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1、上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Book 2应应 用用 型型 大大 学学 英英 语语 系系 列列 教教 程程 Application-oriented college English Course 第1页2上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextLanguage Skills DevelopmentLanguage in UseEnhancement of Language Abilities Unit 6Unit SixTable of Contents第2页3上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1 contentBackNextPart 1 Language
2、 Skills DevelopmentStarterText:The Debtor GenerationWorking with words and phrasesDiscussionPractice:interpretingPractice:translationPractice:writingSurfing the InternetHighlightsTable of Contents第3页4上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1highlightsBackNextHighlights S:Talking about cartoons:street beggars&bank c
3、ard debtorsL:Paying with bank cards at City SupermarketR:The debtor generationW:How to write parallel constructionsInternet work:Introducing a student credit card with favorable clauses Part 1 Language Skills Development第4页5A.Look at the two cartoons below and discuss the following questions.上海交通大上海
4、交通大学学出版社出版社 1.StarterBackNext第5页6上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text 1.Is it better to be a beggar or a debtor?Why?It depends.On the one hand,a debtor who tries torepayhisdebtassoonasheisabletoissurelybetterthan a beggar who begs simply because he is ashamelesslazybones.Ontheotherhand,abeggarwhoistooweak,
5、toooldortoodisabledtoavoidbeggingisundoubtedly more understandable than a debtor whoowesalotofmoneyandcantrepayit.BackNext1.Starter第6页7上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text 2.What are the advantages of using credit cards?Thereareseveraladvantagesofusingcreditcards.1)Itissafealternativetocarryingcash.2)Itall
6、owsthecreditcardaccountholdertobuildasolidcredithistory.3)Itcanaccessfundsincaseofemergency.4)Itallowsextratimetopayforgoodsandservicespurchased.5)Itiscleanandenvironment-friendly.BackNext1.Starter第7页8上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text 3.Do you agree that credit cards build up debts?Yes.Foronething,itiss
7、oconvenienttoswipethecardforshoppingthatyoumayuseitmoreoftenthanyourealizeit.Foranother,thecardmayleadyoutothemisconceptionthatyouhavemoreconsumptionpowerthanyoureallydo.BackNext1.Starter第8页9B.Listen to a conversation at City Supermarket and answer the following questions.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 1.Starte
8、rBackNextMind Mapbank card 银行卡 valid/a.有效 free delivery service 无偿送货服务 第9页10上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 1.StarterBackNext1.Does City Supermarket accept bank cards?Yes,itdoes.2.Why does the cashier ask the customer to show a valid proof of identity?Becausethecustomerssignatureonthereceiptisnotthesameasthatont
9、hebackofthecard.第10页11上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1starterSigning the Receipt at City Supermarket Tapescript 1.StarterBackNextCashier:Goodevening,sir!WelcometoCitySupermarket!Customer:Doyouacceptbankcards?Cashier:Certainly,sir.Youarewelcometouseabankcard.Customer:Verynice.Cashier:Thatllbe$110inall,sir.C
