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1、备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清（通用版）动词（短语）知识网络行为动词（实义动词）及物动词（带宾语）：study, develop;不及物动词（不带宾语）work, swim, go, come状态动词（相对静止）contain, exist, own, prefer, belong动词的分类动作动词：延续性（work, stay）；非延续性（marry, g。, come）连系动词（汉语中没有这种词类）助动词（与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语）be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall情态动词can(could)
2、,may(might),must,shall(should)makes ends w 98 his ship being broken or attacked by pirates. Each time this happens Gulliver finds h 99 in a strange land with even stranger people.Its writer, Jonathan Swift, was born into a poor family in Dublin, Ireland. His mother couldnt afford to raise her childr
3、en, s 100 she left her children in the care of relatives. His life experiences made a great difference to his w 101 In his works, he had pity on the poor and hated the rich and powerful.The book was a s 102 when first published and is still popular today because both young readers and adults e 103 i
4、t. This is because it can be enjoyed as a young readers fantasy story about travel and adventure and also as a political satire （讽刺）for adults.In fact, Gulliver, Travels is a travel book and Gulliver is a great adventurer. He always wants to leave h 104 and travel on the seas another time. All these
5、 make the book a classic. So people are never 1105 while reading.At the end of the story Gulliver finally ends his travels but he is strongly c 106 by them. He learns that there are many different ideas of what makes a civilized （文明的）society and that we must not feel superior （优越的） to others because
6、 they are different.一Taken from Gulliver s Travels2 根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。It is known that teeth are very important for all of us. With good teeth, you can enjoy more delicious foods and you can smile more freely 107 feeling embarrassed （尴尬的）.So you need to develop some good habits to pr
7、otect your teeth.Dont use your teeth as tools. Teeth are mainly used for eating food. Its 108 to open bottles, remove tags （标签）from clothing or something else with your teeth.Choose your toothpaste wisely. Maybe you think there is no 109 between expensive and cheap toothpaste. 110. its necessary to
8、choose toothpaste wisely becausegood toothpaste can help keep your teeth healthy.Brush your teeth every day. Ill the tip is the easiest, many people forget to do it patiently. 112 your teeth regularly takes out something bad from your teeth. Just make sure that you do it correctly and keep doing it
