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1、外语教学法自考题-16(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、B.Multiple Choice/B(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.Halliday claimed that language has _ meaning. A. formal and contextual B. functional and structural C. linguistic and non-linguistic D. descriptive and prescriptive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Halliday认为语言的意义有两种，形式意义和语境意义。2._ opened a
2、 laboratory of experimental psychology, which announced the official birth of the science in 1879. A. Max Wertheimer B. Kut Koffka C. Wilhelm Wundt D. Kurt Lewin（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Wilhelm Wundt是德国科学家，1879年在莱比锡大学(Leipzig University)建立了第一个实验心理学实验室，正式宣告了心理学作为一学科门诞生了。3.Psychoanalysis is a theory of
3、the mind put forward by _. A. John Watson B. Sigmund Freud C. Jean Piaget D. .E.Skinner（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 精神分析法的创始人是Freud。4.Grammar-Translation Method requires the teaching materials to be arranged according to _. A. vocabulary B. translation C. topic D. grammar（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语法翻译法的教学材料是
4、按照语法(grammar)体系安排的。5.The Berlitz Method which was adopted in the U. S. in 1878 by M. D. Berlitz is one school of the _. A. Direct Method B. Oral Method C. Natural Approach D. Cognitive Approach（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 贝利茨法(Berlitz Method)是由M.D.Berlitz 1878年在美国建立了第一所贝利茨学校后实行的语言教学方法，属于直接法的一个派别。6.Which m
5、ethod or approach mentions that vocabulary played one of the most important roles in foreign language learning, and learners should learn the most frequently used words?_. A. Oral Approach B. Cognitive Approach C. Grammar-Translation Method D. Natural Approach（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 口语法的倡导者Palmer等语言学
6、家强调词汇在外语学习中的重要作用，认为学习者应该学习使用频率最高的词汇。频率统计显示日常生活中常用词汇为2000个。7.The theory of language underlying Audiolingualism was derived from structural linguistics represented by _. A. Krashen and Terrel B. Wilkins and Hymes C. Bloomfield and Fries D. Canale and Swain（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 听说法的语言理论是结构语言学，代表人物为Blo
7、omfld和Fries。8.Chomsky made a difference between grammatical knowledge and the sentences it produced, the former of which allows a native speaker to make sentences in his language and Chomsky called it _. A. competence B. performance C. utterance D. innateness（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Chomsky提出所有的本族语掌握的
8、语法规则是有限的，这些有限规则可以产生无限的句子，Chomsky把这样的语法知识称为“competence，与之相对应的是实际表现出来的语法能力即“performance。9.The Cognitive Approach rejected the following views except _. A. Language is external to the mind of the individual B. Learning is a process of stimulus and response C. The environment of deliberate grammar teach
9、ing is not an aid to teaching D. Learners play a decisive role in foreign language learning（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 选项A是从语言学理论的角度探讨语言和个人的关系，认知法认为语言不是独立于个体人之外的事物；选项B是属于行为主义心理学理论，认为学习过程就是习惯形成的过程，由刺激与反应构成，选项C是从教学方法的层面来看，认知法不同于拒绝直接教授语法的听说法，认为专门的语法教学环境有助于提高教学质量；选项D是认知法的一个主要特征，即强调学习者本身。10.The _ was proposed
10、 in 1977 by Tracy Terrel, a teacher of Spanish at the University of California. A. Oral Approach B. Natural Approach C. Cognitive Approach D. Communicative Approach（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 自然法是加利福尼亚大学的一名西班牙语老师Tracy Terrel在1977年提出的一种新的语言教学法。11._ are abstract concepts such as existence, space, time, qua
11、ntity and quality. A. Abstract notions B. General notions C. Common notions D. Specific notions（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 Van Ek和Alexander。指出，意念(notions)可以分为general notions和specific notions两种。前者指抽象的概念，比如表达思想和观念的词语、地点、速度、时间等等。后者指具体的情境或场景，比如旅行、健康、教育、购物、服务等等。12.The _ maintains that the teacher should be si
12、lent as much as possible in the classroom and the learner should be encouraged to produce as much language as possible. A. Total Physical Response B. The Silent Way C. Community Language Learning D. Suggestopaedia（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 此题考查沉默法的概念。13._ advises teachers to consider their students as w
13、hole persons. A. The Community Language Learning B. The Silent Method C. The Cognitive Approach D. The Communicative Approach（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 团体语言教学法认为教师应该将学生看成完整的个体(whole person)，即教师不仅要考虑学生的情感和智力，也要考虑学生身体反应、本能反应以及学习愿望之间的关系。14._ the first language is used in the teaching of the second language
14、 in the Grammar-Translation Method. A. A lot of B. A little of C. Little of D. Not any（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语法翻译法主要使用母语教学。15.Students will be _ motivated to learn a foreign language when they feel they are learning to do something with the language they study. A. little B. more C. less D. least（分数：
