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1、www.readinga-George Washington CarverA Reading AZ Level R Leveled BookWord Count:1,100Written by Cynthia Kennedy HenzelLEVELED BOOK RLORGeorge Washington CarverVisit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.CorrelationLEVEL RN3030Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRAPhoto Credits:Front cover,
2、page 13(top):Corbis;back cover,pages 8,11,16:The Granger Collection,NYC;title page:AP Images;page 3:Christopher Gannon/Tribune/AP Images;page 5:iS Sucsy;page 7(left):courtesy of George Washington Carver National Monument;page 7(right):courtesy of Library of Congress,Prints&Photographs Division,HABS
3、MO,73-DIA.V,1-1;pages 12,19:Bettmann/Corbis;page 13(bottom):iS Islander;page 15:Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis;page 17:iS Crockett;page 18:Jim West/The Image WorksWritten by Cynthia Kennedy HenzelGeorge Washington CarverLevel R Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Cynthia Kennedy HenzelIllustrated b
4、y Stephen MarchesiAll rights reserved.www.readinga-www.readinga-George Washington Carver1920George Washington Carver believed that people should treat each other with respect.He won the respect of a nation at a time when few black people got much respect at all.Carver also believed that people shoul
5、d respect and care for the Earth.If they did,nature would provide the things they needed.Many years later,we are discovering that he was right.Glossaryagriculture(n.)the science of farming and raising livestock(p.10)Civil War(n.)the war between the northern and southern states of the United States o
6、f America(18611865)(p.5)Congress(n.)the highest lawmaking body of the U.S.government,which includes the Senate and the House of Representatives(p.14)fertilizer(n.)a natural or chemical substance that promotes plant growth(p.11)inventor(n.)a person who creates,designs,or builds something that did not
7、 exist before(p.13)nutrient(n.)a substance that living things need to live,stay healthy,and grow (p.12)professor(n.)a college or university teacher who teaches in a specialized field(p.5)segregated(adj.)kept apart based on group differences,such as race(p.8)sharecroppers(n.)farmers who work on lands
8、 owned by others in return for part of the profit from the crops(p.17)Not long before he died,Carver donated$33,000 to the Tuskegee Institute to carry on the agricultural work he began.(That would be about$450,000 today!)George Washington Carver Level RCorrelationLEVEL RN3030Fountas&PinnellReading R
9、ecoveryDRAPhoto Credits:Front cover,page 13(top):Corbis;back cover,pages 8,11,16:The Granger Collection,NYC;title page:AP Images;page 3:Christopher Gannon/Tribune/AP Images;page 5:iS Sucsy;page 7(left):courtesy of George Washington Carver National Monument;page 7(right):courtesy of Library of Congre
10、ss,Prints&Photographs Division,HABS MO,73-DIA.V,1-1;pages 12,19:Bettmann/Corbis;page 13(bottom):iS Islander;page 15:Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis;page 17:iS Crockett;page 18:Jim West/The Image WorksWritten by Cynthia Kennedy HenzelGeorge Washington CarverLevel R Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by
11、 Cynthia Kennedy HenzelIllustrated by Stephen MarchesiAll rights reserved.www.readinga-www.readinga-George Washington Carver1920George Washington Carver believed that people should treat each other with respect.He won the respect of a nation at a time when few black people got much respect at all.Ca
12、rver also believed that people should respect and care for the Earth.If they did,nature would provide the things they needed.Many years later,we are discovering that he was right.Glossaryagriculture(n.)the science of farming and raising livestock(p.10)Civil War(n.)the war between the northern and so
13、uthern states of the United States of America(18611865)(p.5)Congress(n.)the highest lawmaking body of the U.S.government,which includes the Senate and the House of Representatives(p.14)fertilizer(n.)a natural or chemical substance that promotes plant growth(p.11)inventor(n.)a person who creates,desi
14、gns,or builds something that did not exist before(p.13)nutrient(n.)a substance that living things need to live,stay healthy,and grow (p.12)professor(n.)a college or university teacher who teaches in a specialized field(p.5)segregated(adj.)kept apart based on group differences,such as race(p.8)sharec
15、roppers(n.)farmers who work on lands owned by others in return for part of the profit from the crops(p.17)Not long before he died,Carver donated$33,000 to the Tuskegee Institute to carry on the agricultural work he began.(That would be about$450,000 today!)George Washington Carver Level R1718Many we
16、re sharecroppers who could not afford to buy land.Sharecroppers grew cotton on someone elses land.Many of those who owned land in the South cheated their tenants by lending them money to buy supplies at high interest rates.The farmers share of the crop went to pay the landowner,so the farmer was lef
17、t with nothing.Other farmers rented land.If a farmer worked hard to improve the land,the landowner could raise the rent.The farmer had to pay more or move.A Lasting LegacyOther scientists during Carvers time invented ways to use oil to make fuel,fertilizers,and plastics.Carver realized that oil was
18、a resource that would someday be used up.He experimented with fuel made from plants.He encouraged farmers to use natural fertilizers instead of expensive,unsafe chemicals that polluted the land and water.He taught recycling,telling his students,“Save everything.From what you have make what you want.
