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1、专题16 阅读理解七选五 组合练20篇2022-2023学年寒假高二英语轻松突破重难点查漏补缺组合练（原卷版）（一）My, what a big beak you have!For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help to make the effects of a warmer world less harmful. _8
2、_ In a paper published in Trends & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD candidate at Deakin University, shows that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks (喙), legs and ears.In some species of Australian parrot, for
3、instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern. _9_All that is perfectly consistent with evolutionary theory. “Allens rule”, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, ho
4、lds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger body parts than those in temperate (温带的) regions. _10_ Being richly filled with blood vessels, and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara
5、Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.Ms. Ryding is not the first researcher to take that approach. But it is hard, when dealing with individual species, to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (解剖学的) changes. All sorts of other factors
6、, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might have been driving the changes. _11_ The team combined data from different species in different places. Since they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasona
7、ble explanation._12_ That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might make feeding harder, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.AHowever, lo
8、oking at the bigger picture makes the pattern clearer.BFor now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%.CAnimals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviors.DIt seems that the future world is going to be hotter than humans are used to.ETherefore, the negative effe
9、cts of a warmer world are visible in these animals bodies.FSuch adaptations boost an animals surface area relative to its body, helping it to release extra heat.GSimilar trends are seen in mammals, with species of mice and bats evolving bigger ears, legs and wings.（二）Have you ever wondered how the t
10、rainers at Sea World get the 19,000-pound whale to jump 22 feet out of water and perform tricks? They get that whale to go over a rope farther out of the water than most of us can imagine. _16_.So how do the trainers at Sea World do it? The first thing they do is reinforce(强化) the behavior that they
11、 want repeated - in this case, to get the whale to go over the rope._17_, in a position where the whale cant help but do whats expected of it. Every time the whale goes over the rope, its given positive reinforcement and gets fed with fish. But what happened when the whale goes under the rope? Nothi
12、ng no criticism, no warning and no feedback. _18_.Positive reinforcement is the key of that simple principle that produces such splendid results. And as the whale begins to go over the rope more often than under, the trainers begin to raise the rope. It must be raised slowly enough so that the whale
13、 doesnt starve._19_. Make a big deal out of the good and little stuff that we want consistently. Secondly, under-criticize. People know they need help when they mess up. _20_, people will not forget the event and usually will not repeat it.So we need to set up the circumstances so that people cant f
14、ail. Over-celebrate, under-criticizeand know how far to raise the rope.AThis is a great challengeBAnd the whale stays right where it isCIf we figure out a way to motivate the whaleDThey start with the rope below the surface of the waterEIf we under-criticize, punish and discipline less than expected
15、FWhales are taught that their negative behavior wont be acknowledgedGThe simple lesson to be learned from the whale trainers is to over-celebrate（三）Have you ever realized in the middle of a dream that youre dreaming? If this happens during a nightmare (噩梦), you can wake yourself up._16_Want to fly?
16、Go right ahead! People call this type of experience a lucid dream (清醒梦).The key to lucid dreaming is realizing that you are in a dream. To do that, most people need some sort of signal, often called a “reality check”. One way of checking is to look at a digital clock or words on a page, look away, a
17、nd then look back again. _17_Lucid dreaming enthusiasts recommend doing reality checks multiple times every day. The idea is to get so used to doing it during the day that you do it in dreams too.A handful of high-tech devices and even some apps promise a shortcut to lucid dreams. _18_ The goal is f
18、or the lights or sounds to show up in the dream. Then, the user is supposed to realize, “Hey, Im dreaming!”_19_If the lights or sounds are too weak, the user wont notice them. If they are too bright or loud, theyll wake up the user. In addition, the device has to identify when the person is actually
19、 dreaming. Almost all dreams happen during a stage of sleep called REM (short for rapid eye movement). When scientists want to identify REM sleep, they attach Aurora, a headband, to a persons head to measure brain waves. _20_But think twice before you start saving up your allowance for a fancy headb
20、and. A recent scientific review of lucid dreaming devices found that none of them consistently produced results.AAnother way is to keep a dream journal.BUnfortunately, this doesnt always work out.CSuccessful lucid dreams involve practice and effort.DThese devices shine lights or sounds as reality ch
21、ecks.EDuring dreams, it shines colored lights or play soft music.FIn a dream, words and numbers often shift or change completely.GIf it happens during a normal dream, you can decide what to dream about next.（四）Oscar Wilde once said, “Man is least himself when he talks in his own person. Give him a m
22、ask, and he will tell you the truth.” Art provides a way to communicate experiences when people lack verbal skills. _16_Art therapy is founded on the assumption that everyone is creative and capable of self-expression._17_ As a restorative practice, it allows people to express themselves in non-verb
23、al ways, such as drawing and painting. Even a 45-minute creative activity can change a persons mental state. Working with an art therapist does even more: _18_Young children typically draw and sing and dance without worrying about their abilities. Adults, however, often have complex feelings about a
24、rt and art making. They begin to evaluate the quality of their art instead of focusing on self-expression itself. _19_ However, art therapists can guide people in expressing themselves without concerning whether their artwork is technically brilliant, so that they can connect or reconnect with the a
25、rtworks that help them deal with life challenges.What are art therapists superpower? They can channel dangerous thoughts into imaginative artworks. For instance, people with violent tendencies might let out their anger by hitting another human being. _20_ These artistic choices satisfy the brains de
