《33 科学新知2-2023年中考英语新热点时文阅读-中考英语备考资料重点汇总知识点归纳.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《33 科学新知2-2023年中考英语新热点时文阅读-中考英语备考资料重点汇总知识点归纳.docx（13页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、2023年中考英语新热点时文阅读-科学新知2题型主要内容1完型填空讲述了仁济医院采用了 5G的医疗技术让医生观看手术过程，从而提图治愈疾病的故 事。2阅读理解中国第一只克隆猫成功被培育出来，意味着中国克隆研究领域向前迈进了一步。3阅读理解介绍了 SSD一一副特殊的手套。4阅读理解讲述了科学家尝试在太空种植蔬菜。5阅读理解介绍了在2022年冬奥会期间4个令人们受益匪浅的科技发明产品。6阅读理解介绍了一种高科技的可移动补丁，它可以用在衣服上，并能产生人体所需的热量。01（2022江西赣州校考模拟预测）Shanghai Renji Hospital broadcast（直播）a cancer（癌症）
2、 operation, using 5G technology first in China with the Da Vinci Robotics System. It is the1 robotic system for difficult operations. It uses a minimally invasive approach（彳散仓方 法）.The broadcast 2 doctors in Renji HospitaPs Ningbo branch（分院）in Zhejiang and their workmates in Shanghai to watch each st
3、ep of the operation 3 at the same time. It was just like being the surgeon（夕卜科医生）in the operation room.The patient was a 65-year- old woman 4 from cancer. The degree of 5 for the operation was high. The 6 was performed by Zhong Ming, a pioneer surgeon.The hospitafs Ningbo branch was in 7 in 2018. Bu
4、t Zhong Ming, who works in both hospitals, soon found that the doctors in Ningbo did not have enough 8 to watch difficult cases and master medical technology. The hospital came up with the 9 to broadcast a live operation.Doctors in Ningbo are able to10the details of the difficult operation with a wi
5、derview. The doctors can see clearly11Zhong operated on the blood vessels（血管）andnerves（神经）.One of the doctors in Ningbo said that in the past they had tried to use other technologies during such broadcasts, but none of them is clear or 12 enough. The 5G network helps the medical circle 13 the proble
6、m. This was the 14 time he had watched such a clear broadcast of an operation, and it was impressive（令人印象深亥（j 的）.Maybe one day, well be able to watch a （n）15 broadcast of an operation in Shanghai through our phones with 5G network. Such broadcasts are good for young doctors to learn the most modern
7、technology to treat more patients.C. biggestC. allowedC. carefullyC. learning1. A. newest2. A. taught3. A. clearly4. A. comingB. oldestB choseB. beautifullyB hearingD smallestD understoodD happilyD suffering18 .细节理解题。根据“The kitten named Garlic（大蒜）was born on July 21, 2019, in a laboratory（实验室）of the
8、 biotechnology company Sinogene.”和A company in Beijing announced that it had successfully bred（繁殖）Chinas first cloned（克隆）cat, reports China Science and Technology Daily.”可知，Sinogene是北京的一家生物公司，故选A。19 . B 20. A 21. D 22. D 23. C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了 SSD一副特殊的手套。20 .细节理解题。根据“Researchers at the University o
9、f New South Wales, Australia, have made gloves that can recreate the sense of touch. They call this haptic device （触觉装置）a soft skin stretch device，（SSD”何知，澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员已经制作出了能够重现触 感的手套。他们称之为触觉装置“软皮肤拉伸设备（SSD）。由此可知，SSD指的是一双特 殊的手套。故选B。21 .词句猜测题。根据“A pair of special gloves might make this a reality.”
