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1、高二英语暑假精品课（外研版2019选择必修1）词汇和阅读理解Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger1 .提前预习新外研版选择必修一 Unit3的词汇和阅读2 .掌握高二阅读长难句分析方法和阅读（说明文）解题方法函?础知识一.重点词汇学习1.英译汉【小题1】1. shiny adj. 【小题2】1. bounce v. 【小题3】1. muddy adj 【小题4】1. teammate n. 【小题9】动词conclude表示“下结论”，故填下结论。【小题10形容词intense表示“紧张的”，故填紧张的。【小题11】及物动词memorize表示“记住”，故填记住。【小
2、题12名词comeback表示“恢复”，故填恢复。重点词汇答案见教材词汇表二.重点短语1 .汉译英【小题1】1. 与大不相同【小题2】1倒塌,向下垮【小题3】1.仿效某人;继承某人（尤指家人）的事业1.继续【小题5】1. 连续地【小题6】1.着手做某事【小题7】1.最终做某事【小题8】1.四处，四面八方【小题9】1.与分离（分开）；脱落【小题101.穿上【小题11】1.取得成功【小题121.突然出现在（指突然成功）【小题131.促成,有助于【小题141.兴奋,狂热知识点其他答案【小题 1 a far cry from【小题2】 give way【小题 3 follow in ones foot
3、steps【小题4】 carry on【小题5】in a row【小题6】 set out to do sth【小题 7 end up doing sth【小题 8】in all directions【小题9】 come off【小题10】pull on【小题11】pay off【小题12 burst onto小题 13 contribute to【小题14】go wild解析【小题1】“与大不相同”英文表达为a far cry from,故填a far cry from。【小题2】“倒塌，向下垮”英文表达为give way,故填give way。【小题3】 “仿效某人;继承某人（尤指家人）的
4、事业”英文表达为follow in ones footsteps, 故填 follow in ones footsteps0【小题4】“继续”英文表达为carry on,故填carry on。【小题5】“连续地”英文表达为in a row,故填in a row。【小题6】“着手做某事”英文表达为set out to do sth,故填set out to do sth。【小题7】“最终做某事”英文表达为end up doing sth,故填end up doing sth。【小题8】“四处,四面八方“英文表达为交all directions,故填in all directions。【小题9】“
5、与分离（分开）；脱落”英文表达为come off,故填come off。【小题10“穿上”英文表达为pull on,故填pull on0“取得成功”英文表达为pay off,故填pay off。【小题12“突然出现在（指突然成功）”英文表达为burst onio,故填burst onto。【小题13“促成,有助于”英文表达为contribute lo,故填contribuie to。【小题14】“兴奋，狂热”英文表达为go wild,故填gowikLi Q考点剖析 lunuiMiiiuiiiiMiiiniiiiuiiiiMiai考点1：sharpen v.使提高，使改进;使变锋利要点归纳（l）
6、sharp adj.敏锐的;锋利的;（变化）急剧的，猛烈的;响亮的严厉的adv.（指时刻）整;向左/右急转be sharp with sb对某人严厉（2）sharply adv.急剧地;严厉地;鲜明地，明显地1.【单句填空】1. He was very sharpme when 1 was late.（用适当的词填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案with解析考查动词短语。句意：当我迟到时，他对我很严厉。根据句意可知，此处为动 词短语be sharp with sb 对某人严厉，满足句意要求。故填with。2. 1 hope this course will help me(sharp) my
7、 computer skill.(所给词的适 当形式填空)知识点动词不定式答案sharpen解析考查动词。句意：我希望这门课程能帮助我提高计算机技能。help sb. do固 定搭配，意为帮助某人做某事，所以此处应用动词sharpen作宾语补足语, 故填 sharpeno3. Their experiences contrast (sharp) with those of other children.(所给 词的适当形式填空)知识点副词的功用答案sharply解析考查副词。句意：他们的经历和其他孩子的形成鲜明的对比。此处应用副词修 饰动词contrast,根据句意可知，此处表示鲜明地”为副词
8、sharply ,故填 sharply。补全句子1. The lecture starts.Late comers will not be admitted.讲座6点整开始。迟到者不得入内。知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案at 6:00 sharp解析考查介词短语。表示6点整用at 6:00 sharpo故填at 6:00 sharp。考点2：expectation n.预料，预期要点归纳(1 )bcyond onc expectations 超出某人的预期in (the) expectation of 预料;期望;指望in the expectation that.预计/期望live/come
9、 up to ones expectations不负某人所望;达至U某人期望expect v.预料;期待;期望;认为expect (sb) to do sth期待(某人)做某事be expected to do sth预计做某事;被期待做某事以J2 .【单句填空】1. He that his parents give him lots of love instead of highotherwise he will be loaded with great pressure.(expect)(所给词的 适当形式填空)知识点名词的功用，一般现在时，名词的数答案cxpcctscxpcctation