9、at least 3 minutes each time.Proper food also makes a difference. Acidic （酸的）and sweet foods can be harmful to your teeth. If you have tooth diseases, they will become even 113 because of these foods.Its not so difficult to have beautiful and healthy teeth as you may think. It just 114 you several m
10、inutes a day to follow the tips and your teeth will always be good.3When Anna Smith was on an exchange program at a university in 2010, she discovered that there were many free language classes. Because of her interest in the East, she decided to learn Chinese, and that started her relationship 115
11、China.In 2013, Anna went to Beijing and learned how to teach speakers of other languages Chinese. “It is helpful fbr language learning here. You can always 116 students speaking different languages. And it is 117 to find a partner to practice the language that you are learning/9 says Anna. She is a
12、very active learner. She was never too shy to raise her hand and answer the teachers9118 in Chinese when having lessons with Chinese students.Anna is very interested in Chinese characters （汉字）.I119 thought learningChinese characters was hard. Chinese characters are very beautiful and each of120carri
13、es a story,“ Anna says. You can also learn a lot about Chinese 121 when learning Chinese characters, and that is very interesting.Annas Chinese 122 a lot when she was studying in Chinese. Now she 123 as an editor （编辑）in Beijing. She wants to be a Chinese teacher in her country in the futureJT feel g
14、ood about my experience teaching Chinese at the embassy （大使馆）in China 124 I was a student in 2014. I hope more people from my country know more aboutChinese J Ann says.4Like most Chinese, Mr. Zhang has a traditional family. 125 he and his wife are middle school teachers while their 6-year-old son is
15、 a pupil. Mr. Zhang9s mother lives 126 them and helps look after （照顾）the child. They love one another and live 127 happy life.Yesterday was Mr. Zhangs mothers birthday. The couple wanted to do something to show their 128 to her. After a big dinner, Mr. Zhang brought a basin （盆）of warm water and aske
16、d his mother to sit in front of the basin. He took off her shoes and put her 129 into the water. After that, he began to wash them carefully. His wife helped to comb （梳）his mothers hair slowly. Seeing this, the boy follow （学他妈妈）his mothers example. He 130 to comb his mothers hair, too. But he was no