10、可知,一双特殊的手 套可能让这件事成为现实，说明reality意为“现实”。故选A。22 .主旨大意题。根据“The SSD works like this”可知，SSD的工作原理是这样的，可见第三 段讲述的是SSD是如何工作的。故选D。23 .细节理解题。根据“The SSD is special because it has a high level of sensitivity even when it is used continuously. This makes it feel more realistic.“可知，SSD 是特别的，因为即使在连续 使用的情况下它仍有一个高水平的敏
11、感性，这使它更逼真。可见SSD的特别是因为它有很 高的灵敏度。故选D。24 . 推理判断题。 根据Two doctors in different places could work together during an operation （手术）one touches the patients organs （器官）with the SSD while the other doctor feels the same sensation （感觉）and completes the operation.”可知,两个医生共同手术，一个医生操作 手术，而另一个也会有相同的触感，可见SSD使得远程操
12、作成为可能。故选C。25 . D 25. B 26. A 27. D【导语】本文主要讲述了科学家尝试在太空种植蔬菜。26 .细节理解题。根据“This means that it is possible to grow nutritious and safe food on ISS and astronauts should be able to eat vegetables grown in Veggie without worrying about getting sick.” 可知，测试是否有可能在国际空间站上种植有营养和安全的食物，故选D。27 .细节理解题。根据“And we did
13、 not find any differences in nutrients between ISS-grown lettuce and Earth-grown produce.”可知，ISS种植的生菜和地球种植的生菜在营养成分上有任何差异， 故选B。28 . 词句猜测题。 根据“Therefore, we need to make sure that growing environments are consistent in Veggie. Then astronauts can be confident about the nutrients in their food during t
14、heir long stay inspace.”可知，只有确保蔬菜的生长环境是一致的，宇航员才能对食物中的营养成分充满信 心，因此“are consistent意为“Stay unchanged.。故选 A。29 .推理判断题。根据Even though our lettuce is safe to eat, we still need to work out two problems.”可知，还有一些问题要去解决，因此科学家还要进一步做研究，故选D。30 . A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. C【导语】本文介绍了在2022年冬奥会期间4个令人们受益匪浅的科技发明产品。31 .细
15、节理解题。根据“Fresh Air中的“The Winter Olympics uses large mobile air purifiers （净 化器）, They can catch and kill bacteria （Z田菌）from the air making sure that large closed gyms have clean air all the time.”可知，冬奥会使用大型移动空气净化器，它们可以捕捉并杀死细 菌，确保大型封闭健身房始终保持清洁空气。故选A。32 .细节理解题。根据“It can work for four to five hours at a
16、 time.”可知，这个机器人可以连续 工作四至五小时。故选B。33 . 推理判断题。 根据“It walks over to a person who is not wearing a mask and advises him or her to wear one.”可知，它走到一个没有戴口罩的人面前，建议他或她戴口罩。说明它关心他 人。故选B。34 .细节理解题。根据When wearing this cbandage, on their upper arms, people can see the information in a phone app.”可知,当人们将这种“绷带”戴在上臂
17、时，可以在手机应用程序中 看到信息。故选C。35 .推理判断题。本文介绍了在2022年冬奥会期间4个令人们受益匪浅的科技发明产品。 因此可以在科学杂志上看到这篇文章。故选C。36 . D 34. C 35. B 36. C【导语】本文主要介绍了一种高科技的可移动补丁，它可以用在衣服上，并能产生人体所需 的热量。37 .推理判 断题。根据“Solving the energy problem, a main cause of global wanning, would require people to use less energy for indoor heating.”可知，下文要说明人们
18、如何减少能源的使用。所 以第一段的目的是展示背景信息。故选D。38 .词义猜测题。根据第二段“Engineers at Rutgers University and Oregon State University have found a way to make thin and lasting beating patches.They are inexpensive and are able to produce heat where the human body needs it since they can be sewed as patches.”可矢口这段主要介绍了 罗格斯大学和俄勒
19、冈州立大学的工程师们找到了一种制作轻薄而耐久的加热补丁的方法，可 以推测这里的They指的是这种“轻薄而耐久的加热补丁”。故选Co39 .细节理解题。根据最后段“The engineers also want to know how many patches would be needed and where they should be placed on people to keep them comfortable while using less indoor energy”可知，工程师们还想知道需要多少贴片，以及应该把贴片贴在人们身上的什么地方， 以保持舒适，同时减少室内能源的消耗，
20、所以接下来他们要进一步研究这种补丁怎么样才能 让人感到更舒服。故选B。40 .最佳标题题。根据第二段“What if you could warm up with high-tech and removable patches （可移动的补丁）in your clothes while saving money and causing fewer carbon footprints?”可 知，本文主要介绍了一种高科技的可移动补丁，它可以用在衣服上，并能产生人体所需的热 量。所以C选项“在衣服上使用高科技加热补丁”是最佳标题。故选C。5.A temperatureB.difficultyC pe
21、rformanceD education6.A. programB.operationC actionD. illness7.A orderB.dangerC. troubleD- service8.A timeB.moneyC. chancesD experience9.A. discussionB.argumentC - ideaD agreement10.A. watchB.findC. forgetD. build11.A. whyB.howC. whereD. when12.A. strongB.cheapC smoothD. lively13.A. solveB.meetC. en