10、s解析考查动词和名词。句意：他希望他的父母给他很多的爱，而不是很高的期望， 否则他会负担很大的压力。第一空作谓语，根据后文give可知为一般现在时, 主要为he ,谓语用三单形式；第二空作介词的宾语,且表示数量大于一应用复 数名词 expectations.故填expects ;expectations。2. The amazing scenery of the Summer Palace isexpectation.(用适当的 词填空)知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案beyond解析考查介词。句意：颐和园令人惊叹的景色是出乎意料的。根据句意以及空后 expectation为名词可知，此处为介词
11、beyond超过构成介词短语beyond expectation 出乎意料，满足句意要求,所以此处为介词beyond的填入。 故填 beyondo3. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more highpressure than I (1) (expect).(所给词的适当形式填空)知识点过去完成时答案解析考查动词时态。句意：就像我在第一晚的晚餐上告诉我父母的那样，这一切都 比我想象的更有压力。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据主句中的 谓语动词was ,以及as引导的状语从句中的谓
12、语动词told可知，该句描述的 是过去的事情,结合句意,expect发生在主句谓语was之前，所以使用过去 完成时，且与句子主语I之间为主动关系。故填had expected.4. Dont expect the little child（finish） all this work in so little time.（所给词的适当形式填空）知识点动词不定式答案to finish解析考查非谓语动词。句意:别指望这个小孩子在这么短的时间内完成所有的工作。此处为短语expect sb. to d。sth.表示期待某人做某事。故填to finish0写作链接补全句子1. Determined to，
13、I have to go all out.1. sharpen v.【小题6】1. footstep n.【小题7】1. expectation Q）【小题8】1. philosophy n. 【小题9】1. cheat v. 【小题101. self-belief n. 知识点其他【答案【小题1】光滑发亮的，闪亮的【小题2】（使）弹起，（使）反弹【小题3】沾满泥的，泥泞的【小题4】队友【小题5】使提高，使改进【小题6】脚步，足迹【小题7】预料，预期【小题8】人生哲学我决心不辜负父母的期望，我必须全力以赴。知识点动词不定式答案live/come up to my parents expecta
14、tions解析考查固定短语和名词。根据句意，表示不辜负应为live up to或者come up to ,表示我父母的期望应为my parents* expectations作不辜负 的宾语，分析句子结构可知，该空位于不定式符号to之后，且表示主动意义, 所以此处应为动词原形。故填 live/come up to my parents expectationso考点3：burst v. (burst, burst)突然出现;爆裂;爆发n.突然破裂;爆发要点归纳burst out crying.1aughing(1) burrt into tetnlauditcr突然哭起来/笑起来burst i
15、n/inlo闯入，突然破门而入burst with anger 勃然大怒burst onto突然出现在(指突然成功)(2)a burst of一阵;突然爆发语法要领(l)burst in中的in是副词，后面不接宾语;(2)burst into中的into是介词，后而应接宾语。以 3【单句填空】单句语法填空/写出下面句中黑体部分的含义1. I was teaching foreigners to learn Beijing Opera when a group of pupils burst.（用适当的词填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案in解析考查介词。句意：我正在教外国人学京剧，这时一群小
16、学生闯了进来。结合句 意表示闯入可知短语为burst in ,故填in。2. He burst the room without knocking al the door, which made me very angry.（用适当的词填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案Into解析考查固定搭配。句意：他没敲门就闯入房间，这让我很生气。短语burst into 表示闯入符合句意，故填into。3. He burst the fashion scene in the early 1980s.（用适当的词填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案Onto解析考查固定短语。句意20世纪80年代初他突然在时
17、尚界活跃起来。burst onto sth.为固定短语，意为突然在出现，突然显现，设空处需填介词onto。 故填onto。4.By 9 ： 33 am, a burst of additional traffic might push signal cycle to 145 seconds.词汇/句式升级1. When she saw her classmates burst out laughing because of her foolish mistakes, she burst into tears.Seeing her classmates burst into laughter b
18、ecause of her foolish mistakes, she （现在分词作状语）庆口识点一般过去时答案burst out crying解析考查动词短语和时态。句意：当她看到同学们因为她的愚蠢错误而大笑时，她 哭了起来。分析句子结构可知，Seeing her classmates burst into laughter 是现在分成作状语she是主句,burst into tears等于burst out crying ,意为突然哭了起来，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时， burst应用过去式，故填burst out cryingo加入作V视频纠错收藏考点4：pay off取得成功