17、t 131 enough （足够的）to do that.132 he brought a chair and stood on it. Everyone could feel the warmth and love in the family.As we all know, respecting （尊敬）the old and taking care of the young is a good Chinese tradition. We should try 133 best to look after our family. We must visit our parents as of
18、ten as possible and 134 time staying with them even though （尽管）we may work far away. In fact, family is a place for happiness.参考答案l.B【解析】句意：我的裤子在盒子里。他的在床上。考查be动词的应用。is是，主语是单数名词或第三人称单数；are是，主语是复数名词或第 二人称；am是，主语是第一人称单数；has有，第三人称单数。分析句子结构可知，这里 的His指代“他的裤子”，作主语，谓语用are。故选B。2.B【解析】句意：你有一个大脑袋吗？ 是的，我有。考查一般疑
19、问句及HI答。根据“Do youa big head?”可知，该句为一般疑问句，助动词do 后要用动词原形，排除AC；再根据“Yes”可知，此处要进行肯定回答，应用Yes,主语+do.。故选Bo3.D【解析】句意：我妹妹每天不在学校吃午饭。考查否定句。have lunch“吃午饭”，固定短语，句子是否定句，应用助动词，主语是单数名 词，助动词用doesnt,后接动词原形，故选D。4.B【解析】句意：露西和莉莉不喜欢香蕉。考查否定句的助动词。句中的like是实义动词，主语Lucy and Lily是复数，否定句的助动 词用dont。故选B。5.B【解析】句意：她在家吃早饭吗？考查一般疑问句。根据
20、主语“she”和实义动词“have”可知，主语为第三人称单数，故使用助动 词does。故选B。6 .C【解析】句意：你的兄弟，迈克和吉姆喜欢胡萝卜吗？考查助动词。句中动词是like,此处疑问句应用助动词，排除A/B选项,结合主语“your brothers, Mike and Jim”可知,助动词应用do,故选Co7 .B【解析】句意：让我们吃沙拉吧。对不起，我不喜欢沙拉。考查否定句。根据“Sorrylike salad”可知此处表示不喜欢沙拉，主语是I,变否定句时借助 助动词dont。故选Bo8 .D【解析】句意：为什么你妈妈喜欢烹饪？考查助动词。根据“Whyyour motherlike
21、cooking?”可知，该句为特殊疑问句，句中含有实 义动词原形like”，因此此处要用助动词；主语为“your mother”，助动词用does。故选D。9 .C【解析】句意：玛丽不会说汉语。考查一般疑问句的否定。句中含有实义动词speak,主语是第三人称单数，否定助动词用 doesnt,故选 C。10 .A【解析】句意：你妈妈是做什么的？ 她是一所学校的一名老师。考查主谓一致。句子动词是do,此处应用助动词构成疑问句，主语是“your mother”，助动 词用does,故选A。11.B【解析】句意：这不是我的钥匙。这是他的钥匙。考查基本句型。根据后文“Its his key丁可知前面是否
22、定句，排除B和D选项。主系表结构， 需有be动词作系动词。故选B。12. B【解析】句意:她是Sally吗？ 是的，她是。考查主谓一致及一般疑问句回答。主语是“she”，对应的be动词是is；排除C/D选项；yes 后接肯定，故选B。13. C【解析】句意：莉莉和露西来自哪里？ 她们来自美国。考查be动词和人称代词用法。根据“Lily and Lucy”可知，此处指复数，be动词用复数形式, 故排除BD选项。还是根据问句中的“Lily and Lucy”可知，答句中的人称应为“她们”，指代 莉莉和露西，即用人称代词They,故排除A。故选C。14. A【解析】句意：他的电话是53817794吗
23、？ 不，不是。考查一般疑问句和回答。主语是单数名词“his telephone”，be动词应用is,排除B/C选项； 回答中no后接否定形式，故选A。15. B【解析】句意：梅梅有一张大嘴巴吗？ 是的，她有。考查一般疑问句及回答。根据.Meimei have a wide mouth?”可知，该句为一般疑问句，主语 “Meimei”为第三人称单数，助动词要用does；再根据“Yes”可知，此处要进行肯定回答，肯 定回答用Yes,主语+does.。故选B。16. C【解析】句意：我的家庭非常大。考查be动词和主谓一致。family家庭；家人”,作“家庭”讲时为单数,be动词用is；作“家 人讲时
24、为复数，be动词用are。根据“My familyvery big.”可知，此处表示有一个大家庭, 应用is。故选C。17. A【解析】句意：他在哪里工作？ 他在一个农场工作。考查时态和助动词。问句中动词是work,疑问句用助动词，主语是he,助动词用does,排 除B、C选项；第二空主语是he,动词用三单形式，故选A。18. D【解析】句意：你弟弟有一个棒球吗？ 是的，他有。考查一般疑问句的回答。根据“Does your brother have a baseball?”可知，该句为一般疑问句， 肯定回答用Yes,主语+does.，否定回答用No,主语+doesnt。结合选项，故选D。19.
