.C. The creative way to construct the bridges.D. The necessity of building the tree bridges.25. What can we learn about the v
8、illages in Meghalaya from the text?A. They remain in extreme poverty.B. They are well-connected by roads.C. They stay high up in the Himalayas.D. They are threatened by natural disasters.26. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Ancient Experiments in Building BridgesB. The Ad
9、vantages of the Living Tree BridgesC. The Khasis: the Most Creative People in IndiaD. Living Tree Bridges: Breathing Examples of Harmony27. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A. Science.B. Travel.C. Agriculture.D. Advertisement.25.D26.D27.B【答案】24. C【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了印度梅加拉亚邦的卡西族
10、人用活树修建的独特桥梁。【24题详解】段落大意题。第三段主要是从选材到维护等方面介绍这种桥的创意。故选C。25题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “And perhaps, in a way, thats what it is. In a place where concrete bridges are unlikely to survive even a few decades because of earthquakes, landslides and floods, these bridges grow stronger with age.可推断，这些村落经常受到自然灾害的威胁。故选D。【
11、26题详解】标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段及第四段可知I,文章主要是强调这种桥梁的天人合一性。故选D。【27题详解】文章出处题。根据第四段 “Once I asked my tourist guide what happens to the bridges that are no longer inuse.”可知，这是一篇游记，故有可能出现在“旅游”版块。故选B。CScientists say baby sharks are at risk of being born smaller and without the energy they need to survive because o
12、f warming oceans from climate change.Scientists studied epaulette sharks, which live off Australia and New Guinea. They found that warmer conditions sped up the sharks growing process. That meant the sharks were born earlier and very tired. The findings could be used in the study of other sharks, in
13、cluding those that give birth to live young.The scientists studied 27 sharks. Some were raised in average summer water temperatures, about 27 degrees Celsius. Others were raised in higher temperatures around 29 degrees Celsius and 31 degrees Celsius. They found that the sharks raised in the warmest
14、temperatures weighed much less than those raised in average temperatures. They also showed reduced energy levels.Epaulette sharks can grow to a length of about one meter. Their name comes from large spots on their bodies that look like decorations on some military clothing.One study this year found
15、that worldwide numbers of oceanic sharks and rays dropped more than 70 percent between 1970 and 2018, Overfishing is a main concern, while climate change and pollution also threaten shark.Carolyn Wheeler is a doctoral student at the University of Massachusetts Boston and with the ARC Centre of Excel
16、lence for Coral Reef Studies at James Cook University in Australia. She was the lead author of the epaulette shark study. She said that while all the sharks survived, those raised in warmer temperatures were not strongenough to survive for long in the wild.She added that if the sharks are bom smalle
17、r than usual they are probably going to have to start looking fbr food sooner-and theyre going to have less time to adjust to their surroundings.The study should serve as a warning to ocean governing agencies that careful management is needed to prevent the loss of more sharks.28. In what aspect do
18、the warmer conditions affect the baby sharks?A. Their food.B. Their body weight. C. Their living habits. D. Their moving route.29. How did the scientists carry out their study?A. By studying former data.B. By tracking sharks in the wild.C. By collecting information about climate change.D. By compari
19、ng sharks in waters of different temperatures30. What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about?A. The threats to sharks9 survival.B. The sharks appearance.C. The origin of sharks names.D. The sharks9 living environment.31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Scientists Raise Shark
20、s to Deal with ProblemsB. Global Warming Has Reduced Shark PopulationsC. Baby Sharks Struggle to Survive in Warming OceansD. Scientists Are Struggling to Save Sharks from Extinction【答案】28.B29. D 30. A 31. C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了鲨鱼幼崽受到全球气候变化的影响，在出生时可能会变得更小， 导致它们不够强壮，无法在野外长时间生存。文章介绍了研究开展的过程，说明了鲨鱼生存的威胁等情况