10、ustomer:OK.第11页12上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1starter 1.StarterBackNextCashier:Thankyou,sir.PleaseenteryourPINcode.(Afterawhile)Sorry,sir.Yoursignatureonthereceiptisnotthesameasthatonthebackofthecard.Forthesafetyofyourbankcard,wouldyoupleaseshowmeavalidproofofyouridentity?Customer:OK,noproblem.Hereyouar
11、e.Cashier:Hereisyourbankcard.Pleasekeepit.Customer:OK.Thankyou.Cashier:Bytheway,doyouneedfreedeliveryservice?Customer:No.Icanputtheminmycar.Thanksanyway.第12页13()1.GenerationY()2.GenerationX上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 working with wordsa.thedebtorgenerationorpeoplegrowingupwithacredit-fueledlifestylean
12、ddigitaldevicesb.peoplebornin1978orlaterc.peoplebornbetween1965and1977d.peopleenrolledinhighschooloruniversityonSeptember11,BackNextText Lead-inWarm upA.Match the generation terms(1-4)with their definitions(a-d).()3.Generation9.11()4.GenerationD bcda第13页14上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextText Lead-inWarm
13、upB.Look at the chart.Describe the trend it reveals.Reference AnswerIn1998,about68%ofundergrads had credit cards.In,approximately 79%ofundergrads had credit cards.The chart reveals more andmoreundergradsareandwillbeusingcreditcards.第14页15Text Lead-inText organization上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Para.MeaningIn
14、troductionParas._BodyParas._Paras._Paras._Paras._BackNext1-2Introduction to Generation D and theproblemstheymayface.3-14LifestyleofGenerationDandtheirattitudetowardsdebtscausedbycreditcards3-6Generation D is different from previousgenerationsinmanyaspects.7-10GenerationDhastofacerealitywhenitiscontr
15、adictorytotheirdreams.11-14Generation D does not postpone lifesmilestonesbydebts.第15页16BackNextTranslation2 Text:The Debtor Generation 1 When they turn 18,theyget calls from credit cardcompanies.Afewyearslater,theyvegotaloadofdebtsmanyofthemwiththousandsofdollarsinstudentloansandcredit card bills.Th
16、en theybuy cars,furniture and nicenewclothesmostlyoncredit.turnlinkv.到达（某一年纪或时间）e.g.Hehasturnedforty.他已年过四十。Ithasjustturnedtwelve.刚过十二点钟。a load of:很多，大量e.g.Youre talking a load ofrubbish.debt:n.1)C债务；欠款e.g.IfIpayallmydebtsIllhavenomoneyleft.2)U负债情况e.g.Wewerepoor,butwenevergotintodebt.credit:n.U赊购e.g
17、.Nocreditisgivenatthisshop.on credit:借贷，赊账e.g.Iboughtacaroncredit.credit:n.U赊购e.g.Nocreditisgivenatthisshop.on credit:借贷，赊账e.g.Iboughtacaroncredit.负债一代负债一代 1 1 他们一满18岁，就会接到信用卡企业电话。几年后，他们就会背负一大笔债务他们中很多人都会欠下几千美元学生贷款和信用卡账单。接着，他们还会买汽车，买家俱，买漂亮新衣服，几乎全是刷卡消费。第16页17BackNextTranslation2 Text:The Debtor Genera
18、tion2 2 他们不会一直那样天真。当负债一代还没有得到收入丰厚全职员作，就要为偿还信用卡企业债务而付出代价时候，很多人就会醒悟过来。2Theydontremaininnocent for long.Manymembers of Generation Dfeeldisillusionedwhentheymake sacrifices to repaylenders who gave themcreditbeforetheyhadwell-paying,full-timejobs.innocent:a.1)无知，头脑简单e.g.Dont be so innocent as tobelievee
19、verythingthepoliticianstellyou.2)清白，无罪e.g.A man is accounted innocentuntilheisprovenguilty.Generation D comes from the titleThe Debtor Generationandcanbeshortened as D Generation orGenerationD(负债一代).disillusioned:a.不再抱幻想，大失所望，幻想破灭e.g.Disillusioned voters want analternativetothetwomainparties.Shesdis
