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1、WritingDo you think it was right to tear down the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel to build the Empire State Building?Write a persuasive essay explaining your answer.Social StudiesResearch the stock market crash of 1929.How did this event affect the construction of the Empire State Building?Write an article ex
2、plaining your findings.Connectionswww.readinga-LEVELED BOOK Z1LEVELED BOOK Z1Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.Written by Elspeth LeacockEmpire State BuildingA Reading AZ Level Z1 Leveled BookWord Count:1,965Empire State BuildingWritten by Elspeth Leacockwww.readinga-Why is th
3、e Empire State Building an important historical landmark?Focus QuestionFront and back cover:The north side of the Empire State Building looking south toward New York HarborTitle page:The Fifth Avenue side of the buildingPage 3:Coin-operated binoculars allow visitors to see even farther at the top of
4、 the building.Photo Credits:Front cover,back cover:MarkusBeck/iStock/Thinkstock;title page:behyar rahmanim/iStock/Thinkstock;page 3:age fotostock/age fotostock/Superstock;page 4:Esta/Esta/Superstock;page 5:Venemama/D;page 6(top):DIZ Muenchen GmbH,Sueddeutsche Zeitung Photo/Alamy;pages 6(bottom),16,1
5、7:Everett Collection Historical/Alamy;page 7:Underwood&Underwood/Corbis;page 8:Corbis;page 10:Imagno/Austrian Archives/The Image Works;page 11:Dgrilla/D;page 12(top left):Granger,NYC;pages 12(top right),18:Everett Collection Inc/Alamy;pages 12(center left,bottom left),13(bottom):Bettmann/Corbis;page
6、 12(bottom right):Museum of the City of New York/Granger,NYC;page 13(top):INTERFOTO/Alamy;page 14(left,right)AP Images;page 15:Riveters on the Empire State Building,193031(gelatin silver print),Hine,Lewis Wickes(18741940)/Private Collection/Photo Christies Images/Bridgeman Images;page 19:REX USA/Cai
7、aimage/Rexart decobargesdirigibles iconic mass-produced moguls rivetedscaffolds spire steelunprecedentedvantage pointWords to KnowEmpire State BuildingWorld Landmarks Level Z1 Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Elspeth LeacockAll rights reserved.www.readinga-CorrelationLEVEL Z1WXN/A60Fountas&Pinnell
8、Reading RecoveryDRAEmpire State Building 1920The Empire State Building became the worlds tallest skyscraper when it was completed in 1931.It held that title for longer than any other building,until the World Trade Center took over as the tallest in 1971.The Empire State Building has been designated
9、Americas favorite building and one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World.Soon after the buildings fiftieth birthday in 1981,it was declared a landmark,which means it must be preserved to appear as it always haswith renovations and modernizations,of course,including air conditioning!Today,the worl
10、ds most famous office building is still a prominent feature of New York Citys skyline,proving that Al Smith was accurate when he declared that the building had been built for generations to come.Glossaryart deco(n.)a bold style of decorative art,design,and architecture from the 1920s and 1930s that
11、featured strong lines and geometric shapes(p.10)barges(n.)boats with flat bottoms that carry freight,usually on a canal or river (p.8)dirigibles(n.)large,often rigid airships without wings that are filled with gas and float(p.14)iconic(adj.)of or relating to an important symbol;famous and recognizab
12、le(p.5)mass-produced(v.)made or created on a large scale(p.10)moguls(n.)important or powerful people within a profession or industry(p.6)riveted(v.)joined together with metal pins or bolts that are held in place by being beaten or bent while hot(p.9)scaffolds(n.)temporary platforms used to support w
13、orkers during building,repairing,or decorating a structure(p.16)spire(n.)the pointed top of a tower or other building(p.6)steel(n.)a kind of strong metal made of iron and carbon(p.9)unprecedented(adj.)never having happened before(p.6)vantage point(n.)the position from which one looks at or thinks ab
14、out something(p.4)On special holidays,the building uses its new LED lighting system,with sixteen million colors,to put on light shows.Empire State Building Level Z1Written by Elspeth Leacockwww.readinga-Why is the Empire State Building an important historical landmark?Focus QuestionFront and back co
15、ver:The north side of the Empire State Building looking south toward New York HarborTitle page:The Fifth Avenue side of the buildingPage 3:Coin-operated binoculars allow visitors to see even farther at the top of the building.Photo Credits:Front cover,back cover:MarkusBeck/iStock/Thinkstock;title pa
16、ge:behyar rahmanim/iStock/Thinkstock;page 3:age fotostock/age fotostock/Superstock;page 4:Esta/Esta/Superstock;page 5:Venemama/D;page 6(top):DIZ Muenchen GmbH,Sueddeutsche Zeitung Photo/Alamy;pages 6(bottom),16,17:Everett Collection Historical/Alamy;page 7:Underwood&Underwood/Corbis;page 8:Corbis;pa
