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1、大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解Passage 1Hope is HealthyYou are about to go to the hospital for a routine surgical procedure. Which attitude is healthier?A. Id better find out everything I can about this operation一you can never know too much. B. Dont tell me the details. Its going to be fine. Answer B is supposed t
2、o be the wrong one. Its an example of what psychologists call denial, a defence mechanism that minimizes uncomfortable information. Denial, they have argued, is stupid, self-defeating and ultimately dangerous.But research is showing that answer B is a faster route to recovery. Denial 一of a certain s
3、ort and at certain times一can be healthy. Of course, you do need to pay attention to some unpleasant facts. The trick is to know when its helpful to worry and when its counterproductive.Out-and-out denial may be the best approach to surgery, according to Richard S. Lazarus, professor of psychology at
4、 the University of California at Berkeley. With Frances Cohen, Lazarus studied 61 patients about to undergo operations (all relatively common operations). In general,23. In communication, it is essential not only to employ speech, but also.A. to speak directly to the other personB. to employ a varie
5、ty of bodily movementsC. to be certain that the other person is listeningD. to pay great attention to the other persons behavior24. It can be inferred from the passage that the basic function of bodily activity in speech is to.A. make the listener feel emotionalB. strengthen the speakers understandi
6、ngC. strengthen or intensify the speakers implied meaning to the listenerD. convey the speaker5 s implied meaning to the listener25. Which of the following is TRUE?A. The brain is compared to a telephone exchange.B. The mind is an activity of the nervous system.C. Some people remain still while talk
7、ing to others.D. Many people move their bodies on purpose while talking.Passage 4Laziness is a sin（罪），everyone knows that. We have probably all had lectures pointing out that laziness is immoral, that it is wasteful, and that lazy people will never amount to anything in life. But laziness can be mor
8、e harmful than that, and it is often caused by more complex reasonsrather than simple wish to avoid work. Some people who appear to be lazy are suffering from much more serious problems. They may be so distrustful of their fellow workers that they are unable to join in any group task for fear of rid
9、icule or of having their idea stolen. These people who seem lazy may be ruined by a fear of failure that prevents fruitful work. Or other sorts of fantasies （幻想）may prevent work； some people are so busy planning, sometimes planning great deals of fantastic achievements that they are unable to deal w
10、ith whatever lesser work is on hand. Still other people are not avoiding work; strictly speaking, they are merely procrastinating rescheduling their day.Laziness can actually be helpful. Like procrastinators, some people may look lazy when they are really thinking, planning, researching. We should a
11、ll remember that great scientific discoveries occurred by chance. Newton wasnt working in the orchard when the apple hit him and he devised the theory of gravity. All of us would like to have someone lazy build the car or stove we buy, particularly if that laziness were caused by the workers taking
12、time to check each step of his work and to do his job right. And sometimes, being lazy一that is, , taking time off for a rest一is good for the overworked students or executives. Taking a rest can be particularly helpful to the athlete who is trying too hard or the doctor whos simply working himself ov
13、ertime too many evenings at the clinic. So be careful when youre tempted to call someone lazy. That person maybe thinking, resting, or planning his or her next work.26. The main idea of this passage is that.A. laziness is a moral sinB. there are advantages and disadvantages in being lazyC. laziness
14、is the sign of deep-seated emotion problemsD. lazy people do more careful work27. The passage states that.A. laziness is a diseaseB. laziness is more beneficial than harmfulC. a good definition of laziness is emotional illnessD. some people appear lazy because they are insecure28. Which of the follo
15、wing conclusions does the passage support?A. Most of the time laziness is a virtue.B. Most assembly workers are lazy.C. The word laziness is sometimes applied incorrectly.D. Most insecure people are lazy.29. As used in this passage, the word devised” (Para. 2) meansA. understoodB. wroteC. madeD. pro
16、ved30. Being lazy may be good for.A. doctorsB. athletesC. executivesD. those who overwork themselves二、完型填空完型填空(一)Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that goes into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo. One of the questions that is alwa
17、ys asked of me is (1) I became an animal collector in the first (2). The answer is that I have always been interested inanimals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any (3) was not the conventional “mamma” or “daddy“，(4) the word “zoo” , which I would (5) over and
18、 over again with a shrill (6) until someone, in groups to (7) me up, would take me to the zoo. When I (8) a little older, welived in Greece and I had a great (9) of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my sparetime (10) the countryside in search of fresh specimens to (11) to my coll
19、ection of pets. (12) on I went fora year to the City Zoo, as a student (13), to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches, (14) were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I (15) had enough money of myown to be able to (16) my first trip and I have been going (17
20、) ever since then. Though a collectors jobis not an easy one and is full of (18), it is certainly a job which will appeal (19) all those who loveanimals and (20).1. A. how B. where C. when D. whether2. A. region B. field C. place D. case3. A. clarity B. emotion C. sentiment D. affection4. A. except
21、B. but C. except for D. but for5. A.recite B.recognize C. read D. repeat6. A. volume B. noise C. voice D. pitch7. A. close B. shut C. stop D. comfort8. A. grew B. was growing C. grow D. grown9. A. many B. amount C. number D. supply10. A. living B.cultivating C. reclaiming D. exploring11. A. increase
22、 B. include C. add D. enrich12. A. later B. further C. then D. subsequently13. A. attendant B. keeper C. member D. aide14. A. who B. they C. of which D. which15. A. luckily B.gladly C. nearly D. successfully16. A. pay B. provide C. allow D. finance17. A. normally B. regularly C. usually D. often18.
