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1、大学英语四级考试 练习卷一、阅读理解Passage 1The School YearsSoon after the United States was founded, Thomas Jefferson, who was President from 1801 to 1809 wrote, If a nation expects to be ignorant and free in a state of civilization, it expects what never was and never will be. Jefferson believed that the new repub
2、lic would be served best by literate, well-informed citizens and that everyone should have a guarantee of some education with further education for those who wanted it and were qualified. The American system of public education has been built on this philosophy. Public education in this country is e
3、xpected to offer equal educational opportunities to everyone enrolled in secular schools, which are publicly controlled and publicly financed, with free tuition, free books, and compulsory attendance.There is no mention of education in the Constitution, and each state is responsible for its own educ
4、ational system. Public schools are financed primarily by local and state taxes, and the amount of money spent on public school students varies from state to state. Alabama, for example, spent an average of $716 for each pupil in 1974, the lowest rate of any state. New York, by contrast, had the high
5、est rate, $ 1809 per pupil. The majorityD.certain factors that promote social change 99One of the factors that tend to promote social change is .A. joint interest B. different points of viewC. less emotional people D. advanced technologyQO According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true
6、? A. Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.B. Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change.C. Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.D. Social change is less likely to occur in wh
7、at people learned when they were young.24. The expression greater tolerance /z (Para. 1) refers to.A. greater willingness to accept social changeB. quicker adaptation to changing circumstancesC. more respect for different beliefs and behaviorD. greater readiness to agree to different opinions and id
8、eas25. Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in many ways because.vA. people there have got so accustomed to their conditions that theyseldom think it necessary to changeB. people there have identical needs that can be satisfied without much difficultyC. p
9、eople there are easy to pleaseD. people there are less disputedPassage 4Anne Whitney, a sophomore （大学二年级学生）at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking tests when she began college. I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeks before a test. Yet I would go in to
10、 take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions correctly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldn，t think of the answer. My low grades on the tests did not show what I knew to the teacher. Another student in biology had similar experiences. He said, My first chemis
11、try test was very difficult. Then, on the second test, I sat down to take it, and I was so nervous that I was shaking. My hands were moving up and down so quickly that it was hard to hold my pencil. I knew the material and I knew the answers. Yet I couldnt even write them down!”These two young stude
12、nts were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and is uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the extreme tension and nervousness. Although poorgrades are often a result of poo
13、r study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes the low grades. Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students. Special university advising courses try to help students. In these courses, advisors try to help students by teachin
14、g them how to manage test anxiety. At some universities, students take tests to measure their anxiety. If the tests show (heir anxiety is high, the students can take short courses to help them deal with (heir tensions. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. Students are trained to b
15、ecome calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work at ease. Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test.An expert at the University of California explains, With almost all students, relaxation and less stress are felt after taking
16、 our program. Most of them experience better control during their tests. Almost all have some improvement. With some, the improvement is very great. 26. To blank out is probably.A. to be like a blanketB. to be sure of ananswerC. to be unable to think clearlyD. to show knowledgeto the teacher27. Poor
17、 grades are usually the result of.A. poor sleeping habitB. lazinessC. lack of sleepD. inability toform good study habits 28. Test anxiety has been recognized as.A. an excuse for lazinessB. the result ofpoor study habitsC. a real problemD. somethingthat cannot be changed29. To deal with this problem,
18、 students say they want to.A. take a short course on anxietyB. read about anxietyC. be able to manage or understand their anxietyD. take tests to prove they are not anxious 30. A University of California advisor said.A. all students could overcome the anxiety after taking a special test anxiety prog
19、ramB. almost all students felt less stress after taking a University of California advising courseC. students found it difficult to improve even though they had taken a special test anxiety courseD. students found it easy to relax as soon as they entered a University of California advising course二、完
20、型填空 完型填空(一)Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that goes into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo. One of the questions that is always asked of me is (1) I became an animal collector in the first (2). The answer is that I have always
21、been interested inanimals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any (3) was not the conventional “mamma” or “daddy” , (4) the word “zoo” , which I would (5) over and over again with a shrill (6) until someone, in groups to (7) me up, would take me to the zoo. When
22、I (8) a little older, welived in Greece and I had a great (9) of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my sparetime (10) the countryside in search of fresh specimens to (11) to my collection of pets. (12) on I went fora year to the City Zoo, as a student (13), to get experience of th
23、e large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches, (14) were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I (15) had enough money of my own to be able to (16) my first trip and I have been going (17) ever since then. Though a collectors jobis not an easy one and is full of (18), it is certainly a
24、 job which will appeal (19) all those who loveanimals and (20).1. A. how B. where C. when D. whether2. A. region B. field C. place D. case3. A. clarity B. emotion C. sentiment D. affection4. A. except B. but C. except for D. but for5. A. recite B. recognize C. read D. repeat6. A. volume B. noise C.