19、;得到好结果;偿清要点归纳pay for sth付某物的钱;为某物付出代价pay back偿还（欠款）;报复;回报pay a visit to参观;拜访pay attention to 注意;留心u 4【单句填空】单句语法填空1. The watch was very good, and he paid 20 per cent downit.（用适当的 词填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案for解析考查动词短语。句意：这块表很好，他付了 20%的定金。根据句意可知，此 处为动词短语pay.for.为支付，满足句意要求。故填for。2. That I can paythe help peopl
20、e gave me makes me happy.（用适当的词 填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案Back解析考查固定短语。句意：我可以回报人们给我的帮助，这让我很高兴。结合句意 表示回报可知短语为pay back ,故填backo3. We heard noises coming from upstairs, but we didnt pay much attentionthem.（用适当的词填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案to解析考查固定短语。句意：我们听到楼上有声音，但没怎么注意。分析句子结构可 知，此处应为固定短语pay attention to意为注意符合句意。故填to。补全句
21、子1. As a proverb goes, where there is a will, there is a way. Our effortsin time.俗话说，有志者事竟成。我们的努力终有回报。知识点一般将来时答案will pay off解析考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示回报，应用动词短语 pay off,根据句子的谓语动词goes以及is可知，该句的谓语动词为一般现在 时，结合句意以及时间状语in time可知,pay off表示将来的动作，所以此处 应使用一般将来时，且与句子主语our efforts之间为主动关系。故填will pay offo考点5：a far
22、 cry from与大不相同要点归纳as far as 据,就by far （修饰比较级或最高级）得多;最so far到目前为止，迄今far from远离;远非;完全不5【单句填空】1. Living in the heart of New York City is certainly a far cryliving in the rural countryside.（用适当的词填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案from解析考查介词。句意：住在纽约市中心和住在乡下是完全不同的。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定短语a far cry from意为与大不相同”符合句意。故填 fromo2. Wat
23、ching sport wasfar the most popular activity on Saturday aflernoons.（用适当的词填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案by解析考查固定短语。句意：到目前为止，观看体育比赛是周六下午最受欢迎的活动。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定短语by far修饰形容词的最高级。故填by。3. We shouldnt have spent so much money visiting here; the scenery is far _beautiful.（用适当的词填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案 from解析考查介词。句意：我们不应该花那
24、么多钱来这里参观；风景一点也不美。be farfrom毫不；一点也不;远非。根据句意，故填fromo补全句子1.，the meeting wont be held tomorrow.据我所知，明天不举行会议。知识点一般现在时,固定句型答案As far as I know解析考查固定句型。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为固定句型As far as I know “据我所知，句意陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时。故填As far as I know。考点6：give way倒塌，向下垮要点归纳give way to被取代;向让步give out放出，发出（光、热、声音等）;分发;公布;用完，耗尽giv
25、e away赠送，捐赠;泄露（秘密）;颁发give up放弃;戒除give in屈服;投降give off放出，散发（光、热、烟、气味等）6【单句填空】1. He showed us that even a single desire, never givenon, can make for a remarkable li电（用适当的词填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案叩解析考查固定短语。句意：他告诉我们，即使是一个愿望，永不放弃，也可以创造非凡的生活。结合句意表示“放弃可知短语为give up on ,故填up02. On the edge of the jacket, there is
26、a piece of cloth that giveslight in the dark.（用适当的词填空）知识点动词的固定结构答案 off解析考查动词短语。句意：在夹克的边缘有一块布，可以在黑暗中发光。根据句意 可知，此处为动词短语give off 散发，释放，满足句意要求。故填off。【小题9】欺骗，作弊【小题10】自信解析【小题1】形容词shiny意为“光滑发亮的，闪亮的”。故填“光滑发亮的，闪亮的”。【小题2】动词bounce意为“（使）弹起，（使）反弹”。故填“（使）弹起，（使）反 弹”。【小题3】形容词muddy 沾满泥的，泥泞的。故填“沾满泥的，泥泞的”。【小题4】名词teamm
