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1、Middle School English Basic Middle School English Basic Grammar CoursewareGrammar CoursewareNounPronounVerbSubjects and advertisementsPositions and connectionsSense structureNounNoun01 names for general categories of things,people,or ideas,e.g.,cat,teacher,happinessCommon nouns names of specific ind
2、ividuals or things,e.g.,John,China,Mount EverestProp nounsTypes of Nouns used to refer to one thing,person,or idea,e.g.,cat,teacher,book used to refer to more than one thing,person,or idea,e.g.,cats,teachers,booksThe number of nounsPlural nounsSingular nounsPossessive nouns used to show session or o
3、wnership,e.g.,Johns book,the teachers desk,the childrens toysFormation of passive nouns usually by adding an apostrophe and the letters to the end of the noun,e.g.,dogs,girls,familys However,for plural nouns ending ins,only the finals is added,e.g.,boysThe positive case of nounsPronounPronoun02Perso
4、nal pronounsUsed as the subject of a verb to express the speakerused as the object of a verb or a positionused to refer to a third person singular male/femaleused to refer to a thing or an animalIYouHe/sheItMineYourHer/hisItsPositive pronouns01020304 refers to something that belongs to the speaker r
5、efers to something that belongs to the listener refers to something that belongs to a third person male/female refers to something that belongs to an animal or thingThis used to point out a person,thing,or ideaThat used to point out a person,thing,or idea at a distanceDemonstrative pronounsInterrogt
6、ive pronounsWhoused to ask about the identity of a personWhatused to ask about the identity of a thingVerbVerb03 The basic form of a verb is the form that does not change,also known as the infinitive form.It is the most basic and common form of a verbSummary The basic form of verbs is the same for a
7、ll individuals and tensions It is the form that ends in-to in the infinity,as in to run,to eat,to write.DescriptionThe basic form of verbs Verb tense refers to the time when the action or event occurs It is used to express past,present,or future actions or eventsSummary There are three main tensions
8、:present,past,and future Each tense has different forms to show the time when the action takes place For example,the present tense is used for actions that are happening now,the past tense for actions that have already happened,and the future tense for actions that will happen in the futureDescripti
9、onThe tense of verbs The voice of a verb refers to where the subject of the verb is performing the action(active voice)or where the subject is being acted upon(passive voice)Summary The active voice emphasizes the subject performing the action,while the passive voice emphasizes the action itself For
10、 example,in the active voice,The cat married the ball(the subject cat is performing the action),while in the passive voice,The ball was married by the cat(the subject ball is being acted upon)DescriptionThe voice of verbsSubjects and advertisementsSubjects and advertisements04Definition Adjectives a
11、re words used to describe or modify nouns or pronouns They provide additional information about the subjectTypes Adjectives can be classified into different types,such as descriptive,positive,and demonstrativePosition Objectives commonly come before the noun they modify,but some of them can come aft
12、er the noun or even in the middle of a sentenceExamples Beautiful flower,Happy child,Big dogAdjectivesDefinition Advertisements are words used to modify or describe verbs,objections,or other advertisements They provide additional information about the action or state of the subjectTypes Advertisers
13、can be classified into different types,such as temporary,modal,and spatialPosition Advantageously come after the verb they modify,but they can also come before or after other parts of the sentenceExamples She runs quickly.,He speaks soft.,They will definitively win.01020304AdvertisersVS Comparative
14、forms of advisors and advisors are used to compare two things or people They are formed by adding-er to the end of the objective or advisorSuperlative Forms Superlative forms of objections and advertisements are used to compare more than two things or people They are formed by adding-est to the end
15、of the objective or advisorComparative FormsThe comparative and superior forms of objections and advertisementsUse Comparative and superior forms are often used in senses with that or the to compare things or peopleExamples He is teller than her.,She sings the best in the class.,This is the oldest b
16、uilding in the city.The comparative and superior forms of objections and advertisementsPositions and connectionsPositions and connections05Definition:A preposition is a word used to indicate the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other parts of a sentence.Common prepositions include in,on,at
17、,by,with,etc.Usage:Prepositions are used to describe position,time,manner,etc.,such as in the morning or on the weekend.PositionDefinition:A conjunction is a word used to connect two or more sentences or parts of a sentence.Common conjunctions include and,but,or,so,etc.Usage:Conjunctions are used to
18、 connect two or more sentences or clauses,such as and in I like apples and bananas.ConjunctionSense structureSense structure06Definition of simple sentence A simple sentence is a sentence that contains only one subject and one predicate.Example of a simple sentence I love English(I love English.)The
19、 characteristics of simple sentences simple and clear,expressing a complete meaning.Simple sensesThe characteristic of coordinate sentences is to express two or more interrelated or complementary meanings.The definition of a coordinate sentence:A coordinate sentence is a sentence composed of two or more simple sentences connected by a coordinate conjunction.Example of a compound sentence:I love English,and I want to become a translator(I love English and I want to become a translator.)Compound presence感谢观看THANKSTHANKS