26、sire for novelty without compromising personal safety.AArt therapy is a double-edged sword.BThus, the many benefits of creative self-expression are lost.CThey develop art as an expressive skill for solving problems.DBut, obviously, releasing their anger in this way isnt a good choice.EArt therapy, i
27、n its own ways, can influence a range of human functioning.FIt can significantly enhance positive moods and boost measures of well-being.GHowever, with art therapists help, their energy could be changed into creative products.（五）Morgans Wonderland, located in San Antonio, Texas, is a theme park inte
28、nded mainly for mentally or physically disabled children. The park was built by a man called Gordon Hartman, a former real estate developer(房地产开发商). _12_Completely wheelchair-accessible, the park is home to a variety of thrilling rides. _13_ The adapted rides include the Off-Road Adventure, where gu
29、ests can test their driving skills in sporty vehicles.Moreover, each visitor is offered the option to wear a GPS Adventure Band, which allows them to keep track of each other while in the park. _14_ For example, when the riders scan the band at the Off-Road Adventure, a photo will be taken and sent
30、to their email.In June 2017, Morgans Wonderland celebrated the opening of Morgans Inspiration Island. _15_ The wheelchair guests can transfer out of their chairs into unique, waterproof chairs and enjoy the splash park without risking damage to their personal wheelchairs._16_ Besides, fees for the g
31、eneral public are set at a much discounted price so that people of all ages and abilities can come together and play in a fun and safe environment.AAdmission for guests with special needs is free.BThe new expansion is composed of five themed splash pads and a River Boat Adventure Ride.CThe worlds fi
32、rst wheelchair-accessible family fun park, Morgans Wonderland opened in the spring of 2010.DYou cant afford to miss your trip to Morgans Wonderland.EThe rides are custom designed to accommodate wheelchair riders so that every family member can enjoy the fun.FThe band also enables them to take part i
33、n electronic activities.GThe creation of the park was inspired by his daughter, Morgan, who suffers from severe mental and physical challenges.（六）Self-esteem (自尊) is the opinion we have of ourselves. When we have healthy self-esteem, we tend to feel positive about ourselves and life. If we have low
34、self-esteem, we may feel anxious and look down on ourselves. Low self-esteem often begins in childhood. Our teachers, friends and parents send us positive and negative messages about ourselves. _16_. Besides, stress and difficult life events can have a negative effect on self-esteem. Personality can
35、 play a part, too. Some people are just more likely to have negative thinking. _17_. If you have low self-esteem, you may hide yourself away from social situations, stop trying new things, and avoid things you find challenging. In the long term, this can backfire because it makes your doubts and fea
36、rs stronger. You may also develop unhelpful habits, such as smoking and drinking too much.To improve your self-esteem, you need to identify the negative beliefs you have about yourself, and then challenge them. _18_. Note these thoughts. Next, start to write some evidence that challenges these negat
37、ive beliefs, such as “Im really good at crosswords” or “My sister calls for a chat every week”. You could also write down other positive things about yourself on the list and add them to the list regularly. Then put your list where you can see it._19_.You can also learn to be assertive to improve yo
38、ur self-esteem. One trick is to look at other people who act assertively and copy what they do. _20_. Its picking up tips from people you admire and letting your true self come out.ALow self-esteem affects people negativelyBIts not about pretending youre someone elseCThat way, you can keep reminding
39、 yourself that youre OKDThose beliefs come from negative messages you once receivedEPeople with low self-esteem have their unique way of dealing with the problemFFor some reason, those meaning that youre not good enough often stay with youGYou may think youre too stupid to get a new job or that nobo
40、dy cares about you（七）Learn to Be Accountable (负责任的)How does it feel when you own up to something? Taking responsibility for your actions not only feels good, it also teaches you to trust yourself and strengthens friendships. _20_What does being accountable mean?It can be easy to blame others or make
41、 excuses for mistakes, but being accountable means accepting that you are responsible for what you say and do. _21_ You could easily say the bus was late, but being accountable means apologizing and accepting that it was your responsibility to get there on time. However, being accountable doesnt mea
42、n taking the blame for things you cant change, such as what other people do or say. Youre only accountable for things you can control._22_According to research, understanding that you have control over your own actions makes you feel more positive and hopeful about the future. Taking responsibility
43、can make other people trust you more as well. It is also an opportunity to fix your mistakes and learn from them, which helps you to trust yourself more too.How can I be accountable?_23_ One way of doing this is by drawing a circle of control to help you work this out. As well as being responsible f
44、or what you can change, try accepting the things you cant. The Big Life Journal says, “We cant always control what happens to us, but we do have a say in how we respond to it. We can still choose our attitude.” Finally, being accountable also includes taking responsibility when things go right, too.
45、 _24_AHow is being accountable good for me?BHow does being accountable make me feel?CStart by understanding what is in and out of your control.DImagine arranging to meet a friend and then turning up late.ERemember no one is perfect and everyone messes up sometimes.FRemember to celebrate and feel goo
46、d about yourself when this happens.GBesides, being accountable can improve your happiness and help achieve more.（八）How do you decide on a hobby? Here are some ways to figure out what is best suited to you.Look at your childhood. Think about what pursuits made you happy as a child. Did you take lesso
47、ns in dance, music, ice skating or art? _16_Go on a search for inspiration. Just walking around a craft store among the chalk, paints, scrapbooks and bric-a-brac （小摆设） might remind you of an old passion or a fun craft you always wanted to try. _17_ Sometimes we take part in activities every day that
48、 could become hobbies with a small change in awareness and attitude.Enjoy cooking. If you spend a lot of time cooking for your family, consider devoting some free time to the fun parts of cooking.Consider the family pet. _18_ Or take obedience （服从） classes and discover the world of pet agility training and competition.Try home de