19、”Carver knew natural compost would feed the soil,as in this community garden.Math MinuteInterest is the amount of money people are charged when they borrow money from other people or banks.If someone borrows$100 at an interest rate of 25%per year,that person will owe$125 after one year.If you borrow
20、ed$200 with a 10%interest rate,how much interest would you owe after one year?George Washington Carver Level R34Table of ContentsA Ruined Land .4Born a Slave .6Learning on His Own.8Making a Difference .11Ideas Are Free .15Unfair to Farmers .16A Lasting Legacy.18Glossary .20A Ruined LandGeorge Washin
21、gton Carver was shocked by what he saw from the window of the train.It was 1896,and families lived in crumbling shacks with cotton planted all the way up to the porch.The Alabama farmland was eroded and cracked.The cotton plants were as skinny and unhealthy as the children.In Alabama,George Washingt
22、on Carver saw cottonand little elsegrowing everywhere.George Washington Carver Level R34Table of ContentsA Ruined Land .4Born a Slave .6Learning on His Own.8Making a Difference .11Ideas Are Free .15Unfair to Farmers .16A Lasting Legacy.18Glossary .20A Ruined LandGeorge Washington Carver was shocked
23、by what he saw from the window of the train.It was 1896,and families lived in crumbling shacks with cotton planted all the way up to the porch.The Alabama farmland was eroded and cracked.The cotton plants were as skinny and unhealthy as the children.In Alabama,George Washington Carver saw cottonand
24、little elsegrowing everywhere.George Washington Carver Level R1718Many were sharecroppers who could not afford to buy land.Sharecroppers grew cotton on someone elses land.Many of those who owned land in the South cheated their tenants by lending them money to buy supplies at high interest rates.The
25、farmers share of the crop went to pay the landowner,so the farmer was left with nothing.Other farmers rented land.If a farmer worked hard to improve the land,the landowner could raise the rent.The farmer had to pay more or move.A Lasting LegacyOther scientists during Carvers time invented ways to us
26、e oil to make fuel,fertilizers,and plastics.Carver realized that oil was a resource that would someday be used up.He experimented with fuel made from plants.He encouraged farmers to use natural fertilizers instead of expensive,unsafe chemicals that polluted the land and water.He taught recycling,tel
27、ling his students,“Save everything.From what you have make what you want.”Carver knew natural compost would feed the soil,as in this community garden.Math MinuteInterest is the amount of money people are charged when they borrow money from other people or banks.If someone borrows$100 at an interest
28、rate of 25%per year,that person will owe$125 after one year.If you borrowed$200 with a 10%interest rate,how much interest would you owe after one year?George Washington Carver Level R1516Carver began to talk about all the things that could be made with the tiny peanut.The men fell silent.When his te
29、n minutes were up,they gave him more time.In the end,Congress passed a law to help U.S.peanut farmers.Over the years,Carver became as famous as many rock stars are today.Crowds gathered to hear the famed scientist speak.The inventor Thomas Edison offered him a high-paying job in his lab,but Carver d
30、idnt want it.He wanted to help people more than he wanted to make money.He believed that ideas were free,so they should be freely given.Unfair to FarmersCarver spent forty-seven years helping poor farmers.There was a limit,though,to what one man and his science could do.He could not change the unfai
31、r conditions that kept many farmers in the South poor.Carver greeted President Franklin Delano Roosevelt,around 1936.An Alabama sharecropper family,1902George Washington Carver Level R56During the Civil War(18611865),many of the old plantations of the South had been destroyed.More than 600,000 peopl
32、e had died during the fighting,leaving farms abandoned or not cared for.More than four million slaves had been freed,but most had no education and few skills to make a life for themselves.Thirty years after the war,many of the freed slaves could barely feed their families.Professor Carver had given
33、up a good job teaching at an Iowa college to come to Alabama to help the struggling farmers.He would help them by teaching that too much of a good thing can become a bad thing.What was ruining their farms was too much cotton.Born a SlaveGeorge was born in Missouri in 1864,during the Civil War.His mo
34、ther was a slave,so George was born a slave,too.When George was a baby,night riders stole him and his mother.Moses and Susan Carver,the couple who owned them,sent a man to find them.He found George,but his mother was never seen again.IowaMissouriAlabamaTexasArkansasIllinoisMichiganWisconsinKansasOkl