25、voice D. pitch7. A. close B. shut C. stop D. comfort8. A. grew B. was growing C. grow D. grown9. A. many B. amount C. number D. supply10. A. living B.cultivating C. reclaiming D. exploring11. A. increase B. include C. add D. enrich12. A. later B.further C. then D. subsequently13. A. attendant B.keep
26、er C. member D. aide14. A. who B. they C. of which D. which15. A. luckily B.gladly C. nearly D. successfully16. A. pay B. provide C. allow D. finance17. A. normally B. regularly C. usually D. often18. A.expectations B. sorrows C. excitement D. disappointments19. A. for B. with C. to D. from20. A. ex
27、cursion B.travel C. journey D. Trip完型填空（二）To others and themselves the British have a reputation for being conservativenot in the narrowpo 1 itical sense, but in the sense of adherence to accepted ideas and unwilling to question them. Thereputationcomes partly from their 1 . For 900 2 they have suff
28、ered 3 invasion nor revolution (except inl649 4 1688) nor disastrous defeat in 5 .Their monarchy (君主政体)survives 6 serious question. Underits normal 7 political arrangements have been 8 stable that, except for the 9 interruptions in theseventeenth 10 , they have been adopted throughout 11 centuries t
29、o meet changing needs without violentl2 . Britain, in 1978, was 13 in managing without 14 written constitution; some fragmentary definitionsof 1688 still 15 ,There had been 16 quarrels, social and economic as well 17 political, but the quarrel shad been 18 , usually 19 compromise. The underlying 20
30、had not been broken.1. A. language B. future C.history D. literature2. A.centuries B. years C. minutes D.seconds3. A. neither B. as C. or D. either4. A. too B. but C. or D. and5. A. home B. study C. peace D. war6. A. and B. without C. with D. neither7. A. name B.people C. leadership D. enemy8. A. so
31、 B. very C. too D. such9. A. two B. one C. no D. couple10. A. month B. day C. year D. century11. A. a B. any C. the D. few12. A. changes B. change C. altered D. changed13. A. common B. popular C.unique D.angry14. A. two B. a C. some D. their15. A. survive B. surviving C.survives D.survived16. A.bitt
32、er B. happy C. pleasant D. unhappy17. A. for B. as C. to D. at18. A. settling B.settles C.settle D.settled19. A. for B. at C. to D. by20. A. continue B.continuity C.continuous D.continued完型填空（三）Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training.Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 1 s
33、hould be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, 2_-_, most people make several job choices during their working lives, 3 because of economic and Industrial changes and partly to improve 4 position. The one perfect job does not exist. Young people should 5 entersintosa broa
34、d flexible training program that will 6 them for a field of work rather than for a single 7 . Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans 8 benefit of help form a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing 9 about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they
35、 choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss10 Some drift from job to jo B. Others 11 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitte D. One common mistake ischoosing an occupation for 12 real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students - or their parents for them - choose the
36、professional field, 13 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 14. The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a White-collar job is 15good reason for choosing it as lifes work.16, these occupations are not always well p
37、ai D. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the 17 of young people should give serious 18 to these fields. Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants19 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire
38、social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security; others are willing to take 20 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.1. A. identification B. entertainment C. accommodation D. occupation2. A. however B. therefore C. though D. thereby
39、3. A.entirely B. mainlyC.partly D. his4. A.its B. his C. ourD.their5. A.since B.thereforeC.furthermore D.forever6. A. make B. fit C. take D. leave7. A. job B. way C. means D. company8. A. to B. for C. without D. with9. A. little B. few C. much D. a lot10. A. chance B. basis C. purpose D. opportunity
40、11. A. apply B. appeal C. stick D. turn12. A. our B. its C. your D. their13. A. concerning B. following C. considering D. disregarding14. A. preferences B. requirements C. tendencies D. ambitions15. A.a B. anyC. no D. the16. A. Therefore B. However C. Nevertheless D. Moreover17. A.majorityB. mass C.