27、ate意为“队友”。故填“队友”。【小题5】动词sharpen意为“使提高，使改进”。故填“使提高，使改进”。【小题6】名词footstep意为“脚步,足迹” o故填“脚步,足迹”。【小题7】名词expectation意为“预料，预期”。故填“预料，预期”。【小题8】3. The headmaster gaveIhe prizes lo the winners at the sports meeting.（用适当的词填空）知识点副词的功用答案away解析考查固定搭配。句意：校长在运动会上向获胜者颁发了奖品。give away固定 搭配，意为赠送，符合句意,故填away。补全句子1. Al fi
28、rst he said nothing, and then起先他什么也没说，后来他的沉默渐渐转为愤怒。知识点一般过去时答案his silence gave way to anger解析 考查动词短语。结合句意表示沉默应用名词silence，作主语，表示渐 渐转为愤怒应用give way to anger,结合上文said可知为一般过去时。故 填 his silence gave way to angero考点7：carry on继续;坚持;经营;进行（生意、谈话等）要点归纳with sthcarry on加用经由继续做某事carry out实行;执行;进行;履行（诺言、义务等）【单句填空】1.
29、 Yoiril have an accident if you carry on（drive） like that.（所给词的适 当形式填空）知识点动名词答案driving解析考查动名词。句意：如果你继续那样开车，你会出车祸的。根据句意可知，此 处为动词短语carry on doing sth 继续做某事，满足句意要求，所以此处 为动名词形式。故填driving。2. First of all, the most significant thing is to set a goal, work out a plan and carry_your plan step by step.（用适当的词
30、填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案out解析考查介词。句意：首先，最重要的是设定一个目标，制定一个计划，并一步一 步地执行你的计划。carry out执行。根据句意，故填out。词汇升级1. If you continue working like that, you will break down sooner or later.（句型转换）一If youworking like that, you will break down sooner or later.知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案carry on解析考查动词短语。句意：如果你继续那样工作，你迟早会垮掉的。此处动词 contin
31、ue可用动词短语carry on替换，句子是一般现在时，主语是you ,故填 carry ono域真题演.一 MIIIIIIIIIIIUIItIMIIIilllllltMllMlll（一）用所给词的适当形式填空1. A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year willhelp （sharp） your year ahead.（所给词的适当形式填空）知识点动词不定式答案shai*pcn解析考查动词。句意：在年底快速回顾一下成功和失败会帮助你在新的一年里更加 敏锐。分析句子可，此处为动词短语help do sth ”帮助做
32、某事，为省略动 词不定式to的结构，所以空格处应该填入形容词sharp的动词形式sharpen , 且应该用动词原形。故填sharpen。2. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrousshipwreck（海难），by a cameraman who had no reasonable（expect） of survival.（所给词的适当形式填空）知识点名词的功用答案expectation解析考查名词。句意：事实上，他们是从1914年到1916年拍摄的,其中大部分 是在一场灾难
33、性的海难之后拍摄的，摄影师对他们的生存没有合理的期望。由 空前reasonable为形容词可知,此处为名词形式，后of后面的survival形成 所属关系。故填expectation。3. You see, a bit of respect and(cooperate) can do the job better.(所给词 的适当形式填空)知识点名词的功用，名词的数答案cooperation解析 考查名词。句意：你看，一点尊重和合作可以把工作做得更好。分析句子结构 可知，此处应为名词作主语,cooperate的名词为cooperation意为合作， 且为不可数名词。故填cooperation。
34、4. The exhibition was organized by the school in(associate) with local artists.(所给词的适当形式填空)知识点名词的数答案association解析考查名词和固定短语。句意：展览是由学校与当地艺术家联合举办的。associate 联系是原形动词,名词形式 association , in association with 与联合，是固定短语，故填associationo5. The novel(vivid) described the life of young people in the frontier regi
35、on.(所给词的适当形式填空)知识点副词的功用答案vividly解析考查副词。句意：这部小说生动地描述了边疆年轻人的生活。修饰动词 described应用副词vividly ,作状语。故填vividly。（二）固定用法和搭配1. Mr Gump always said that in the long life one will have had manyupsdowns.（用适当的词填空）知识点并列连词答案and解析考查短语。句意：阿甘先生总是说，在漫长的一生中，一个人会有很多起起落 落。ups and downs高低；起伏；盛衰。根据句意，故填and。2. Never lose heart
36、, fellows, but I am sure you will have the chance tostartzero.（用适当的词填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案from解析考查动词短语。句意：不要灰心，伙计们，但我相信你们将有机会从零开始。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语start from 从开始，满足句意要求。故填with。3. Wc arc called on to carrywar against poverty, illiteracy, and disease. （用适当的词填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案on解析考查介词。句意：我们被要求向贫穷、文盲和疾病宣战。句中ca
