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1、2022学年第一学期期中杭州地区（含周边）重点中学高二年级英语学科试题考生须知：1.本卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟；2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并 填涂相应数字。3,所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效;4.考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。第I卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节：（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the
2、 man want to do?A. Eat out.B. Cook dinner himself.C. Have home-made food2. How does the woman suggest the man go home?A. By bus.B. By taxi.C. By car.3. What does the woman think of her new roommate?A. Careless.B. Thoughtful.C. Noisy.4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a hos
3、pital.B. At home.C. In a supermarket.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Insurance.B. The womans job的娃娃庆祝生日，看不到孩子，亲眼目睹了这一进展。）”可知，“美国女孩”只是面对成 年人售出玩具的开始阶段，也就是说，还会有更多针对成年人售出玩具的机会。故选D。11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段Toy executives and analysts see this moment differently than other periods of nostalgia-
4、based buying. Instead of storing toys unopened on a shelf, adults are actively engaging with the dolls, stuffed animals and toy weapons many had previously put away after childhood. There is also broader social acceptance of kidult preferences, they say. A 2021 survey of 2,000 adults by the U.S. Toy
5、 Association found that more than 50% of adults bought toys and games for their own use.（玩具业高管和分析师认为，这一时刻与以往基于怀旧的购 买时期不同。成年人不再把未开封的玩具放在架子上，而是积极地玩起了娃娃、填充动物 玩具和玩具武器，许多人在童年后就把它们收起来了。他们说，社会对儿童偏好的接受程 度也在提高。2021年，美国玩具协会对2000名成年人进行的一项调查发现，超过50%的 成年人购买玩具和游戏供自己使用。）”可知，文章主要介绍了成年人开始为了自己内心的 童真而购买玩具。所以“The busin
6、ess of selling toys to your inner child.（玩具销售业务触及你 的“童真”）”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。DIt seems no one can really agree on the question of “Whats so funny? So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh. But thafs exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to design an AI that ta
7、kes its cues through a shared laughter system. The scientists describe their innovative approach to building a funny bone for the Japanese android Erica in the latest issue of the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AL“We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy（移情，共 鸣
8、），explained lead author Dr Koji Inoue, an assistant professor at Kyoto University in the Department of Intelligence Science and Technology within the Graduate School of Informatics. “One way a robot can empathize with users is to share their laughter/9In the shared-laughter model, a human initially
9、laughs and the Al system responds with laughter as an empathetic response. This approach required designing three subsystems-one to detect laughter, a second to decide whether to laugh, and a third to choose the type of appropriate laughter. The type of laughter is also important, because in some ca
10、ses a polite chuckle may be more appropriate than a loud snort of laughter.The team tested Ericas new sense of humor by creating four different short dialogues between a person and Erica with her new shared laughter system. Then they asked more than 130 people in total to listen to each dialogue wit
11、hin the three different conditions- shared-laughter system, no laughter, all laughter- and evaluated the interactions based on human-likeness, naturalness and understanding. The shared-laughter system performed better than either baseline.“Robots should actually have a distinct character, and we thi
12、nk that they can show this through their conversational behaviors, such as laughing, eye gaze, gestures and speaking style JInoue added. We do not think this is an easy problem at all, and it may well take more than 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a casual chat with a robot like we would w
13、ith a friend.12. Whafs the purpose of raising the question “Whats so fimny“ at the beginning? A. To show opinions on funny things.B. To encourage readers to share their ideas.C. To stress the difficulty of teaching a robot to laugh.D. To emphasize the importance of being funny.13. Which of the follo
14、wing explains the underlined phrase the funny bone, in paragraph 1?A. The sense of humorB. The shared-laughter systemC. The speaking styleD. The distinct character14. What is NOT needed in the research of the shared-laughter system?A. Designing the subsystem to decide whether to laugh.B. Assessing t
15、he interactions based on emotions.C. Creating brief conversations between a human and Erica.D. Asking people to listen to the previously created dialogues. 15 What is Inoues attitude towards conversational AI?A. IndifferentB. SuspiciousC. OptimisticD. Objective【答案】12.C13.A14. B 15. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文
16、。文章主要介绍日本京都大学的研究人员设计了一种共享笑声的 人工智能系统，可以对人类的笑声做出适当的反应，以便在对话中建立同理心。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段 “It seems no one can really agree on the question of Whats so funny?, So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh. But thafs exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to design an
17、AI that takes its cues through a shared laughter system.（似乎没有人能在“什么事这么好笑？”这个问题上达成一致意见。想 象一下，你要教一个机器人如何笑。但这正是日本京都大学的一组研究人员正在试图设计 的一种人工智能，它可以通过共享笑声系统获取线索。）”可推断，在一开始就提出“什么 事这么好笑”这个问题的目的是强调教机器人笑的难度。故选C。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前句 So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh. But that9s exactly what a team o