23、A. expectations B. sorrows C. excitement D. disappointments19. A. for B. with C. to D. from20. A. excursion B. travel C. journey D. Trip完型填空（二）To others and themselves the British have a reputation for being conservativenot in the narrowpolitical sense, but in the sense of adherence to accepted idea
24、s and unwilling to question them. Thereputationcomes partly from their 1 . For 900 2 they have suffered 3 invasion nor revolution (except inl649 4 1688) nor disastrous defeat in 5 .Their monarchy (君主政体)survives 6 serious question. Underits normal 7 political arrangements have been 8 stable that, exc
25、ept for the 9 interruptions in theseventeenth 10 , they have been adopted throughout 11 centuries to meet changing needs without violentl2 . Britain, in 1978, was 13 in managing without 14 written constitution; some fragmentary definitionsof 1688 still 15 .There had been 16 quarrels, social and econ
26、omic as well 17 political, but the quarrel shad been 18 , usually 19 compromise. The underlying 20 had not been broken.1. A. language B.future C.history D. literature2. A.centuries B. years C. minutes D.seconds3. A. neither B. as C. or D. either4. A. too B. but C. or D. and5. A. home B. study C. pea
27、ce D. war6. A. and B. without C. with D. neither7. A. name B.people C. leadership D. enemy8. A. so B. very C. too D. such9. A. two B. one C. no D. couple10. A. month B. day C. year D. century11. A. a B. any C. the D. few12. A. changes B.change C. altered D. changed13. A. common B. popular C. unique
28、D. angry14. A. two B. a C. some D. their15. A. survive B.surviving C.survives D.survived16. A. bitter B. happy C. pleasant D. unhappy17. A. for B. as C. to D. at18. A. settling B. settles C.settle D.settled19. A. for B. at C. to D. by20.A. continue B. continuity C.continuous D.continued三、翻译1、所有的窗户都开
29、着，他就睡着了。(with )2、学生们逐渐认识到友谊胜过金钱，患难朋友才是真朋友。(realize)3、无论什么时候你有难处，都可以找我帮忙。(whenever)4、人们希望在不久的将来，奥运会将会在一个发展中国家举行。(wish)5、他把钱折好放进口袋。(fold)参考答案：一、阅读理解：I. N 2. Y 3. N 4. N 5. NG 6. Y 7. N8. avoiders, deniers 9. denial is not the best approach 10. signs of illnessII. F 12. C 13. G 14. M 15. B 16. H 17. N
30、18. L19. 020. A21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28.C 29. C 30. D二、完型填空完型填空（一）1 .【答案】A根据下一句及随后的内容，作者讲的是怎样成为动物爱好者的（从 小就喜欢动物），应当选择A. howo2 .【答案】C in the first place是固定短语,意思是“首先”。此句意思是： 别人经常问到的问题之一，是当初我是如何爱上动物的。3【.答案】A这句话的意思是：作者在呀呀学语之时，最早发清楚的音是“zoo” （动物园），而不是“妈 妈”，“爸爸”,因此，应选clarity “清晰”。填入其他 选项
31、emotion （感情），sentiment （多愁善感），affection （友 爱）不合逻辑。4 .【答案】B but 在此处连接另一个句子（it was the word zoo , it was” 被省略），表示转折，意为“而是，Except, except for, but for的用法 接近，表示“除了”。5 .【答案】D根据后面的over and over again,应选“repeat6 .【答案】C小孩想去动物园，便不停地发出尖叫声，故选voice” o A shrill voice与scream的意思接近。volume（音量）；noise（噪音）；pitch（音调） 均不
32、合要求。7 .【答案】B shut s B. up是指让某人住口，为了让孩子停止尖叫，只好带他 去动物园。8 .【答案】A根据后面主句的时态，此处只能用一般过去时。9 .【答案】C a great many后直接跟可数名词的复数形式；a great / large amount of后跟不可数名词；只有a great /large number of后可以跟可数名词的复数形式。10【.答案】D living后必须接介词in,意为“居住”； cultivating耕种；reclaiming开垦；只有exploring有探察的意思。11 .【答案】C add to相当于increase,增加。其余
33、选项后面都不接to。12 .【答案】A later on为固定短语，“后来”。13 .【答案】D attendant仆人；keeper可理解为“饲养员”，但是a studentkeeper 容易被误解为“收留学生的人；aide有“助手”之义。作者一边上 学，一边在动物园里打工，只能当助手。14 .【答案】D which在此引导定语从句，修饰前面列出的动物。15 .【答案】D因为钱是在动物园打工挣的，选successfully更能体现其含义。16 .【答案】D finance my first trip意为“支付我的旅行费用；pay后应 接介词for；其他选项的意思相差甚远。17 .【答案】B此
34、句为现在完成进行时态，选regularly比较贴切。18 .【答案】D此句是由though引导的让步状语从句，应与主句意思相对立。 选项中，sorrows和disappointments与主句的appeal to相对立，但 sorrows的分量太重。19 .【答案】C appeal to为成语，意思是“吸引”。20 .【答案】B excursion短途旅行；journey（从一地到另一地的）长距离，具 体的旅途；travel旅行，旅游，海外旅行；trip旅行，远足。完型填空（二）1 .【答案】C由于下文紧接着叙述到过去900年的有关情况。故应选history,才能与下文衔接。2 .【答案】B根
35、据句子意思判断。3 .【答案】A应选neither才能与其后出现的nor构成并列连词neither- nor 。4 .【答案】D根据句子意思判断。5 .【答案】D需选一名词与前面的介词in构成介词短语，且这个短语在语意 上要与前面的disastrous defeat相吻合。故选D可以满足这个条件。6 .【答案】B without serious question意为“没有严重的问题”。7 .【答案】C 在领导下”的表达方式是under theleadership.8 .【答案】A sothat构成固定短语，意为“这么以致于”9 .【答案】A上面提到1649和1688两次革命，所以A项正确。10