17、ge 10:Imagno/Austrian Archives/The Image Works;page 11:Dgrilla/D;page 12(top left):Granger,NYC;pages 12(top right),18:Everett Collection Inc/Alamy;pages 12(center left,bottom left),13(bottom):Bettmann/Corbis;page 12(bottom right):Museum of the City of New York/Granger,NYC;page 13(top):INTERFOTO/Alam
18、y;page 14(left,right)AP Images;page 15:Riveters on the Empire State Building,193031(gelatin silver print),Hine,Lewis Wickes(18741940)/Private Collection/Photo Christies Images/Bridgeman Images;page 19:REX USA/Caiaimage/Rexart decobargesdirigibles iconic mass-produced moguls rivetedscaffolds spire st
19、eelunprecedentedvantage pointWords to KnowEmpire State BuildingWorld Landmarks Level Z1 Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Elspeth LeacockAll rights reserved.www.readinga-CorrelationLEVEL Z1WXN/A60Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRAEmpire State Building 1920The Empire State Building became the worlds
20、 tallest skyscraper when it was completed in 1931.It held that title for longer than any other building,until the World Trade Center took over as the tallest in 1971.The Empire State Building has been designated Americas favorite building and one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World.Soon after t
21、he buildings fiftieth birthday in 1981,it was declared a landmark,which means it must be preserved to appear as it always haswith renovations and modernizations,of course,including air conditioning!Today,the worlds most famous office building is still a prominent feature of New York Citys skyline,pr
22、oving that Al Smith was accurate when he declared that the building had been built for generations to come.Glossaryart deco(n.)a bold style of decorative art,design,and architecture from the 1920s and 1930s that featured strong lines and geometric shapes(p.10)barges(n.)boats with flat bottoms that c
23、arry freight,usually on a canal or river (p.8)dirigibles(n.)large,often rigid airships without wings that are filled with gas and float(p.14)iconic(adj.)of or relating to an important symbol;famous and recognizable(p.5)mass-produced(v.)made or created on a large scale(p.10)moguls(n.)important or pow
24、erful people within a profession or industry(p.6)riveted(v.)joined together with metal pins or bolts that are held in place by being beaten or bent while hot(p.9)scaffolds(n.)temporary platforms used to support workers during building,repairing,or decorating a structure(p.16)spire(n.)the pointed top
25、 of a tower or other building(p.6)steel(n.)a kind of strong metal made of iron and carbon(p.9)unprecedented(adj.)never having happened before(p.6)vantage point(n.)the position from which one looks at or thinks about something(p.4)On special holidays,the building uses its new LED lighting system,with
26、 sixteen million colors,to put on light shows.Empire State Building Level Z11718On the busiest days,some 3,500 workers bustled around the site at once.Keeping that many people safe and healthy on a dangerous construction site is a big job,so the site had its own hospital.A nurse was present full-tim
27、e,and a doctor visited several times a day to attend to any patients.August is hot in New York City,so cool drinking water was piped to every floor.Water boys,often as young as sixteen years old,took bucketfuls to the workers,no matter how precarious their location.Some water boys thought it was a t
28、hrill working on the beams,but they quickly learned not to look down,but instead to look to the end of the beam.A Building for the AgesSome people thought the Empire State Building would be struck by lightning and destroyed or that winds would batter and sway the top floors,causing people to fall.As
29、 for the lightning,during one summer,a scientist recorded lightning striking the mast forty-eight times without any damage.When a hurricane struck with winds up to 120 miles per hour(193.1 kmph),the top of the building did sway,but only a few inches,and no one fell.Disaster did strike,however,during
30、 World War II.It was a Saturday when the pilot of a U.S.Army Air Force bomber became disoriented in the fog and crashed it into the building.Fourteen people perished in the crash and the fire that followed,but the building stood strong.Five workers died while working on the Empire State Building.Whe
31、n a 10-ton (9.1 mt)U.S.bomber struck the 78th to 80th floors,the plane left a hole 18 feet(5.5 m)wide,and one of its engines bore right through the building.Empire State Building Level Z134An Amazing ViewHow do you see five states in five minutes?Choose a clear day,travel to 350 Fifth Avenue in New
32、York City,take a one-minute elevator ride to the 86th floor,and amble around the perimeter as you look out toward the horizon.From the vantage point of the observatory of the Empire State Building,you can see up to 80 miles(129 km)in every directiona distance that allows you to see not only New York
33、 but also parts of New Jersey,Pennsylvania,Connecticut,and Massachusetts.Visit in the evening and you may see stars in the night sky.Sometimes visitors see stars in the daytime,too,since actors and recording artists enjoy the awesome view as well.As Far as the Eye Can SeeAs Far as the Eye Can SeeATL
