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1、2022届浙江省杭州地区（含周边）重点高三上学期期中考试英语试题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节：（共5小题，每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman need to do today?A. Attend a petition.B. Recit
2、e a position.C. Collect some material.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: It seems youre very busy today.W: Yes. I want to take part in a writing petition next week. I need to write a position of about 1,000 words. But before writing I need to search for a lot of material.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the weather probab
3、ly like now?A. Hot.B. Cold.C. Warm.【答案】B【解析】原文W: Ted, I heard youre ill. Why are you outdoors standing in the wind?M: You must have heard it wrong. Its my brother Tim who has a fever. I work out while he doesnt, you know.W: I see. But dont you think you wear too little on such a day?3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去
4、附件查看】When will the man leave for Sweden?A. Today.and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits.（音乐并不是唯一的鸿沟。从服装、发型到活动和期望，早期的父母和孩子似乎在不同 的轨道上运行）”可推断，如今代沟的消失体现在父母与孩子有着更多相同的兴趣爱好。故 选A项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中的 “But family experts warn that the new equa
5、lity can also result in less respect for parents.（但家庭专家警告说，这种新的平衡也会导致人们对父母的尊重减少）” 可知，如今亲子关系之间出现的变化是父母与孩子之间新的平衡。故选C项。【26题详解】句意猜测题。根据划线句 “My parents were on the before, side of that change, but todays parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the after side.（我的父母站在变革的前一边，而如今 40 多岁的父母则站在变革的后一边）”及划线句后句uIfs not
6、 something easily acplished by parents these days, because life is more difficult to understand or deal with, but sharing interests does make it more fun to be a parent now.（这对现在的父母来说不是一件容易的事，因为生活 更难理解或处理，但分享兴趣确实让为人父母变得更有趣）”可猜测，如今的父母可以跟上 变化的趋势，能够应时代的变化而采取一种和孩子交流的方式。故选B项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的 “My par
7、ents were on the 6before, side of that change, but todays parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the 6after9 side/ explains Mr. Ballmer.（鲍尔默解释说：“我的父母站在变革的前一边，而如今40多岁的父母则站在变革的后一边）”及全 文可知，文章主要是关于对父母与孩子之间关系的发展的讨论。故选D项。CLosing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia
8、（痴 呆症）increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably neednt worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.After age 50, its quite mon to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffher of
9、 Brigham and Womens Hospital in Boston.The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect munication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be re
10、duced as blood vessels narrow.Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or dont remember even seeing it, thats far more concerning, Daffner says.When you forget entire experiences, he says, thafs “a red flag t
11、hat something more serious may be involved.Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend youve visited many times before can also be signs ofsomething going wrong.But even then, Daffher says, people shouldnt panic. There are ma
12、ny things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications like antidepressants.You dont have to figure this out on your own. Daffher suggests going to your doctor to chec
13、k on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defence against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brains cognitive （认知的） reserve, Daffner says.“Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in
14、 novel ways J he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain promotion.28. Why does the author say that one neednt be concerned about memory slips?A. All of them are just age-related.B. They exist among fifty-year-olds.C.
15、Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.D. They occur only among certain groups of people.29. What happens as we bee aged according to the passage?A. Our interaction skills worsen.B. Our whole brain starts shrinking.C. Most parts of our brain stop functioning.D. munication within our brain weakens.
16、30. What is Dr. Daffher advice for fighting against memory loss?A. Having regular physical checkups.B. Turning to a professional for assistance.C. Staying active both physically and mentally.D. Taking medicine that helps promote ones brain.【答案】28.C29. D 30. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了年老失忆和痴呆的区别，并且提出如何对抗失
17、忆的建 议。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.”（痴呆症的迹象和与年龄有关的记忆丧失之间有相当明显的区别） 和第二段 u After age 50, its quite mon to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffher of Brigham and Women
18、s Hospital in Boston. （波士顿 布里格姆妇女医院的柯克达夫纳医生说，50岁以后，很难快速记住人名、地名和事物的名 字是很常见的）可知，并不是所有的失忆都是痴呆症的症状，所以不用太担心，故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect munication between different regio
19、ns of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.?（某些部位会萎 缩，尤其是大脑中对学习、记忆和计划很重要的区域。脑细胞的变化会影响大脑不同区域之 间的沟通。随着血管变窄，血液流动会减少）可知，当我们变老时，我们大脑内部的交流能 力减弱，故选D。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中 “Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways/5 he says.