41、 minorityD. multitude18. A.proposalB.suggestion C.considerationD. appraisal19. A.towardsB. against C. outofD. without20. A.turns B.parts C. choicesD.risks三、翻译1、所有的窗户都开着，他就睡着了。(with )2、学生们逐渐认识到友谊胜过金钱，患难朋友才是真朋友。(realize)3、无论什么时候你有难处，都可以找我帮忙。(whenever)4、人们希望在不久的将来，奥运会将会在一个发展中国家举行。(wish)5、他把钱折好放进口袋。(fol
42、d)参考答案:of states spent more than $ 800 per pupil.There are great differences in expenditures （花费 ）by communities within each state, depending on the amount of local funds available for public education. Often, well-to-do communities spend several hundred dollars more for each child than poorer towns
43、 nearby do. These figures reflect differences in expenditures . for such items as teachers salaries, the purchase of books, and school construction and maintenance.Despite these differences, there is general uniformity in the organization and curricula of public schools throughout the country. Each
44、state is divided into local school districts. Usually a state department of education sets the general requirements that local communities or school districts must meet. Local school boards, usually elected by members of their communities, are responsible for the detailed organization and operation
45、of their schools. This-responsibility includes hiring teachers and administration and setting their salaries.The twelve years of public school education usually begin when a child is six years old. Some school systems are divided into eight years of primary school and four years of secondary school.
46、 Primary schools are often called elementary schools, and secondary schools are called high schools. Many systems combine the last two years of elementary school and the first year of high school in what is known as junior high school. This is followed by three years of senior high school. A large n
47、umber of school一、阅读理解：I. N 2. Y 3. Y 4. N 5. Y 6. N 7. NG8. comprehensive high schools 9. John Dewey 10. preschool trainingII. F 12. G 13. D 14. N 15. 016. C 17. L 18. I19. M 20. E 21. B 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28.C 29. A 30. B二、完型填空完型填空（一）1 .【答案】A根据下一句及随后的内容，作者讲的是怎样成为动物爱好者的（从 小就喜欢动物），应当
48、选择A. howo2 .【答案】C in the first place是固定短语，意思是“首先。此句意思是： 别人经常问到的问题之一，是当初我是如何爱上动物的。3【.答案】A这句话的意思是：作者在呀呀学语之时，最早发清楚的音是“zoo” （动物园），而不是“妈 妈”，“爸爸”，因止匕，应选clarity “清晰”。填入其他 选项emotion （感情），sentiment （多愁善感），affection（友 爱）不合逻辑。4 .【答案】B but在此处连接另一个句子（it was the word “zoo，“it was” 被省略），表示转折，意为“而是，Except, except for, but for的用法 接近，表示“除了”。5 .【答案】D根据后面的over and over again,应选“repeat6 .【答案】C小孩想去动物园，便不停地发出尖叫声，故选voice” o A shrill voice与scream的意思 接近。volume（音量）；noise（噪音）；pitch（音调）均不合要求。7 .【答案】B shut s B. up是指让某人住口，为了让孩子停止尖叫，只好带他 去动物园。8 .【答案】A根据