15、1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 此题考查交际教学法的内容。学生学习用外语做事情会增强他们学习动机。16.Which of the following is NOT included in the Natural Approach? _. A. The Natural Approach emphasizes natural communication B. The Natural Approach is tolerant of learners errors C. The Natural Approach pays particular attention to the informal
16、acquisition of language rules D. The Natural Approach focuses on grammar study（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 此题采用排除法。自然法认为语法教学的作用是有限的。17.Gestalt psychology was founded in the 1920s by the following scientists except _. A. Max Wertheimer B. Wilhem Wundt C. Kurt Lewin D. Kut Koffka（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 此题采用排
17、除法，选项B Wilhelm Wundt是德国科学家，1879年在莱比锡大学(Leipzig University)建立了第一个实验心理学实验室，正式宣告了心理学作为一门学科诞生了。18.The monitor theory was put forward by _ in the late 1970S. A. Rod Ellis B. Michael McCarthy C. Tracy Terrel D. Stephen Krashen（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 监控理论是20世纪70年代末由Krashen提出，在美国的外语或二语习得教学领域颇具影响力。19.The teac
18、her has to possess _ level of language competence because she is the main source of input in the Communicative Approach. A. a very low B. an intermediate C. an ordinary D. a very high（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 交际教学法要求教师具有很高的语言水平，因为教师是课堂语言输入的主要来源，而且要和学生进行大量的交流互动。20.What can be introduced as a means of co
19、nsolidation and evaluation in the Direct Method? _. A. Fill-in-the-blank B. Dictation C. Writing D. Reading（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 此题考查直接法包含的教学技巧。写作活动在此法中可以用来巩固和评价学生的学习情况。二、B.Filling Blanks/B(总题数：20，分数：20.00)21.Based on the anthropologists fieldwork and his own research, Bloomfield concluded that the
20、 proper object of linguistics was 1.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：speech）解析：解析 Bloomfield基于之前人类学家的实地研究和自己的研究，总结出语言学应该研究的是言语(speech)。22.According to Halliday, the substance, one of the three primary levels, refers to the 1 of language which can be phonic or graphic.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：material）解析：解析 Halliday
21、早在1961年就指出语言可以从三个基本层次分析：substance，form以及context，其中substance指语言的物质表现，可以是语音也可以是字形。23.Malinowski arrived at the conclusion after his ethnographic researchers among some Melanesian tribes of Eastern New Guinea that the meaning of any single word is to a very high degree dependent on its 1.（分数：1.00）填空项1:
22、_（正确答案：context）解析：解析 Malinowski在新几内亚对马来西亚部落的语言进行研究时发现翻译该部落的语言是非常困难的，因此，他不得不借助另外一些知识来推断意思，比如一句话是在什么情况下说的，以及当地文化的背景。由此，他得出的结论是任一单词的意思在很大程度上是依赖其语境(context)的，脱离语境的一句话就是没有意义的。24.The purpose of Learning Latin before 18th century was to study classical culture and to train the mind by 1 analysis of the cla
23、ssical language.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：logical）解析：解析 学习拉丁语的目的是学习古典文化遗迹，通过对古典语言的逻辑(logical)分析来训练思维。25.The Direct Method believes in the 1 process of language learning and in the inductive teaching, of grammar.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：natural）解析：解析 直接法认为语言学习是个自然(natural)的过程，因此教授语法是归纳性(inductive)的。26.The Dir
24、ect Method aims at developing the students ability to 1 in the target language.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：communicate）解析：解析 直接法目的是发展学生用目标语交际的能力。27.The Oral Approach is a 1 method in which principles of grammatical and lexical gradation are used and new teaching points presented and practiced through meani
25、ngful situation-based activities.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：grammar-based）解析：解析 口语法是以语法为基础的一种语言教学方法，根据语法和词汇分级的原则，通过有意义的基于情境(situation-based)的活动展示并练习新的教学点。28. 1 was Palmers, the representative of the Oral Approach, core methodological principle.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：Habit-formation）解析：解析 Palmer 1921年The Pri
26、nciples of language Study一书中就提出语言教学和学习的基本原则，其中核心方法论原则是来源于行为主义的习惯形成(habit-formation)。29.According to the Audiolingual Method, language samples can be 1 described at any structural level.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：exhaustively）解析：解析 听说法认为我们可以无穷尽地(exhaustively)在任何结构层面上描述语言。30.The Audiolingual Method maintain
27、s that the major objective of language teaching should be for the students to acquire the 1 patterns.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：structural）解析：解析 听说法认为语言教学的主要目标就是让学生掌握语言的结构形式。31.Chomsky claimed that every normal human being was born with a/an 1, which included basic knowledge about the nature and structure
28、 of human language.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：LAD）解析：解析 LAD的全称为Language Acquisition Device，Chomsky认为每个人生来就有LAD，包括对人类语言本质和结构的最基本的知识。LAD可以用来解释为什么儿童的母语习得可以在相对很短的时间只凭借接触(exposure)即可完成。32.The objective according to cognitive proponents is to develop the students ability to the point at which they have a 1 cont
29、rol over the rules that allow native speakers to create the language necessary to communicate.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：minimum）解析：解析 认知法倡导者认为语言教学的目标是学生的语言能力发展到尽可能少地关注本族语者用来创造必要语言交流的规则，也就是说，他们能够对之前从没见过的语言形成自己的回答。33.Meaningful learning proposed by the Cognitive Approach draws on the students 1 which will
