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1、2023年嘉黎县考研英语一押题密卷Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Elaine was a saleswoman, who drove all over the city five days a week. When all the freeway lanes were at a dead stop, sh
2、e would drive quickly along the emergency lane. While driving she usually on her cellphone, drinking a soda or eating asandwich-her hands, legs and mouth were always while she was driving.Last night she got in Friday evening rush hour. She was going to be for her date. She was already when thingssee
3、med to be getting worse and all the traffic stopped. Elaine drove over to the emergency lane. Soon she saw the redflashing lights in the mirror. She had to her car. A good-looking officer walked up.“Officer, my boyfriend left me after he got me pregnant. I have constant morning sickness. Fm just try
4、ing to get to the nearest store to buy my She looked at the officer with eyes.He looked at her pitifully, then said, “Okay, maam. Take the first exit. I hope youll be feeling better/9The officer walked back to his car and Elaine drove on. This was the second time that had worked for her. She had one
5、more thing to do before she got home. She had to mail a package. When she got to the shopping mall at 7 pm, no parking was, except for the handicapped (残疾的)space. Elaine drove right into it. She would only be a minute, she told.All she had to do was the post office, get the package, and pay the cler
6、k.Fortunately, there was no in the store. Everything was done so that she was whistling while she walked back out to hercar. Then she stopped.There was an envelope on the windshield (挡风玻璃).She opened it slowly. She knew it was,but not how much it was. She screamed when she saw the.A dog started bark
7、ing.1 A. dependedB. carriedC. talkedD. sold2、A. fullB openC. freeD. busy3、A. stuckB. hurtC. annoyedD. punished4、A. lateB , readyC. excitedD. mad5、 A. satisfiedB, angryC. exhaustedD. calm6、A. reluctantlyB. immediatelyC. guiltilyD. gratefully7、A. stopB. startC. discardD. speed8、A. gasB . ticketC. medi
8、cineD. package9、A. innocentB. aggressiveC. addictedD. proud10、A. softlyB. rudelyC. skepticallyD. strictly11 A. officerB. excuseC - driverD. mistake7. A8. C9. A10. A11. B12. D13. D14. C15. A16. B17. A18. D19. C20. CSection II Reading Comprehension2、1. D2. A3. B3、1. B2. D3. C4. A4、1. D2. B3. C4. D5、1.
9、 C2. B3. A4. C6 1. in2. later3. that4. the5. . was called6. seriously7. beginning8. . harder9. . powerful10. appearing7、 1. and2. holding3. , from4. were mixed5. . natural6. created7. . where8. the9. it10. expressionSection III Translation8、1. G2. B3. C4. D5. E9、1. C2. D3. E4. B5. G12、A. adoptableB
10、accessibleC, acceptableD. available13 A. the clerkB , the guardC , the workerD. herself14、A. take outB , get outC. run intoD. push into15、A. weighedB. printedC , repairedD. paid16、A. carB. lineC. policeD. service17 A. quicklyB. slowlyC - strangelyD. quietly18 A. talkingB. drivingC. thinkingD. whistl
11、ing19、 A. howB. whyC. whatD. that20、 A. invitationB. orderC. amountD. letterSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1You may be familiar with
12、the following famous people, but have you heard of their graduation speeches, in which they either share their unforgotten experiences or give you some great inspiration.Michael Dell, University of Texas at AustinAnd now youve accomplished something great and important here, and its time for you to
13、move on to whats next. And you must not let anything prevent you from taking those first steps. . You must also commit to the adventure. Just have faith in the skills and the knowledge youve been blessed (赐予) with and go.J.K. Rowling, Harvard UniversityHalf my lifetime ago, I was striking an uneasy
14、balance between my ambition and the expectation from my parents who were not rich. But what I feared most of myself at your age was not poverty, but failure. The fact that you are graduating from Harvard suggests that you know little about failure, you might be driven by a fear of failure quite as m
15、uch as a desire for success.Steve Jobs, Stanford UniversitySometimes lifes going to hit you in the head with a brick. Dont lose faith. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work, and the only way to do great wo