20、illusionedwithlifeingeneral.dis-否定、相反或相对e.g.dishonest(不老实);disagreeable(令人不快，讨厌);disagreement(分歧，不一致，意见不合);disengage(放开；摆脱开，摆脱开)repay:vt.1)还（钱）；偿还e.g.Illrepayyouthemoneyyoulentmenextweek.2)报答，酬报e.g.Idliketobuythemsomethingtorepayalltheirkindness.repayable:a.可偿还；应偿还；应回报repayment:n.U偿还借款，偿还债务 well-pay
21、ing:a.高工资，酬劳优厚 sacrifice:n.1)C,U牺牲，舍弃e.g.Getting rich isnt worth thesacrificeofyourprinciples.2)C,U祭献，祭奠e.g.Itwascommontomakesacrificestothegodstoensureagoodharvest.第17页18BackNextTranslation2 Text:The Debtor Generation一场真正变革一场真正变革3 前几代刚成年时候，往往生活窘迫客厅中摆放着牛奶箱，冰箱里放着老密尔沃基牌啤酒。他们在为了舒适物质生活而兢兢业业奋斗中，学会了一个道理花钱
22、与盈利亲密相关。A Real Revolution3Previousgenerationstendedto begin adulthood in reducedcircumstances milk crates inthelivingroom,OldMilwaukeeinthefridge.Theyworkedtheirwayintomaterialcomfortwhileabsorbingthelessonthatbuying is closely related toearning.adulthood:n.U成年-hood状态；时期e.g.parenthood(做父母身份);manhood
23、(成年，成年时期);childhood(童年);neighborhood(街区，域区)reduced circumstances:（委婉表示从富到穷）生活窘迫 work ones way into:兢兢业业地达成e.g.Heworkshiswayintobeingasuccessfulcontractor.Meaning:Theyobtainedacomfortablemateriallifebyhardwork.Meanwhile,they learned that if theywanttobuy,theyhavetoearnfirst.absorb:vt.1)了解；吸收e.g.Cleve
24、r children absorbknowledgeeasily.2)吸收（水、光、蒸汽等）e.g.Plants can absorb carbondioxideandreleaseoxygen.work ones way into:兢兢业业地达成e.g.Heworkshiswayintobeingasuccessfulcontractor.reduced circumstances:（委婉表示从富到穷）生活窘迫第18页19BackNextTranslation2 Text:The Debtor Generation4 与此相反，负债一代中很多人刚成年时候往往享受着优越物质生活客厅中摆着各种架
25、子，冰箱里放着皮特牌淡啤酒。紧接着，假如他们稍不注意（开销），就不得不控制这种依赖信用卡消费生活方式方便能够付清账单。而这一点，并不是全部人都能做到，那么他们就会所以付出代价。Question about Para.44Incontrast,manyinGeneration D begin adulthoodwith material comfortshelvesinthelivingroom,PetesWickedAleintherefrigerator.AA little later,if theyre notcareful,they have to throttlebackontheir
26、credit-fueledlifestyle so they can pay thebills.Not all can,and theypaytheconsequences.in contrast:相反e.g.In contrast with their system,oursseemsveryold-fashioned.Hiswhitehairwasinsharpcontrasttohisdarkskin.Meaning:On the contrary,manypeopleofDebtorGenerationgrowupincomfortableconditionallkindsofshel
27、ves in the living room,top-gradebeerintherefrigerator.throttle:vt.1)调整油门，减/加速e.g.I throttled back as weapproachedtherunway.Hightariffsthrottletradebetweencountries.2)使窒息，掐死e.g.Hethrottledtheguardwithhisbarehands.throttle back:控制，收敛e.g.Hehopestothrottlebackonhisemotions.throttle:vt.1)调整油门，减/加速e.g.I t
28、hrottled back as weapproachedtherunway.Hightariffsthrottletradebetweencountries.2)使窒息，掐死e.g.Hethrottledtheguardwithhisbarehands.throttle back:控制，收敛e.g.Hehopestothrottlebackonhisemotions.Meaning:Later on,if theyrecareless with their spending,theyhavetocontroltheircreditonwhichtheir life is dependent
29、so that theywillbeabletorepaytheirdebts.第19页20focus1text The Generation D begins adulthood with materialcomfort and depends too much ng.thood in reducedcircumstances,workingtheirwayintomaterialcomfort,thusknowingthatbuyingiscloselyrelatoncreditcardconsumption.Previous generations,however,beganadulth
30、oodinreducedcircumstances.Theyworkedtheirwayintomaterialcomfort.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 2.Text:A Story of Steve Jobs 1.How is the lifestyle of the Generation D different from that of their previous generations?BackNext2 Text:The Debtor Generation第20页21BackNextTranslation2 Text:The Debtor GenerationQuesti