35、ahomaNebraskaMinnesotaS.DakotaGeorgiaFloridaMississippiLouisianaTennesseeKentuckyWest VirginiaIndianaOhioGULF OF MEXICOCarver grew up in Missouri,studied in Kansas and Iowa,and worked in Alabama.States Where Carver Lived and WorkedCANADAGeorge Washington Carver Level R56During the Civil War(18611865
36、),many of the old plantations of the South had been destroyed.More than 600,000 people had died during the fighting,leaving farms abandoned or not cared for.More than four million slaves had been freed,but most had no education and few skills to make a life for themselves.Thirty years after the war,
37、many of the freed slaves could barely feed their families.Professor Carver had given up a good job teaching at an Iowa college to come to Alabama to help the struggling farmers.He would help them by teaching that too much of a good thing can become a bad thing.What was ruining their farms was too mu
38、ch cotton.Born a SlaveGeorge was born in Missouri in 1864,during the Civil War.His mother was a slave,so George was born a slave,too.When George was a baby,night riders stole him and his mother.Moses and Susan Carver,the couple who owned them,sent a man to find them.He found George,but his mother wa
39、s never seen again.IowaMissouriAlabamaTexasArkansasIllinoisMichiganWisconsinKansasOklahomaNebraskaMinnesotaS.DakotaGeorgiaFloridaMississippiLouisianaTennesseeKentuckyWest VirginiaIndianaOhioGULF OF MEXICOCarver grew up in Missouri,studied in Kansas and Iowa,and worked in Alabama.States Where Carver
40、Lived and WorkedCANADAGeorge Washington Carver Level R1516Carver began to talk about all the things that could be made with the tiny peanut.The men fell silent.When his ten minutes were up,they gave him more time.In the end,Congress passed a law to help U.S.peanut farmers.Over the years,Carver becam
41、e as famous as many rock stars are today.Crowds gathered to hear the famed scientist speak.The inventor Thomas Edison offered him a high-paying job in his lab,but Carver didnt want it.He wanted to help people more than he wanted to make money.He believed that ideas were free,so they should be freely
42、 given.Unfair to FarmersCarver spent forty-seven years helping poor farmers.There was a limit,though,to what one man and his science could do.He could not change the unfair conditions that kept many farmers in the South poor.Carver greeted President Franklin Delano Roosevelt,around 1936.An Alabama s
43、harecropper family,1902George Washington Carver Level R1314Still,farmers needed a way to sell these new crops.So Professor Carver became an inventor.He developed more than a hundred ways to use sweet potatoes and three hundred ways to use peanuts!Ideas Are FreeBy 1921,people were listening to Carver
44、s ideas.He was asked to speak before members of the U.S.Congress.Some of the members from the South,who were shocked to see a black man speaking to Congress,laughed and made fun of him.Still,he had been given ten minutes to talk,and he made the most of them.The Truth About Peanut ButterCarver invent
45、ed up to 300 uses for the peanut:pavement,grease,medicines,peanut coffee,peanut mayonnaise,peanut flour,peanut milk,shoe polish,bleach,sandpaper,and more.Contrary to popular belief,however,he did not create peanut butter.The Aztecs are known to have eaten a paste made from peanuts.Peter Pan and then
46、 Skippy were the first companies to make the creamy,tasty goo we eat today.Carver put Southern crops to work in his laboratory.Carver spoke to members of Congress about peanuts.George Washington Carver Level R78When the Civil War ended in 1865,George and his older brother,Jim,were freed.The Carvers
47、gave the orphaned boys a home.Jim helped Moses in the fields,but George was often sick and stayed at home to help Susan.She taught him to read,write,and sew,but George liked best to garden and explore nature.Learning on His Own George taught himself about the local plants and animals,but he wanted t
48、o go to school to learn even more.Many schools at that time were segregated,which meant that white and black students could not attend the same school.The local school did not allow black students,so when George was twelve,he left home to go to school.He lived with another couple,the Watkins,and wor
49、ked for his meals and room.At thirteen,he moved to Kansas.Terror in the Night During and after the days of slavery,groups of men roamed the countryside terrifying,robbing,and murdering people.These men wanted black people to remain slaves.They hoped to scare or punish black people who tried to escap
50、e or improve their lives.The men dressed in sheets to look like ghosts.Because they attacked at night,they were known as night riders.Georges NameGeorges mother gave him his first name,and he was known as Carvers George.When he moved at age 12,Mariah Watkins,the woman he lived with,told him he was n