20、v （他说：“读书、看电影、培养新的爱好或参 加新的活动，这些都会迫使你以新颖的方式思考。”）可知，达芙纳医生对对抗失忆的建议 是在身体和精神上都保持活跃，故选C。【点睛】第二节：（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。Shyness is normal and it is not considered as a mental problem. All people have been shy at one time or another. Even the most confident people experi
21、enced being shy. 31.You probably are wondering why you are shy. It may be because of the environment you were used to or the way you were brought up. Certain events or incidents in the past may also lead to the reason why you are shy now. 32 Most shy people have shy parents and relatives and it is n
22、ot surprising to find out that they too have bee shy persons.One of the negative sides of being shy is having the tendency to be passive. Most of the time shy people cant stand up for themselves and what they believe is right. 33This apparentlyinfluences their social life as well as work, family and
23、 other aspects of their life.While shyness has negative aspects, it has positive sides. Shy people are usually good observers and do not get themselves into too much trouble because they try to observe their environment or any situation before they act. 34 They can also make great friends. Since the
24、y have difficulties in social scenes, making friends seems to be a must. Therefore, they value their friends wholeheartedly and have proven to be loyal and thoughtful friends.35 Some of them born with shy parents have successfully battled against being shy. This contributes to their constant self-im
25、provement, developing self-esteem and trying to be exposed to new environments.A. But in most cases, shyness proves to be genetic.B. They are sensitive and accustomed to getting suspicious.C. Because some people are born to be shy, they let it go hang.D. So if youre feeling shy, dont worry because y
26、ou are not alone.E. They are not hot-headed and think twice before making any decisions.F. Although shyness is something from birth, it can be improved over time.G. They avoid crowds by nature and stay away from groups and social interactions.【答案】3LD 32. A 33. G 34. E 35. F【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章分析了人们会害羞的
27、原因、介绍了害羞的弊端和益处以及害羞 是可以慢慢克服的这一事实。【31题详解】第一段是全文的开篇,前三句话 “Shyness is normal and it is not considered as a mental problem. All people have been shy at one time or another. Even the most confident people experienced being shy.（害羞是正常的，它不被认为是一种精神问题。所有的人都曾有过害羞 的时候。即使是最自信的人也会感到害羞）”讲到害羞是正常现象，所有人，包括最自信的 人，者B 曾
28、害羞过，D 项 “ So if youre feeling shy, dont worry because you are not alone.（所以, 如果你感到害羞，不要担心，因为你不是一个人）”是本段的结论，正因为人人都会害羞， 所以不用担心，与上文构成因果关系。故选D项。【32题详解】上文 “It may be because of the environment you were used to or the way you were brought up. Certain events or incidents in the past may also lead to the re
29、ason why you are shy now.（这可能是 因为你所习惯的环境或者你被抚养长大的方式。过去的某些事情或事件也可能是导致你现在 害羞的原因）”讲感到害羞可能与成长环境和特定事件等外部因素有关，而下文“Most shy people have shy parents and relatives and it is not surprising to find out that they too have bee shy persons.（大多数害羞的人都有害羞的父母和亲戚，所以不难发现他们也成了害羞的人）”讲害 羞可能来自父母亲戚的遗传、基因，是内部因素，上下文之间有转折对比关系
30、，A项“But in most cases, shyness proves to be genetic.（但在大多数情况下，害羞是遗传的）”起到承上启 下的作用。故选A项。【33题详解】根据下文 “This apparently influences their social life as well as work, family and other aspects of their life.（这显然影响了他们的社会生活以及工作、家庭和生活的其他方面）”中指示代词 this可知，上文中应出现其指代内容，而且该内容会影响到人们的社会生活以及工作、家庭 和生活的其他方面，G 项 “They a
31、void crowds by nature and stay away from groups and social interactions.（他们天生避开人群，远离群体和社会交往）”中所描述害羞的人会“避开人群， 远离群体和社会交往”这一行为，会对人们的方方面面造成极大的影响，正是下文代词this 指代的对象，与下文构成逻辑上的顺承关系。故选G项。【34题详解】根据段首中心句 “While shyness has negative aspects, it has positive sides.（虽然害羞有消极的 方面，但它也有积极的方面）”可知，本段主要介绍“害羞”的积极意义，E项They
32、 are not hot-headed and think twice before making any decisions他们不会头脑发热，在做任何决定之 前都会再三考虑）”讲害羞的人做事情会深思熟虑，这是对中心句中positive sides的举例 说明，同时，与其上文和下文构成并列关系，都是对中心句的举例说明。故选E项。【35题详解】根据下文 “Some of them born with shy parents have successfully battled against being shy. This contributes to their constant self-im
33、provement, developing self-esteem and trying to be exposed to new environments.（一些人出生时父母就很害羞，但他们成功地战胜了害羞。这有助于他们不 断自我完善，发展自尊，尝试接触新环境）”可知，本段主要讲了害羞是可以战胜，F项Although shyness is something from birth, it can be improved over time.（虽然害羞是与生俱来 的，但它可以随着时间的推移而改善）”讲害羞可以改善，作为段首中心句，是对全段内容 的准确概括，且句中 “it can be impr
34、oved ”与下文 “their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem,相照应。故选 F 项。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Jinghong is a city in Southwest Chinas Yunnan Province. The city will soon open a food source 36 especially develope