31、on about Para.5 5 Experts agree that todays18-to 30-year-olds have moredebtsthantheirforebears.Thats especially true of themajorityofhighschoolgraduateswhogoontocollegeor trade school,where peoplecommonly get student loansand credit cards,even if theydonthavejobs.be true of:合乎事实；真；真实；确实e.g.Possibly
32、the same is true ofsocialwork.The same is true of all politicalparties.go on to sth.:接着开始另一个项目e.g.Letsgoontothenextitemontheagenda.5 5 教授们认为，现在18至30岁之间人比他们上几代欠债更多。尤其对大多数高中毕业就上大学或职业学校学生来说，情况更是如此。在大学或职业学校里，尽管学生没有工作，通常也能够申请学生贷款和信用卡。第21页22上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text 2.What do the experts have in commo
33、n with regard to their opinions concerning the 18-to 30-year-olds debts?Expertsagreethattodays18-to30-year-oldshavemoredebtsthantheirforebears.BackNext2 Text:The Debtor Generation第22页23BackNextTranslation2 Text:The Debtor GenerationQuestion about Para.66Peopledisagreeaboutwhetherthatssobad.Afterall,
34、young adults accept studentloans and credit cards gladlyand most repay dutifully.Butcriticsworrythatcorrosivesocial effects result from thehabit of taking on debt beforeone has sufficient income torepay.corrosive:a.逐步起破坏作用，损害性e.g.Fear of unemployment ishaving a corrosive effect on thecountryseconomy
35、.result from:由产生e.g.Her injuries resulted from afall.cf.result in:造成，造成e.g.The cyclone has resulted inmanythousandsofdeaths.take on:负担e.g.Donttakeonmoreresponsibilitythanyouareexpected.6 6 人们对这种情况是否很糟糕意见不一。毕竟，年轻人很愿意接收学生贷款和信用卡，而且大多数人能尽责地偿还。不过评论家们担心，这种个人还没有足够收入来还款就背上债务习惯会造成不良社会影响。第23页24上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社
36、出版社 focus1text 3.Do people see eye to eye on the issue of student debts?What are the two opposing views?No,they dont.Some believe that young adultsaccept student loans and credit cards gladly andmostrepaydutifully.Butcriticsworrythatcorrosivesocialeffectsresultfromthehabitoftakingondebtbeforeonehass
37、ufficientincometorepay.BackNext2 Text:The Debtor Generation第24页25BackNextTranslation2 Text:The Debtor Generation梦想与债务 7 20世纪90年代，负债生活诱惑日增。学杂费暴涨，联邦政府也加强了对学生贷款限制，信用卡在校园市场推销如火如荼。，78%大学本科生拥有信用卡。Dreams and Debt7 The lure of living on debtincreased in the 1990s.Tuitionandfeesskyrocketed,thefederal governm
38、ent increasedstudent loan limits,and creditcardsweremarketedvigorouslyon campus.In,78 percent ofcollegeundergraduateshadcreditcards.tuition:n.1)U学费e.g.When I started college,tuitionwas$350aquarter.2)U讲授，教诲e.g.HereceivedprivatetuitioninEnglish.skyrocket:vi.（指物价等）飞涨，猛涨e.g.The trade deficit hasskyrocke
39、ted.vigorously:ad.有力地e.g.Theywerearguingvigorouslyontheresponsibilityofthe death of the four collegestudents.第25页26BackNextTranslation2 Text:The Debtor Generation8 更微妙改变处处可见。经济蓬勃发展，在异国复活节假旅游胜地拍摄MTV充满荧屏，老友记描述了一群年轻人在曼哈顿宽大公寓里舒适生活。二十几岁年轻人梦想着大学或职业学校一毕业就过上富足生活。Question about Para.7-88Subtlerchangesabounde
40、d.The economy boomed,MTVbroadcastedfromexoticspring-breaklocales,Friendsportrayed young adults livingcomfortablyinroomyapartmentsinManhattan.Twenty-somethingsexpectedtolivewellrightoutofcollegeortradeschool.Meaning:Delicate changesexisteverywhere.abound:vi.大量存在，有许多e.g.Grass abounds here all theyearr