30、make learning more effective.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：experience）解析：解析 认知法强调有意义的学习，有意义的学习可以结合学生的经验从而使学习更有效。34.The core of the Natural Approach is language acquisition which is considered a 1 process.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：subconscious）解析：解析 自然法的核心是语言习得，语言习得(acquisition)与语言学习不同，前者是一个学习者潜意识作用的过程。35.Accordin
31、g to Krashen, 1 refers to the subconscious process leading to the development of competence and is not dependent on the teaching of grammatical rules.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：acquisition）解析：解析 Krashen将学习(1earning)和习得(acquisition)加以区分，其中习得是通过潜意识的学习过程获得语言能力的发展，而不依靠语法规则的教学。36.Functional linguistics is conc
32、erned with language as an instrument of social 1 rather than as a system that is viewed in isolation.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：interaction）解析：解析 功能语言学将语言看作社会交流的工具，而不是分离的单独的系统。37.According to David Nunan, the introduction of 1 texts into the learning situation is one of the main characteristics of the Com
33、municative Approach.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：authentic）解析：解析 David Nunan总结交际教学法的特征时指出，外语教学应当使用真实(authentic)的语境。38.The Communicative Approach advocates the 1 of four skills and hold that the skills are rarely used in isolation outside the classroom in a real sense.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：integration）解析：解析 交
34、际法提倡综合教授四种语言技巧。39.In cognitive psychology, 1 refers to the process by which new items are added to a concept or schema.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：assimilation）解析：解析 根据Piaget的认知心理学理论，儿童通过与周围环境互动获得的图式(schema)和概念(concept)要借助两个过程，即同化过程(assimilation)和适应过程(accommodation)。其中，同化过程(assimilation)指的是新的语言项目添加到原本头脑中已存
35、的概念(concept)或者图式(schema)的过程。40.The discourse theory insists that the natural order of second language acquisition is the result of the learners learning to make discourse 1.（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：interactions）解析：解析 语篇理论认为，二语习得的自然顺序是学习者学习语篇互动(interaction)的结果。三、B.Matching/B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)Directions: Th
36、is section consists of two groups of pairs listed in two columns, A and B. You are to match the marked , , , , or in Column A with the one marked a, b, c, d, or e in Column B. One point is given to each pair you match correctly.A. The purposeB. Techniques used in the Natural Approacha. to get the st
37、udents to learn something new otherthan language reference rankingb. to involve students in communicating informationabout themselves problem-solving activitiesc. to discuss and solve the problem or finding thedesired information individual reports and presentationsd. to provide an important experie
38、nce in the acquisitionprocess gamese. to allow early use of the target language withoutplacing little demand on the individual student volunteered group responses（分数：5.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：-b）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：-c）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：-a）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：-d）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：-e）解析：A. The advantagesB. FLTMa. It makes lan
39、guage teaching possible to large groupsof learners. The Grammar-Translation Methodb. It helps comprehension and production of writtenlanguage. The Direct Methodc. It is the first attempt to establish theoretical principles. The Oral Approachd. It is more suitable for adult language learners. The Aud
40、iolingual Methode. It helps students form the habit of thinking in thetarget language. The Cognitive Approach（分数：5.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：-b）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：-e）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：-c）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：-a）解析：填空项1:_（正确答案：-d）解析：四、B.Questions for Brief Answers/B(总题数：6，分数：30.00)41.List at least five techniques used in Gr
41、ammar-Translation Method.（分数：5.00）_正确答案：(A Grammar-Translation teacher usually uses the following techniques to help realize the course objectives: reading, translation, deductive teaching of grammar, analysis and comparison, memorization, reading comprehension questions, and written work.)解析：42.Wha
42、t are the objectives of language teaching according to the Direct Method?（分数：5.00）_正确答案：(To foster students ability to communicate in the target language. To enable students to think in the target language. To train the four skills. To achieve correct pronunciation.)解析：43.Why should the situation be given before presenting language patterns in Oral Approach?（分数：5.00）_正确答案：(Because it is easier for the students to internalize the grammatical rules with the help of situation provided.)解析：44.List at least three guidelines for classroom practice set up by th