22、terD. discover14.A. firstB.secondC. thirdD. fourth15.A - freeB.busyC activeD. live02（2022河北石家庄统考一模）A company in Beijing announced that it had successfully bred（繁殖）Chinas first cloned（克隆）cat, reports China Science and Technology Daily.“The kitten named Garlic（大蒜）was bom on July 21, 2019, in a laborat
23、ory（实验室）of the biotechnology company Sinogene. It was born from an embryo （胚胎）carried by a surrogate（代孕） mother,“ said Wang Jidong, the CEO of Sinogene.Garlic has been verified（证实的）as a cloned cat by a third-party verification organization, and is cuiTently in a good condition.”The birth of the kitt
24、en is the result of a cloning program that began last August. Chen Dayuan, a researcher from the Institute of Zoology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said the technology developed by the company has a high success rate: one cloned kitten from four implanted suiTogates.Ifs rare（罕见的）for cats to be
25、 successfully cloned, said Shi Zhensheng, a professor from the Veterinary Medicine College at China Agricultural University. Cats have unique reproductive characteristics, which make them difficult to clone. The success of Sinogene marks a step forward in Chinas cloning research sector.The cloning t
26、echnology used to create Garlic will help China to build a genetic library of endangered species （物种）,with the goal of breeding species under threat of extinction.16. How old is the cloned cat Garlic now?A Less than one year old.B. One year old.C. Two years old.D. Three years old.17. The underlined
27、expression of “in a good condition” could be replaced by.A. happyB. healthyC. beautifulD. expensive18. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. Sinogene is a biotechnology company in Beijing.B The cloning program began in July, 2019.C. Its common to clone cats successfully because they are ea
28、sy to clone.D. The success of cloning Garlic might help China save endangered plants.03（2022云南昆明云大附中校考三模）Imagine this: you and your friend are on a video call. He or she picks up a book, and you feel like youre holding the book as well. You can shake hands or give your friend a high five, even thoug
29、h you,re apart.A pair of special gloves might make this a reality. Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have made gloves that can recreate the sense of touch. They call this haptic device （触觉装置）a soft skin stretch device” （SSD）.The SSD works like this: One users gloves create
30、 3D force signals when they touch something. The signals are sent to the other users gloves, which vibrate （震动）to create the same force that the first user is experiencing. This allows the second user to experience the same sense of touch.The SSD allows you to feel force, vibration and change. It is
31、 like wearing a second skin J said Thanh Nho Do, one of the researchers who created the gloves.Haptic technology is already being widely used. For example, the track pads （触控板）in laptops use vibration to make it feel like youre clicking a real mouse. However, it is difficult to recreate the sense of
32、 touch in virtual （虚拟的）environments or outside, according to Mai Thanh Thai, lead researcher of the SSD project. The SSD is special because it has a high level of sensitivity （敏感）even when it is used continuously. This makes it feel more practical.The SSD could be used in medical practice. Two docto
33、rs in different places could work together during an operation （手术）one touches the patients organs （器官） with the SSD while the other doctor feels the same sensation （感觉）and completes the operation.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。19. What does “SSD in the story refer to?A. A video chat app.C A computer hard drive.20.