37、rry on为固 定短语,意为继续。故填。儿4. Its a beautiful painting, but its a far crygreat art.（用适当的词填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案from解析考查固定短语。句意：这是一幅美丽的画，但与伟大的艺术相差甚远。分析句 子可知，此处为固定短语a far cry from 与.大不相同，满足句意要求。 故填from。5. In human life, happiness and misfortunes arc oftenour expectations, and an unexpected blow may even drive
38、one up the wall.（用适当的词填空）知识点介词与其它词类的搭配答案beyond解析考查介词。句意：在人的一生中,幸福和不幸往往超出我们的预期，意想不到 的打击甚至可能把一个人逼上绝境。根据句意以及空后our expectations为 名词可知，此处为介词beyond 超过，满足句意要求。故填beyond。（三）阅读理解：长难句分析阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(1)1. Overheating is a serious issue for birds flying long distances, and paler feathers that
39、 reflect more of the suns heat may be one of the ways they cope.The latest study of nearly all of the 10000 or so bird species has found that the farther birds migrate (迁徙),the paler their feathers tend to be. This is probably because it helps birds flying in sunlight to keep cool, says Kaspar Del h
40、ey at the Max Planck Institute fbr Ornithology in Sccwicscn, Germany. Feather colour is extremely diverse and many factors can drive the evolution of colours, of which migration is only one.”Several recent studies suggest that overheating is more of a problem fbr birds flying long distances than pre
41、viously thought. For instance, sensors have shown that the body heat of migrating eider ducks can rise so high that they have to stop flying.Another study found that some migrating birds fly much higher during the day than they do at night, despite having to spend more energy staying high in thinner
42、 air. This suggests that the heat of the sun makes them much more likely to overheat, and made Delhey and his colleagues wonder whether migrating birds have lighter feathers to help them cope.The researchers used photos from the Handbook of the Birds of the World to rate the lightness of birds* feat
43、hers from 0 to 10(), treating males and females as separate species because colour is so often different between the sexes. They found that short-distance migrants were significantly lighter than birds that didnt migrate, and long-distance migrants were significantly lighter than short-distance migr
44、ants, even without taking into account factors such as body size or the environmental conditions where birds live.One possible result of the phenomenon is that migrating birds are going to find it even harder to stay cool as the planet heats up. Rising temperatures may force darker名词philosophy意为“人生哲学”。故填“人生哲学”。【小题9】动词cheat意为“欺骗，作弊”。故填“欺骗，作弊”。【小题10名词selfbelief意为“自信”。故填“自信”。2.英译汉【小题1】1. yoga n. 【小题2】1. remarkable【小题3】1. net 【小题4】1. burst v. 【小题5】1. assignment n.g)【小题6】1. vivid adj. 【小题7】1. opponent (i)【小题8】 species to fly only during the night while migrating, says Dellhey, or