16、rk is to love what you do. If you havent found it yet, keep looking and dont settle.Bill Gates, Harvard UniversityWe need as many people as possible to have access to the advanced technology to lead to a revolution in what human beings can do for one another. They are making it possible not just for
17、 national governments, but for universities, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches and deal with the worlds inequities （不公平）like hunger, poverty, and so on.1、 What Michael Dell said is to urge us to. A. listen to our heartB. learn from our mistakesC, follow othe
18、rs example D. pursue our dreams 2、 What did J.K. Rowling fear most when she was studying in university? A. Failure.B. Hunger.C. Poverty.D. Appearance.3、What does Bill Gates suggest people do?A. Master as much advanced technology as possible.B. Work together to rid some global problems.C. Make contri
19、butions to the environment.D. Take responsibility for their own behavior.Text 2Science is finaly beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered second-class citizens.As Annie Potts of Canterbury University has noted, chickens distinguish among one hundred chicken faces and recogn
20、ize familiar individuals even after months of separation. When given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate food reward for a slightly later （and better） one. Healthy hens may aid friends, and mourn when those friend die.Pigs res
21、pond meaningful to human symbols. When a research team led by Candace Croney at Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon ignored the X carriers in favor of the Os. Then the team switched from r
22、eal-life objects to T-shirts printed with X or O symbols. Still, the pigs walked only toward the O-shirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a two-dimensional format, a not inconsiderable feat of reasoning.Ive been guilty of prejudiced expectations, myself. At the start of my career al
23、most four decades ago, I was firmly convinced that monkeys and apes out-think and out-feel other animals. Theyre other primates（灵长 目 动物），after all, animals from our own mammalian（口甫孚L动物的）class. Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultura
24、l learning, and elephants express profound joy and mourning with their social companions. Long-term studies in the wild on these mammals helped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedure kin laboratories, elephants force
25、d to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks.Over time, though, as I began to broaden out even further and explore the inner lives of fish, chickens, pigs, goats, and cows, I started to wonder: Will the new science of food animalsn bring an ethical （伦理的）revolution in ter
26、ms of who we eat? In other words, will our ethics start to catch up with the development of our science?Animal activists are already there, of course, committed to not eating these animals. But what about the rest of us? Can paying attention to the thinking and feeling of these animals lead us to ma
27、ke changes in who we eat?1、 According to Annie Potts, hens have the ability of.A. interactionB. analysisC. creationD. abstraction2、The research into pigs shows that pigs.A. learn letters quicklyB , have a good eyesightC. can build up a good relationshipD. can apply knowledge to new situations3、Parag
28、raph 4 is mainly about.A. the similarities between mammals and humansB. the necessity of long-term studies on mammalsC. a change in peoples attitudes towards animalsD. a discovery of how animals express themselves4、What might be the best title for the passage?A. The Inner Lives of Food AnimalsB. The
29、 Lifestyles of Food AnimalsC. Science Reports on Food AnimalsD. A Revolution in Food AnimalsText 3Until recently, voice cloning - or voice banking, as it was then known - was a customized industry which served those at risk of losing the power of speech to cancer or surgery. Synthesizing （合成） a voic
30、e was a long and expensive process. It meant recording many phrases, each spoken many times, with different the history of the KidPass blog emotional emphase （s 重音）and in different contexts （statement, question, command and so forth）, in order to the tips on writing good articles online cover all po
31、ssible pronunciations.Not any more. Software exists that can store pieces of recorded speech which is merely five milliseconds long, each marked with a precise pitch （音高）.These can be put together to make new words, and adjusted individually so that they fit harmoniously into their new sonic homes.