25、 B【解析】句意：他们来自加拿大。考查主谓一致。主语是they复数形式，因此谓语动词用are,故选B。20. B【解析】句意：他们有大脚吗？ 不，他们没有。考查一般疑问句及回答。主语为“they”，且句中含有实义动词“have”，助动词要用do,排除 CD；再根据“No”可知,要进行否定回答，应用主语+dont。故选B。21. C【解析】句意：艾米没有一张长脸。考查否定句。根据“Amya long face.”可知，此处表示艾米有/没有一张长脸，可排除A选 项;主语“Amy”为第三人称单数，动词需用三单形式，可排除D选项；否定句助动词用doesnt, 后接动词原形，可排除B选项。故选C。22.
26、 A【解析】句意：每个学期，我们学校都会举行一次家长会。考查动词时态和be动词的用法。根据“Once a term”可知，此处是描述一个一般性情况，需 用一般现在时，可排除CD选项；且“a parents9 meeting”是单数，be动词用is。故选A。 23.D【解析】句意：汤尝起来有点咸，没必耍再加盐了。考查感官动词。looks看起来；smells闻起来；sounds听起来；tastes尝起来。根据The soup.a little salty”可知，汤尝起来有点咸，用感官动词tastes”。故选D。24 . B【解析】句意：在我们学校的图书馆里，有许多关于艺术的书。书的数量还在越来越
27、多。考查主谓一致。根据“a number of books”可知，表复数概念，故第一空填are。the number of 表示“的数量”，修饰主语，be动词用is,故选B。25 .B【解析】句意：星期六和星期天都不行，因为这两天我会很忙。考查主谓一致。neither.nor遵循“就近原则”，be动词用离其最近的主语Sunday保持一致， 故此空应填is,故选B。26. B【解析】句意：爸爸，晚饭吃什么？闻起来很香！ 我正在煮鸡汤。考查动词辨析。tastes尝起来；smells闻起来；looks看起来；feels感觉。根据“Dad, whats for dinner?”以及，Tm cookin
28、g chicken soup.”可知，正在煮鸡汤，应该是闻起来很香。故选B。27. D【解析】句意：乔，你能帮我去机场接我的朋友史蒂夫吗？ 很高兴。他长什 么样？ 他中等身材，有一双小眼睛。考查动词。根据句意：乔，你能帮我去机场接我的 朋友史蒂夫吗？很高兴。他长什么样？他中等身材，有一双小眼睛。第一个空，结合语境他 “是，中等身材，所以用系动词is, of+名词相当与形容词，应作be的表语；第二个空，他“有” 一双小眼睛，主语是he第三人称单数形式，所以“有“用has；故答案选D。28. C【解析】句意：草莓味道鲜美。你可以尝一尝。选项A的意思是吃，B是喝，C是 尝起来，D是听起来。题目中的主
29、语是strawberries （草莓），delicious （美味的）是形容词， 只有选项C和D这两个感官动词后可以跟形容词，再加上句意的理解：草莓尝起来是美 味的。所以答案选Co29. B【解析】句意：-你看过电影“泰坦尼克号”吗？ -是的，其中的音乐听起来很棒。A. 看起来很棒B.听起来很棒C.摸起来很好，音乐只能“听起来很好。故选B。点睛：本题主要考察了感官系动词的用法，感官系动词主要有look, feel, smell, sound, taste, 其后都加形容词来说明主语的状况、性质等，分别表示“看起来，摸起来，闻起来，听起来, 尝起来”。30. D【解析】句意：这块奶酪蛋糕闻起来很
30、好所以我迫不及待要吃了它。选项A“尝起来”, 选项B“摸起来”,选项C“听起来”,选项D“闻起来”。so.tha俨是“如此以至于，这里说 蛋糕闻起来很香以至于我迫不及待要吃，说明一开始并没有吃，只是闻了闻。故选D。 点睛：本题是感官类系动词的考察，但只要对这类词的意义有着清晰的认识也能轻松破解。 本题的关键在“s。.that,既然是以至于”就说明前面的动作貌似对后面的“吃”产生了影 响，所以前面没吃，不选taste （尝起来）,选D。31. A【解析】考查连系动词词义辨析。A. taste尝起来；B. look“看起来”；C. sound听起来D.feel“感觉；摸起来二句意：这蛋糕 美味，我
31、想再吃一块。根据cake是食物， 应该是“尝起来”才行。故选A。32. C【解析】句意：你觉得鱼汤怎么样？ 嗯，味道有点咸。考查连系动词辨析题。 三个选项都是连系动词：look看起来，smell闻起来，taste尝起来，后面都接形容词。根据 问句和语境，可知选C。33. C【解析】句意：现在这个城市的人数是大约7百万。A. are是； B. has有； C.is是；根据The number of做句子的主语时，看作是单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式，根据句意应 是人口数是；故选C点睛：动词be有三种形式am,is2re,表达“是”第一人称单数用am,例如：I am a student第二 人称和复
32、数用are,例如:You are a good boy./You are students.第三人称单数和不可数名词用is, 例如：He is my son./Milk is white.动词have、has意思是“有”，第一人称和第二人称和复数用 have,例如:I have an apple.You have two apples.第三人称单数用 has 例如：He has three apples.34. C【解析】试题分析：句意：很多希望小学去年被建起来。根据last year可知，本题用一 般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，故选C。35. A【解析】句意：这的食物闻起来不错，但是品尝起