21、。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第段“Scientists say baby sharks are at risk of being bom smaller and without the energy they need to survive because of warming oceans from climate change.（科学家们表示，由于气候变化导致海 洋变暖，小鲨鱼在出生时可能会变得更小，而且没有生存所需的能量户可知，温暖的环境影响了小鲨鱼 的体重。故选B。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“The scientists studied 27 sharks. Some w
22、ere raised in average summer watertemperatures, about 27 degrees Celsius. Others were raised in higher temperatures around 29 degrees Celsiusand 31 degrees Celsius. They found that the sharks raised in the warmest temperatures weighed much less than those raised in average temperatures. They also sh
23、owed reduced energy levels.（ 科学家们研究了 27 种鲨鱼。 一些地区夏季平均水温升高,约为27摄氏度。还有一些是在29摄氏度和31摄氏度的高温下被抚养的。 他们发现，在最高温度下生长的鲨鱼比在平均温度下生长的鲨鱼体重要轻得多。他们的能量水平也降 低了广可知，科学家们通过比较不同温度水域中的鲨鱼来进行他们的研究。故选D。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段“One study this year found that worldwide numbers of oceanie sharks and rays dropped more than 70 percent b
24、etween 1970 and 2018. Overfishing is a main concern, while climate change and pollution also threaten shark.（今年的一项研究发现，从1970年到2018年，大洋鲨和II鱼的全球数量 下降了 70%以上。过度捕捞是一个主要问题，而气候变化和污染也威胁着鲨鱼厂可知，第五段主要讲 的是鲨鱼生存的威胁。故选A。【31题详解】主旨大意题。 根据第段“Scientists say baby sharks are at risk of being bom smaller and without the
25、 energy they need to survive because of warming oceans from climate change.（科学家们表示，由于气候变化导致海 洋变暖，小鲨鱼在出生时可能会变得更小，而且没有生存所需的能量户以及最后一段“She added that if the sharks are born smaller than usual they are probably going to have to start looking for food sooner一and they,re going to have less time to adjust t
26、o their surroundings.The study should serve as a warning to ocean governing agencies that careful management is needed to prevent the loss of more sharks.（她补充说, 如果鲨 鱼出生时比平时小，“它们可能不得不更快地开始寻找食物，而它们适应周围环境的时间也会更少。” 这项研究应该作为对海洋管理机构的一个警告，需要谨慎的管理，以防止更多的鲨鱼的损失）”结合文章 主要说明了鲨鱼幼崽受到全球气候变化的影响，在出生时可能会变得更小，导致它们不够强壮，
27、无法 在野外长时间生存。文章介绍了研究开展的过程，说明了鲨鱼生存的威胁等情况。可知，C选项“小鲨 鱼在变暖的海洋中挣扎着生存”最符合文章标题。故选C。DRecycling plastic has always been a stop-start effort, and the wide variety of plastics we produce, the pollution from waste, and other limitations make recycling an economic（经济）problem. Its estimated（估计）only 9% of plastic e
28、ver created has been recycled. But with the help of a chemical process, Canadian Miranda Wang and her company BioCellection want to change that.Stability is one of plastic greatest qualities and downside. Theres limited evidence that some plastics can biodegrade （生物降解）but largely photo-plastics degr
29、ade in the sun. Its a long process, and the truth is that we can only estimate how long it takes. Wang is looking to break the inaction and BioCellection task is to make most plastic waste recyclable.She outlines two current methods. One is to take plastics like water bottles, wash them, cut them, m
30、elt and reconstitute them. Thats a very limited process she says, due to the requirement that plastics be “clean. The other, which can handle dirtier plastics and a level of pollution, is called hydrolysis（热解）.Intense heat is applied to break down plastics so they can be reused as oils for energy, b
31、ut “its not economical,“ she says.BioCellection9s solution builds on research from over ten years ago, Wang explains, when a US study discovered pure polyethylene powder （聚乙烯粉）could be broken down by a catalyst （催化剂）.Wang and her co-founder Jean hit upon a bacterium being able to eat plastic. In the
32、 years since, they engineered a comparable catalyst capable of doing the same job, only faster, which even works on plastics no one else can recycle at present. “We have now found a catalyst that is much cheaper than the one that was used before, Wang says.Currently focusing on plastic films like sh
33、opping bags, the three-hour process breaks clown plastic into chemicals that can act as the building blocks for more complex plastic products.“Right now were able to achieve about 70% transformation from plastic waste material to these chemicals, she adds, saying they,re working to increase that fig
34、ure.32. Why has so little plastic been recycled?A. Plastic is chemically stable.B. Recycling plastic led to pollution.C. We produced various plastics.D. Most photo-plastics degrade in the sun.33. What does Wang think of the two current methods?A. Highly effective and dynamic.B. Expensive and polluti
35、on-causing.C. Limited and energy-consuming.D. Widely used and recognized.34. What did BioCellection find effective to recycle plastics?A. Polyethylene powder.B. Chemical products.C. Plastic films.D. A catalyst.35. What is the text mainly about?A. Miranda Wang and her company.B. A new plastic recycli