34、What does the underlined word reality”A.现实B.梦想21. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. What the SSD allows users to feel.C. What the SSD is used for.22. Why does the SSD feel so practical?A. Because it creates vibrations.C. Because it senses continuous actions.B A special pair of gloves.D. Winter clo
35、thes.in Paragraph 2 probably mean?C.虚拟D.愿望B , How the SSD creates signals.D. How the SSD works.B Because it works out the senses.D. Because it has a high level of sensitivity.23. What do we know from the story?A. The SSD aims to improve video calls.B Haptic devices are hard to use.C. The SSD makes a
36、n operation in the different places possible.D. Haptic technology is mostly used in gaming.04（2022秋北京西城八年级统考期末）astronautHave you ever thought about what astronauts eat when theyre in space? What would they eat if they had to travel all the way to Mars （火星）? A lot of the food astronauts eat is proces
37、sed （力口 工过的）because its simple to eat and easy to take into space. However, some vitamins （维生 素）can break down if the food is stored for a long time. People may have health problems if they eat processed food every day.Growing fresh food in space might help astronauts stay healthy. It would also giv
38、e them more food choices. Fresh vegetables grown on Earth have many nutrients （营养物质）that processed food do not have. However, we dont know if vegetables grown in space are the same. Another worry is making sure that these vegetables dont have the bacteria or fungi 件田菌或真菌）that could make people sick.
39、Luckily, we have a plant growth room called Veggie on ISS （the International Space Station）. We used Veggie to find out if its possible to grow nutritious and safe food in space.We used Veggie to grow red lettuce （红生菜）over three years. We compared these （ISS-grown） vegetables to those grown at the s
40、ame time on Earth. They were grown under the same conditions as on the ISS. We did research on the leaves and roots of all the lettuce plants. And we did not find any differences in nutrients between ISS-grown lettuce and Earth-grown produce. This means that it is possible to grow nutritious and saf
41、e food on ISS and astronauts should be able to eat vegetables grown in Veggie without worrying about getting sick.Even though our lettuce is safe to eat, we still need to work out two problems. Firstly, there are more bacteria and fungi on ISS-grown lettuce. The wet environment in Veggie is probably
42、 the reason. Secondly, there are some differences in nutrients between the vegetables we grew in different years. Plants can change with too much or too little water, but it is hard to water plants in zero gravity （零 重力）Therefore, we need to make sure that growing environments are consistent in Vegg
43、ie. Then astronauts can be confident about the nutrients in their food during their long stay in space.24. The researchers grew red lettuce in Veggie to.A. decide what kind of food astronauts should eat in spaceB find out how to keep astronauts safe and healthy in spaceC. check if fresh vegetables c
44、an be processed safely in spaceD. test if its possible to grow nutritious and safe food in space25 . What can we learn from the passage?A. Earth-grown vegetables are safer and have more nutrients.B ISS-grown lettuce of different years has different nutrients.C. Scientists wanted to understand nutrie
45、nts in processed food.D. Fewer bacteria and fungi were found on ISS-grown vegetables.26. What do the underlined words are consistenf, in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Stay unchanged. B. Become special. C. Stay comfortable. D. Become enjoyable.27. The last paragraph suggests that.A. Veggie play
46、s an important part in astronauts9 healthy eatingB astronauts need to keep the plant growth room dry and cleanC. researchers didnt find out what food could be grown in spaceD. scientists need to do further research on planting food in space05（2022.山西.统考模拟预测）请阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出 一个最佳选项。As we
47、all know, the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is very successful. During the Games, there are some inventions that benefit people a lot. Lets take a look at them.Fresh AirAs COVID-19 can spread through the air, clean air is the key to keep all Games players safe and healthy.The Winter Olympics uses lar
48、ge mobile air purifiers （净化器）.They can catch and kill bacteria （细菌）from the air making sure that large closed gyms have clean air all the time.Disinfection （消毒）robotBeijings Wukesong Sports Center hosts ice hockey events. There is a robot for disinfection. The 1.4-meter-tall robot has a giraffe-like neck, a fan on its head and a big “b