41、ound.boom:vi.快速发展，繁荣e.g.Bythe1980s,thecomputerindustrywasbooming.exotic:a.1)异国情调；奇异e.g.Thefilmretainsmuchofthebooksexoticflavour.2)异国，外来e.g.PandasareexoticanimalstoAmerica.portray:vt.1)描述；描绘；描写e.g.Thefilmvividlyportrayslifeinthetrenches.2)为某人画像，画某人像e.g.Sheisportrayedwearingherweddinggown.roomy:a.=sp
42、acious宽大，宽大e.g.Though more expensive,aroomy car can make you morecomfortable.n.+-yrainy,windy,snowy,juicy,watery,glassy,grassy.Twenty-something:二十几岁人thirty-something/forty-something 三十到三十九（四十到四十九）岁e.g.Afifty-somethingcametoseeyouwhenyouwereout.你不在时，有一位五十几岁男子来找过你。第26页27上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text 4
43、.Why did the lure of living on debt increase in the 1990s?Because tuition and fees skyrocketed,the federalgovernmentincreasedstudentloanlimits,andcreditcardsweremarketedvigorouslyoncampus.Meanwhile,theeconomy boomed,and mass mediaportrayedyoungadultslivingcomfortablyinlargecity.Theyareallattractivet
44、oyoungpeople.BackNext2 Text:The Debtor Generation第27页28BackNextTranslation2 Text:The Debtor Generation9 9 在这些情况下，还有什么理由不借钱呢？1996年，公立大学里平均每位贷款学生在毕业时欠债11950 美元。1998年，平均每个本科生有3.5张信用卡，负有1879美元结欠款。Question about Para.9 9Underthesecircumstances,whynotborrow?Anaveragestudentloanrecipientowed$11,950 upon gr
45、aduatingfrom a public university in1996.In1998,theaverageundergraduatehadabalance of$1,879 on 3.5creditcards.balance:n.1)C(usu.sing)结欠e.g.The balance of 500 will be paidwithinoneweek.2)C(usu.sing)差额e.g.Imustcheckmybankbalance,i.e.findouthowmuchmoneyIhaveinmyaccount.balance of payments:国际收支差额balance
46、of trade:贸易差额，进出口差额e.g.a balance-of-trade deficit(when acountry spends more than it earns fromexports)第28页29上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text 5.How much balance did an undergraduate have on average on 3.5 credit cards in 1998?$1,879.BackNext2 Text:The Debtor Generation第29页30BackNextTranslation2 Text:The
47、 Debtor Generation10 10 有些人担心，这些债务将迫使毕业生放弃令人振奋但薪水不高职业，而去从事沉闷乏味但收入丰厚工作。密苏里大学研究员帕特里夏萨默斯，在做学生贷款项目研究时曾采访了500多人，她说有一个准英语博士生打算拿到博士学位后就重操旧业当21点扑克游戏发牌员。Question about Para.1010Someworrythatallthisdebtforces grads to forsake excitingbut low-paying jobs in favor ofdrearybutwell-payingjobs.Patricia Somers,a Un
48、iversity ofMissouriresearcherwhointerviewed 500 people for herresearchonstudentloans,tellsofaPh.D.candidateinEnglishwhowas considering returning to herold jobdealing blackjackafterearningherdoctorate.grad=graduategrad:n.C大学毕业生（尤指取得学士学位人）e.g.HisgirlfriendisaHarvardgrad.2)C毕业生e.g.ahigh-schoolgraduate
49、tell of:描述，叙述e.g.Thepoemtellsofthedeedsofafamouswarrior.doctorate:n.C博士学位Related terms：bachelorsdegree学士学位(BachelorofArts文学学士BachelorofScience理学学士)mastersdegree硕士学位(MasterofArts文学硕士MasterofScience理学硕士)doctorsdegree博士学位(通常叫Ph.D.即DoctorofPhilosophy)forsake:vt.1)=giveup放弃，离开（尤指喜爱事物）e.g.Youmustforsakeyo
50、urbadhabits.2)=abandon离开（尤指不推行责任），遗弃，舍弃e.g.His gambling father forsook hisfamilyandwentwestforaliving.区分区分:forsake,abandon,desert,giveupThesailorsabandonedthesinkingship.He deserted his country and helped theenemy.HehasforsakenhisnativeFinlandtoliveinBritain.Innocaseshouldyougiveup.第30页31上海交通大上海交通大学