36、ng method.D. Transformation of plastic waste.C. The greatest downside of plastic.【答案】32.A33. C 34. D 35. B【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，加拿大人米兰达王和她的公司BioCeDection利用催化剂提高了塑料的回收 利用率。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Stability is one of plastic greatest qualities and downside.（稳定性是塑料最大 的品质和缺点之一）”可推知，塑料在化学上是稳定的，所以很少有塑料被回收，故选A。【33题详解】
37、细节理解题。根据第三段的Thats a very limited process she says, due to the requirement that plastics be “clean” .（“这是一个非常有限的过程，”她说，因为塑料必须是“清洁的“）”和第三段的“but “ ifs not economical, （但“这不经济“）”可知，王认为目前的两种方法有限且耗能，故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“In the years since, they engineered a comparable catalyst capable of doing the sa
38、me job, only faster, which even works on plastics no one else can recycle at present. We have now found a catalyst that is much cheaper than the one that was used before, Wang says.（在那之后的几年里， 他 们设计了一种类似的催化剂，能够起到同样的作用，只是速度更快，它甚至可以用于目前无法回收的 塑料。“我们现在发现了一种比以前使用的催化剂便宜得多的催化剂，“王说）”可知，BioCellection找 到一种有效回收
39、塑料的催化剂，故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第三段的“In the years since, they engineered a comparable catalyst capable of doing the same job, only faster, which even works on plastics no one else can recycle at present.（在 那之后的几年里，他们设计了一种类似的催化剂，能够起到同样的作用，只是速度更快，它甚至可以 用于目前无法回收的塑料）“可知，本文主要讲的是一种新的塑料回收方法，故选B。第二节（共5小题：
40、每小题2. 5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。To be effective in todays highly competitive job market, you have to get out there and skillfully promote yourself to employers who can appreciate your value and are able to hire you. 36. Heres how to simplifythe process and accelerate your
41、progress to lessen this burden and find your next challenges swiftly.37.Understand that there is work to be done and no easy way out of it. Its up to you to put your best forward bypreparing for the meeting: research the company and the individual you are meeting and figure out how you can add value
42、 to the company by solving problems with your unique skills and characteristics.Dont overextend yourself.The key to success is focusing your job search on a limited number of target companies that you determine need your talents: then figuring ways to get inside“ these organizations to present yours
43、elf as a prospective employee. 38, So make sure that each approach is targeted and thorough, so that you dont wear yourself outspinning your wheels pursuing lost causes.Be generous.In todays job market, doing a sample project is one of the most effective ways to establish credibility and gain an ele
44、ment critical to hiring decisions: trust. Allowing an employer to see the quality of your work before making a hiring decision decreases the employers risk, increases goodwill, and often accelerates the hiring process.Be pound wise, not penny foolish.If you are questioned about your salary, put your
45、 pride aside for a moment and think about dollars and cents.39. Be sure to keep your eye on your bigger financial picture, and keep in mind how much each day ofunemployment is costing you.By following these tips and pacing yourself through the challenge of a job search, youll be interviewing with hi
46、ring managers in no time. 40.A. Prepare for the project.B. Get a great resume prepared.C. Stay focused and best of luck in the job search.D. But this kind of campaign is based on quality, not quantity.E. You have to rely on your own personal intention to open doors.F. Yet self-promotion can be a hug
47、e challenge for many job-seekers.G. Once you are working, you stand a better chance of proving that you are worth more.【答案】36. F 37. A 38. D 39. G 40. C【分析】这是一篇说明文。要想在当今竞争激烈的就也市场上保持高效，你就必须走出去，巧妙地向那些 欣赏你的价值、愿意雇用你的雇主推销自己。文章主要就求职提出了一些建议。【36题详解】根据上文“To be effective in todays highly competitive job marke
48、t, you have to get out there and skillfullypromote yourself to employers who can appreciate your value and are able to hire you.（要想在当今竞争激烈 的就业市场上保持高效，你就必须走出去，巧妙地向那些欣赏你的价值、愿意雇用你的雇主推销自己广 以及后文Heres how to simplify the process and accelerate your progress to lessen this burden and find your next challenges swiftly.（以下是如何简化过程，加速你的进步，减轻负担，迅速找到你的下一个挑战）”可 知，上文提到了找工作自我推销，后文则提到了找到下一个挑战，可知本句与上文构成转折，说明自 我推销对求职者来说是挑战。上文中promote yourself对应到F选项中self-promotion0故F选项“然而， 自我推销对许多求职者来说是一个巨大的挑战”符合语境，故选Fo【37题详解】I艮据后文“Underst