32、This is much cheaper than conventional voice banking, and permits novel uses to be developed.This year Vivo Text plans to release an app that lets users select the emphasis, speed and level of happiness or sadness with which individual words and phrases are produced. Mr. Silbert refers to the emotiv
33、e quality of the human voice as “the ultimate instrument”. Yet this power also troubles him. Vivo Text licenses its software to Hasbro, an American toymaker keen to sell increasingly interactive playthings. Hasbro is aware, Mr. Silbert notes, that without safeguards a naughty child might, for exampl
34、e, type impolite words on his mothers smartphone in order to see a younger sibling burst into tears on hearing them spoken by a toy using mums voice.More troubling, when tested against voice-biometrics software like that used by many banks to block unauthorized access to accounts, more than 80% of t
35、he fake voices tricked the computer. Alan Black, one of Festvoxs developers, thinks systems that rely on voice-ID software are now deeply, fundamentally insecure”.Dr. Saxena and his colleagues asked volunteers if a voice sample belonged to a person whose real speech they had just listened to for abo
36、ut 90 seconds. The volunteers recognized cloned speech as such only half the time （ie, no better than chance）. The outcome, according to George Papcun, an expert witness paid to detect fake recordings produced as evidence in court, is the appearance of a technology with enormous potential value for
37、disinfbrmation”.As might be expected, countermeasures to recognize such deception （欺 骗）are being developed.Nuance Communications, a maker of voice-activated software, is working on algorithms （算法）that detect tiny skips in frequency at the points where slices of speech are stuck together. Adobe, best
38、 known as the marker of Photoshop, an image-editing software suite, says that it may add digital watermarks to speech synthesized by a voice-cloning software called VbCo it is developing. Such technology may help computers recognize suspicious speech. Even so, it is easy to imagine the chaos that mi
39、ght be created in a world which makes it easy to put authentic-sounding words into the mouths of opponents 一 be they colleagues or heads of state.1、Paragraphs 1 and 2 are mainly about.A. significant elements influencing voice cloningB. possible applications of voice cloning in realityC. complexities
40、 of creating a synthetic copy of a voiceD. differences between traditional and existing voice banking2、Whafs Hasbros attitude towards Vivo Tesfs new app?A. Optimistic. B. Conservative.C. Unconcerned. D. Subjective.3、 The experiment carried out by Dr. Saxena and his colleagues shows that volunteers.A
41、. identified cloned speech in about 45 secondsB , preferred a real speech to a voice sampleC. proved only a little harder to fool than softwareD. found it hard to use the software to record their voices4、What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Investments should be increased to advance voice cl
42、oning.B. Long-term measures should be taken to popularize the idea of voice cloning.C. Disagreements among firms about the way to treat voice cloning are getting serious.D. Problems of voice cloning are unavoidable despite the efforts that have been made.Text 4We humans love to stare into our smart
43、devices.We gaze for hours-about 10 hours and 1 minutes a day-at our computers, smartphones, tablets and televisions.Is all this staring bad for us? It might be, mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.Blue light is a type of electromagnetic radiation with a
44、very short wavelength that produces a high amount of energy.While its true that light can damage our eyes under certain circumstances, theres no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes.But many people still think it is, which is why blue lightblocking glasses are so pop
45、ular.So do the glasses work?Everyone is very concerned that blue light may be causing damage to the eye, but theres no evidence that it may be causing serious damage, Dr.Rahul Khurana, clinical spokesman for the American Academy of Ophthalmologists, told Business Insider.Blue light exposure is nothi
46、ng new.In fact, the sun is the largest source of blue light.Moreover, blue light is also present in LED light.But if blue light isn*t harmful, then why are we constantly rubbing our eyes when were looking at our screens? The answer is eyestrain（眼疲劳）:More than 60 percent of people experience eye prob
47、lems associated with digital eyestrain. And blue light, it seems, isnt the cause.Instead, our eyes are so strained because most of us blink less when we stare at our digital devices.So if eyestrain is the real issue, blue light-blocking glasses are probably of little use.1、What do we know about blue
48、 light?A. It is a kind of nuclear radiation.B , It has the shortest wavelength.C. It may come from electronic devices.D. It consumes a great deal of energy.2、What causes the popularity of blue light-blocking glasses?A. Evidence of their benefits to eyes.B Belief in blue lights harmful effect.C. Widespread use of smart devices.D. Scientific understandi