35、d for Asian elephants, in an effort to reduce 37 between humans and the animal.The project. with investment of 1 million yuan （$154,686）,38 in December and waspleted in May. The base, which 39 three townships across 67 hectares, has grown some of the elephants9 favorite 40 including 38.000 musa basj
36、oo trees, a species of banana. Construction workers also built several ponds and 412 metric tons of salt to meet theelephants, mineral 42.“The project is meant to improve the quality of Asian elephants9 habitat, enrich their food sources and provide them with more to 43 said Cha Wei, an official fio
37、m the bureau, “After the 44 of the project, elephants will be able to eat in the food source base, which can stop them from foraging （觅食）in 45 and damaging farmers9 crops. Obviously, the increasing number of Asian elephants is closely linked to the growing awareness of people to protect 46Cha explai
38、ned that elephants are very 47 and understanding of each other. When their population reaches a certain number, a herd will 48 to reduce crowding and49interbreeding （异种交配）.The elephants9 trek （长途跋涉）earlier this year also50the rising number of herds“ Cha said, 51 a herd of 15 elephants that52 their h
39、abitat in Xishuangbanna and started migrating （迁徙）north in March last year, with their 53 attracting global attention.54 ongoing wildlife protection efforts, the number of wild Asian elephants in the province has increased from 170 in 1980 to 300 today. Jinghong is home to about 185 elephants, and t
40、heir habitat 55 into about 350,000 hectares.36. A. projectB.baseC.factoryD.pany37. A. contact cooperationB.barriersC.conflictsD.38. A. kicking off offB.taking upC.setting outD.putting39. A. witnessesB.costsC.benefitsD.covers40. A. flowersB.vegetablesC.plantsD.fruits41. A. reducedB.addedC.raisedD.bro
41、ught42. A. needsB.preferencesC.wishesD.habits43. A. learnB.playC.sleepD.catch44. A. pletionB.startC.launchD.point45. A. citiesB.townsC.villagesD.counties46. A. forestsB.wildlifeC.natureD.crops47. A. activesensitiveB.intelligentC.lovelyD.48. A. uniteB.gatherC.dieD.divide49. A. startB.avoidC.selectD.d
42、eserve50. A. results fromcontributes toB.heads forC.brings aboutD.51. A. pointing out intoB.showing offC.referring toD.looking52. A. enteredB.spoiledC.leftD.forgot53. A. journeyB.mindC.dietD.purpose54. A. As forfromB.According toC.Due toD.Apart55. A. breaksB.expandsC.fallsD.goes【答案】36.B37. C 38. A 3
43、9. D 40. C 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. C 53. A 54.C 55. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了为了增加野生象的数量，云南省景洪市建立了野生象基地。【36题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：为了减少人和动物之间的冲突，这个城市将很快开放一个专门为亚洲 象开发的食物来源的基地。A. project项目；B. base基础、基地；C. factory工厂；D. pany 公司。根据后文“The base, which 4 three townships across
44、67 hectares,“可知，此处指的是基地，故选B。【37题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：为了减少人和动物之间的冲突，这个城市将很快开放一个专门为亚洲 象开发的食物来源的基地。A. contact联系；B. barriers障碍；C. conflicts矛盾；D. cooperation 合作。根据“between humans and the animal”（人类和动物之间）可知，此处指的是减少人类 和动物之间的矛盾，故选C。【38题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：该项目投资100万元（154,686美元），于12月启动，并于5月完 工。A. kicking off 开始；B. taking
45、up 占用；C. setting out 出发；D. putting off 推迟。根据in December and was pleted in May”可知，该项目始于12月，完成与5月，故选A。【39题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：该基地占地67公顷，包括三个乡镇，种植了一些大象最喜欢的植物， 包括3.8万棵芭蕉树，这是一种香蕉。A. witnesses目击；B.costs花费；C.benefits受益； D. covers 包括。根据“three townships across 67 hectares”（三个镇占地 67 公顷）可知，此次 指的是基地包括三个镇，故选D。【40题详解】考查
46、名词辨析。句意：该基地占地67公顷，包括三个乡镇，种植了一些大象最喜欢的植物， 包括3.8万棵芭蕉树，这是一种香蕉。A. flowers花；B. vegetables蔬菜；C.plants植物；D. fruits 水果。根据including 38.000 musa basjoo trees, a species of banana”可知，基地里种植的 是芭蕉树一大象最喜欢的植物，故选C。41题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：建筑工人还建造了几个池塘，并添加了 2吨盐来满足大象的矿物质需 求。A. reduced 下降；B. added 增加；C. raised 上升；D. brought 带来。根
47、据2 metric tons of salt”（2吨盐）可知，工人们在池塘里添了两吨盐，故选B。【42题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：建筑工人还建造了几个池塘，并添加了 2吨盐来满足大象的矿物质需 求。A. needs 需要；B. preferences 偏爱；C. wishes 愿望；D. habits 习惯。根据to meet the elephants，minera可知，为了满足大象对矿物质的需要，故选A。【43题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：该项目旨在改善亚洲象栖息地的质量，丰富它们的食物来源，并为它 们提供更多的东西来玩耍。A. learn学习；B. play玩耍；C.sleep睡觉；D.catch捕捉。根据 improve the quality of Asian elephants9 habitat, enrich their food sources and provide them with more to”可知，此处说的是基地给大象带来的好处，结合常识可知，大象喜欢玩耍，故选B。 【44题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：”项目完成后，大象将能够在食物来源基地进食，这可以阻止它们在 村庄觅食,破坏农民的作物。A. pletion结束;B.start开始;C.launch发射;D. point观点。 根据eleph