36、 .【答案】D根据句子意思判断。11 .【答案】C the centuries特指那些稳定的世纪。12 .【答案】A应从A或B中选一名词作介词without的宾语。将A和B加 以比较：A. changes作可数名词用，意为“变化”，符合题意。B. change 一 词系不可数名词，意为“零钱，找头”。13 .【答案】C根据上下文意思，应选unique “独一无二的；唯一的”。14 .【答案】B没有一项成文宪法，a为一项的意思。15 .【答案】应选survived才与上下文时态一致。16 .【答案】bitter意为“尖锐的，厉害的”。17 .【答案】as well as为一并列连词。18 .【答
37、案】settled符合语法要求。patients followed one of two mental strategies; avoidance or vigilance. Typically, avoiders had not discussed their surgery in detail with anyone, didnt want to know about it and didnt dwell upon its risks.In contrast, vigilant types were alert to every detail. Many sought out articl
38、es about their disorders. They wanted to know the risks of surgery, the risks if surgery was not performed, the surgical procedures, the potential complications and the likelihood of recurrence.When Lazarus and Cohen compared the two groups after surgery, they found that avoiders got on much better.
39、 They had a lower incidence of postoperative complications such as nausea （恶心），headache, fever and infection. The net result: they were discharged sooner.One reason may be that their denial make room for hope, or at least for a positive outlook, even under the grimmest of conditions.“Never deny the
40、diagnosis, but do deny the negative opinion that may go with it, advises Norman Cousins, author of Anatomy of an Illness and The Healing Heart. Why? Because grim warnings about diseases come from statistics on the average case. Cousins believes that most patients, given hope and determination, have
41、a good chance to transcend the averages. Adds Dr. Hackett: Deniers see the machines they re hooked up to as helping them to get well, not as a sign of a badly functioning heart. Those who feel most positive about their ability to get well tend to do better than19 .【答案】D by compromise意为“通过折衷、妥协的办法”。如
42、：We should settle our differences by compromise.我们应采取折衷的办法来解决我们之 间的分歧。20 .【答案】B四个选项中，只有名词continuity正确。三、翻译1、He felt asleep with all the windows open.2、 Students come to realize that friendship is rather than money and a friend in need is a friend indeed.3、 You can ask for me a favour whenever you ar
43、e in trouble.4、People wish that the Olympic games would be held in a developing country in the near future.5、 She folded the money and put them into her pocket.those who fear and worry more.Of course, none of these researchers would conclude that denial is the best approach to all medical matters. A
44、 diabetic must monitor blood sugar; a kidney patient must keep track of dialysis （透析）;a woman who finds a lump in her breast must not delay in having it diagnosed.The question to ask yourself, Dr. Lazarus explains, is whether the information you gather will help you solve a problem, or whether there
45、 is little you can do to change things. In the first case, pay attention and act. In the second case, dont become preoccupied with the risks; anxiety can worsen your health.Dr. Herbert Benson, associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, points out that the overly vigilant patients cen
46、tral nervous system becomes aroused into the fight-or-flight response. But since all the patient can do is lie there, his body suffers the classic damages of stress.While studying peoples reactions to medical stress, Temple University psychologist Suzanne Miller and University of Pennsylvania gyneco
47、logic oncologist （妇科肿瘤学）Charles E. Mangan placed 40 women about to undergo colposcopy （阴道镜检查）in two different groups, according to their coping style.Millers main interest was to see whether any of these women would cope better if they had extra information. She gave half of each groupvoluminous det
48、ails about what would happen and how they would feel; she gave the rest only the basic facts. Overall, the results reinforced the benefits of avoidance. The women given minimal information felt more relaxed throughout the procedure than the women who knew more. (Oddly enough, the group desiring information complained that they would have liked even more. The very act of gathering details seemed to make them less anxious.)Millers research shows that different people react