34、ANTIC OCEANNew YorkNew JerseyConnecticutPennsylvaniaMassachusettsFrom the top of the Empire State Building,you can see five states.Table of ContentsAn Amazing View .4Fame!.5A Winning Team .6Crash to the Bottom!.7Race to the Top .9The Workers .15A Building for the Ages.18Glossary.20 80 miles(129 km)E
35、mpire State Building Level Z134An Amazing ViewHow do you see five states in five minutes?Choose a clear day,travel to 350 Fifth Avenue in New York City,take a one-minute elevator ride to the 86th floor,and amble around the perimeter as you look out toward the horizon.From the vantage point of the ob
36、servatory of the Empire State Building,you can see up to 80 miles(129 km)in every directiona distance that allows you to see not only New York but also parts of New Jersey,Pennsylvania,Connecticut,and Massachusetts.Visit in the evening and you may see stars in the night sky.Sometimes visitors see st
37、ars in the daytime,too,since actors and recording artists enjoy the awesome view as well.As Far as the Eye Can SeeAs Far as the Eye Can SeeATLANTIC OCEANNew YorkNew JerseyConnecticutPennsylvaniaMassachusettsFrom the top of the Empire State Building,you can see five states.Table of ContentsAn Amazing
38、 View .4Fame!.5A Winning Team .6Crash to the Bottom!.7Race to the Top .9The Workers .15A Building for the Ages.18Glossary.20 80 miles(129 km)Empire State Building Level Z11718On the busiest days,some 3,500 workers bustled around the site at once.Keeping that many people safe and healthy on a dangero
39、us construction site is a big job,so the site had its own hospital.A nurse was present full-time,and a doctor visited several times a day to attend to any patients.August is hot in New York City,so cool drinking water was piped to every floor.Water boys,often as young as sixteen years old,took bucke
40、tfuls to the workers,no matter how precarious their location.Some water boys thought it was a thrill working on the beams,but they quickly learned not to look down,but instead to look to the end of the beam.A Building for the AgesSome people thought the Empire State Building would be struck by light
41、ning and destroyed or that winds would batter and sway the top floors,causing people to fall.As for the lightning,during one summer,a scientist recorded lightning striking the mast forty-eight times without any damage.When a hurricane struck with winds up to 120 miles per hour(193.1 kmph),the top of
42、 the building did sway,but only a few inches,and no one fell.Disaster did strike,however,during World War II.It was a Saturday when the pilot of a U.S.Army Air Force bomber became disoriented in the fog and crashed it into the building.Fourteen people perished in the crash and the fire that followed
43、,but the building stood strong.Five workers died while working on the Empire State Building.When a 10-ton (9.1 mt)U.S.bomber struck the 78th to 80th floors,the plane left a hole 18 feet(5.5 m)wide,and one of its engines bore right through the building.Empire State Building Level Z11516The WorkersPeo
44、ple jammed the sidewalks to stare up at them strolling on the thin edge of nothingness.Reporters called them the best open-air show in town.They were the steelworkers,and their job was dangerous.The timing and trust among team members was critical.It was so important that when one member of a four-m
45、an crew got sick,the other three also went home.Crew members had to be brave and skilled,and had to know and trust each other completely.Each worker had a specific role.To fasten the steel beams together,the“heater,”got a rivet red hot in his bucket of glowing coals and tossed it.The“catcher”caught
46、the rivet and placed it in its hole.Then the“bucker-up”pushed on one end of the rivet with a metal bar as the“riveter”smashed the other end with an air hammer.They did all this while standing on narrow beams with nothing to catch them if they fell.Many of the best steelworkers were from the Mohawk N
47、ationNative Americans from New York State.Some could set a rivet every minute.Right behind the sky boys,on scaffolds high above the streets,were the men who built the curtain wall.Behind them came the interior workers,including plumbers,carpenters,electricians,bricklayers,and more.In one day,there m
48、ight be between sixty and eighty different kinds of specialized workers at the Empire State Building.Do You Know?Photographer Lewis Hine called the steelworkers“sky boys.”It took 7 million hours of labor to:set and rivet 57,000 tons(51,709 mt)of steel place 6,400 windows and 200,000 cubic feet (5,66
49、3 cu m)of limestone lay 10 million bricks apply 10,000 tons (9,072 mt)of plaster install 6,700 radiators,2,500 sinks and toilets,and 51 miles(82 km)of pipe install 67 elevators in 7 miles(11 km)of shafts build a 365,000-ton (331,122 mt)buildingEmpire State Building Level Z156Fame!The Empire State Bu
50、ilding was the tallest building in the world for decadesso tall that sunrise occurs about a half hour earlier on top than at street level.It is beautiful,big enough to have its own zip code,and an exciting place to visit.Its fame draws tourists from every nation;athletes are drawn to the challenge o