33、来怎么样?考查动词辨析。A.品尝；B. 触摸；C.好像；D.感觉。根据句意语境，可知BCD三项不合句意，故选A.36. C【解析】句意：据报道，中国研究人员于5月4日登顶珠穆朗玛峰。是的。他 们还建立了世界上最高的气象站。考查动词短语。took up占据；gave up放弃；set up建议；used up用完。根据“the worlds highest weather station.”可知，是建立气象站。故选Co37. D【解析】句意：我们需要一些志愿者来帮助我们社区的老人。我可以试一试 吗？我在照顾老人方面有丰富的经验。考查动词短语。looking for寻找;waiting for等待
34、；asking for要求;caring for照顾。根据 volunteers to help the old people”可知是指照顾老人，故选 Do38. B【解析】句意：你为什么想当志愿者？ 我想我很像我妈妈。她总是帮助别人。 考查动词短语辨析。take down记下；take after （长相、举止或性格）像；take in领会；take off起飞。根据She is always helping others.”可知此处指像妈妈亲一样总帮助别人。故选B。39. D【解析】句意：当你离开房间时，请记得关灯。考查动词短语辨析。put off推迟；cutoff切断；takeoff起飞
35、，脱下；turn off关闭。根据“the lights when you leave a room”可知，提醒离开房间时要关闭电灯。故选D。40. D【解析】句意： 我听说我们学校上周成立了绘画俱乐部。我们要加入吗？ 好 主意。走吧。考查动词短语。put up搭建；picked up捡起；taken up开始从事；set up建立。根据“the Drawing Club”可知是成立了绘画俱乐部，故选D。41. B【解析】句意：史密斯太太在中国住了二十年，所以她已经习惯吃中国菜了。考查动词短语辨析。look forward to期待；get used to习惯于；make a differen
36、ce to有影响； pay attention to 注意。根据“Mrs. Smith has lived in China for twenty years, so she has. Chinese food.”可知，在中国生活了二十年，习惯了中国菜，故选B。42 . A【解析】句意：汤姆，你能整理一下你的房间吗？有点乱。对不起，妈妈。 我现在就去做。考查动词短语辨析。tidy up整理;put up张贴；lookup查阅；stay up熬夜。根据Its a bit of a mess.”可知，房间很乱，需要收拾，故选A。43 . B【解析】句意：外面很冷。你应该穿上你的毛衣。考查动词短语辨
37、析。put up张贴；put on穿上;put off推迟;put down镇压。根据Its cold outside.You should .your sweater.可知，此处指穿上毛衣，故选B。44 .C【解析】句意：我们需要齐心协力，因为团队合作非常重要。考查动词短语。run out用完，耗尽；go off （爆炸装置）爆炸；pull together齐心协力，团结 起来；pass by路过。根据“teamwork is very important”可知，团队合作很重要，所以要齐心 协力。故选C。45 .A【解析】句意：我们可以靠自己，因为我们已经足够大了。考查动词短语。depend
38、 on依靠；work on从事；get on上车；put on穿上。根据“because we have already been old enough”可知岁数足够大了，可以依靠自己。故选A。46 .D【解析】句意：烹饪课可以帮助学生学会照顾自己。考查动词短语。take away带走；look for寻找；take up占用；look after照顾。根据Cooking classes can help students.可知，学生学会烹饪后可以照顾自己。故选D。47 .B【解析】句意：听到父母来看他，张铭立刻冲了出去。考查动词短语。right now马上，现在，常用于现在或者将来时态；ri
39、ght away立刻，马上； all right好吧；right off毫不犹豫地。划线词“at once”与B选项意思相符。故选B。48. C【解析】句意：许多志愿者已经抵达上海帮助那里的病人。考查动词短语。reached to延伸到；reached in错误表达，当reach意为“到达”时，是及物动 词，直接接宾语，不需跟介词；got to到达；got in （火车、公共汽车或飞机）到达。根据“arrived in Shanghai”可知，此处是到达上海，可以用C选项“got to”替换。故选C。49. A【解析】句意：有报道称动物被用于野生动物旅游。这对人们来说不安全。考查动词短语。ar
40、e used for被用于；are used from 一般不和from连用；used to过去常常；used by 被使用；根据“animals.wildlife tourism. It9s not safe for people.”可知，此处指的是“动物被用于野生动物旅游”，故选A。50. C【解析】句意：年轻人可以通过养宠物来了解如何照顾他人。考查动词短语辨析。depend on依靠；agree with同意；look after照顾；fall behind落后。根 据“Young people can understand how to. others by keeping pets”
41、可知，通过照顾宠物来明白如 何照顾别人，故选C。51. B【解析】句意：你这周末打算做什么？ 我打算把我的旧书清理掉，送给贫困 地区的孩子们。考查动词短语。bring out显现；clear out清理；try out试验；hang out闲逛。根据my old books and give them away”可知要把旧书清理出来，捐赠给孩子们。故选B。52. B【解析】句意：我不知道“fetch”是什么意思。让我们在字典里查一下这个词。考查动词短语。look around四处看;look up查阅；look at看着；look看er照顾。根据I dont know the meaning
42、of，fetch，”可知，不知道单词的意思，所以要在字典里查这个词。故选B。 53.C【解析】句意：山姆，让我们把这些旧东西扔掉吧。我不再需要它们了。不。 我们可以尝试充分利用它们。考查动词短语。fix up修理；hand out分发；throw away扔掉；pull down拆掉。根据 I dont need them anymore.”可知，不需要这些旧东西了，所以是要扔掉它们。故选C。53. B【解析】句意：安妮，我想做一些汤。你现在可以把西红柿切碎吗？ 当然可以, 我来了。考查动词短语辨析。cut off打断，切断；cut up切碎；cut down砍倒；cut out切断，关掉。
43、根据I want to make some soup”可知，想做一些汤，所以需要把西红柿切碎。故选B。55. D【解析】句意：我去见朋友的时候，我总是尽量准时。考查同义词替换。set out 出发;turn down 拒绝；make a plan 计戈U； make an effort 努力。try ones best意为“尽最大努力”，与其含义相同的短语是make an effort （努力）。故选D。56. D【解析】句意：我不知道怎么样处理这些旧衣服。你可以把它们捐给慈善机 构。考查动词短语。sell out卖光；take away拿走；give back归还；deal with处理。根
44、据“You can give them away to the charity.”可知，这里指的是不知道怎么样“处理”这些旧衣服。故选D。57. B【解析】句意：这个周末你打算做什么？ 我要去医院看望生病的孩子们，做 志愿者让他们高兴起来。考查动词短语辨析。wakeup叫醒；cheer up使高兴；give up放弃；pick up捡起。根据“I am going to visit the sick kids in the hospital and.them.as a volunteer.“可知，做志愿者是为了 让生 病的孩子高兴，故选B。58. A【解析】句意:他们在做什么？ 他们在讨论捐献
45、给村里学校什么。考查动词短语。give away捐献;throw away扔掉;clean up清理;cut up切碎。根据“.to the school in the village.”可知此处指捐献给村里的物品。故选A。59. B【解析】句意：Julie,你为什么拒绝了这份工作？ 因为我找到了一个更好的。 考查动词短语辨析。turn up出现；turn down拒绝;look for寻找；look through浏览。根据 Because I found a better one”可知，询问为什么拒绝了这份工作，故选B。60. B【解析】句意：那个老人把他所有的钱都捐给了贫困地区的孩子们。
46、他多么 善良啊！考查动词短语。help out帮助脱困；give away赠送，捐赠；sell out卖光;keep away远离。 根据all his money to the children in poor areas”可知，这位老人把钱都捐给了贫困地区的孩子 们。故选B。6LA【解析】句意：我有在字典或网上查生词的习惯。考查动词短语。looking up查阅；looking for寻找；looking at看着；looking after照顾。根据 “the unknown words in the dictionary”可知是在字典里查单词。故选A。62. A【解析】句意：迈克尔，试
47、穿这件衬衫。哦，我穿起来很好看！考查动词短语。try on试穿；put down放下；take off脱掉；throw away扔掉。根据Oh, it looks nice on me!”可知，穿在身上很好看，所以应该指的是试穿一下这件衬衫，故选A。63.B【解析】句意：由于天气不好，我们不得不推迟运动会。考查动词短语。turn off关闭；put off推迟；take off脱下；get off下车。根据because of the bad weather.”可知，天气不好应是要推迟运动会。故选B。64 . A【解析】句意:请查看这些为孩子们提供的捐款。好的，让我看看。完美！ 这里的孩子们非
48、常需要玩具和书籍。考查动词短语。check out查实，核实；cut down砍倒；sell out卖掉；turn down拒绝。根据 “OK, let me see.”可知，是让对方查看一下这些捐款。故选A。65 .B【解析】句意：我们约好上周日10点在公园见面，但鲍勃直到12点才露面。考查动词短语。put up搭建；show up出现；stay up熬夜；give up放弃。根据We promised to meet at 10 in the park last Sunday”可知，约定了见面地点和时间，但是鲍勃直到12点才出现。 故选Bo66. D【解析】句意：如果大风吹得太猛，请远离高楼。考查短语。run out of用完;catch up with赶上；get on