18、f researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to design an AI that takes its cues through a shared laughter system.（想象一下,你要教一个机器人如何笑。但这 正是日本京都大学的一组研究人员正在试图设计的一种人工智能，它可以通过共享笑声系 统获取线索。）”可知，日本科学家用创新方法为日本机器人“爱丽卡”制造幽默感。所以 the funny bone为“幽默感”之意。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 “This approach required desig
19、ning three subsystems-one to detect laughter, a second to decide whether to laugh, and a third to choose the type of appropriate laughter. The type of laughter is also important, because in some cases a polite chuckle may be more appropriate than a loud snort of laughter.（这种方法需要设计三个子系统个检测笑声，第二个决定是否要
20、笑，第三个选择合适的笑声类型。笑的类型也很重要，因为在某些 情况下，礼貌的轻笑可能比大声的哼声大笑更合适。）”和第四段“The team tested Ericas new sense of humor by creating four different short dialogues between a person and Erica with her new shared-laughter system. Then they asked more than 130 people in total to listen to each dialogue within the three d
21、ifferent conditions- shared-laughter system, no laughter, all laughter- and evaluated the interactions based on human-likeness, naturalness and understanding.（研究小 组用艾丽卡新的分享笑声系统，在一个人和她之间创造了四段不同的简短对话，以此来测 试她的新幽默感。然后，他们让13。多人在三种不同的条件下（分享笑声、无笑声、全笑 声）听每段对话，并根据与人的相似度、自然度和理解力来评估这些互动。）”可知，共享 笑系统的研究不需要基于情绪评估
22、互动。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Robots should actually have a distinct character, and we think that they can show this through their conversational behaviors, such as laughing, eye gaze, gestures and speaking style/9 Inoue added. We do not think this is an easy problem at all, and it may well take more t
23、han 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.（井上补充说：“机器人实际上应该具有鲜明的性格，我们认为它们 可以通过对话行为表现出这一点，比如大笑、眼神凝视、手势和说话风格。”“我们不认 为这是一个简单的问题，很可能需要10到20年以上的时间，我们才能最终与机器人像与 朋友一样随意聊天。可推断，井上对对话AI的态度是客观的。故选D。第二节：（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
24、选项中有两项为多余选项。Do you ever feel like you are not the person other people think you are? Learning to be comfortable in your skin can be difficult, and you may imagine yourself as a different person entirely. Reinvent yourself. 16 Before you can understand who you want to be, it is crucial to know what m
25、akes you stand out. 17 Learning what makes you different is an important part of self-discovery. Everybody has special gifts and talents. By listing positive qualities, you separate yourself from the potentially negative influence and pressure of those around you.Discover what is holding you back. F
26、ears, anxieties, insecurities and self-criticism can prevent you from changing yourself for the better. 18 Every time you feel a burst of fear or self-doubt, stop yourself and ask “why do I feel this way? Once you know why you are nervous, you can take steps to overcome those insecurities and obstac
27、les.Write down your goals. Before you can become who you want to be, you have to realize who this new person is. Record all of your desires and goals. Each goal should be realistic and positive while focusing on yourself.19 If youve never played golf before, it might notbe realistic that you will be
28、come a famous golfer, but it may be realistic that you can learn how to play. Positive means that the goals are good things that will happen to you. Remove any negativity from your dream list.Find an adviser. Perhaps you are struggling in a new career or you want to make a difference in your communi
29、ty. Ask an experienced person in that area to guide you. Meet once a week or month to discuss your goals. Your adviser will share the struggles that he faced getting to the point where he is now. 20 A. Figure out your potential.B. Identify what makes you unique.C. The goal should be about yourself,
30、not other people.D. Realistic means that the dream is reasonable and can be achieved.E. Such self-destructive thoughts stop you before your reinventing yourself.F. He can offer you tips on your hurdles and help you realize your potential.G. Impossible as it seems, you can become the person you alway
31、s wanted to be.【答案】16.G17. B 18. E 19. D 20. F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有时候人很难学会自在地面对自己，并就如何 才能自己想成为的人给出一定的建议。【16题详解】根据上文 uLearning to be comfortable in your skin can be difficult, and you may imagine yourself as a different person entirely. Reinvent yourself.（学会自在地面对自己可能很困难，你可能会把 自己想象成一个完全不同的人。彻底改造自己
32、）”可知，上文提到人很难面对真实的自我， 但是是可以改造自己的。选项 G u Impossible as it seems, you can become the person you always wanted to be.（虽然看起来不可能，但你可以成为你一直想成为的人）”承上启下，承接上文 表明你可以成为自己想成为的人，同时引出下文的建议，符合句意。故选G。【17题详解】根据下文 u Learning what makes you different is an important part of self-discovery.（了解是什 么让你与众不同是自我发现的重要组成部分）”可知，
33、空处指的是要找到自己与众不同的地 方。选项B “Identify what makes you unique.（找出你的独特之处）”与下文内容一致。故选 Bo【18题详解】根据空前 uFears, anxieties, insecurities and self-criticism can prevent you from changing yourself for the better.（恐惧、焦虑、不安和自我批评会阻止你向更好的方向改变自己）”可 知，这些都是阻碍个人成长的绊脚石。选项E “Such self-destructive thoughts stop you before you
34、r reinventing yourself.（在你重塑自我之前，这种自我毁灭的想法会阻止你）”与上文内容 一致。故选E。【19题详解】根据空前 “Each goal should be realistic and positive while focusing on yourself.（每个目标者B应 该是现实和积极的，同时关注自己）”可知，目标应该是现实的，可实现的。再根据空后“If youve never played golf before, it might not be realistic that you will become a famous golfer, but it m
35、ay be realistic that you can learn how to play. Positive means that the goals are good things that will happen to you.（如果你以前从未打过高尔夫球，你成为一个著名的高尔 夫球手可能是不现实的，但你可以学习如何打高尔夫球可能是现实的。积极的意思是目标 是会发生在你身上的好事）”可知，作者认为目标应该是根据自身实际情况制定的可实现 的。选项 D uRealistic means that the dream is reasonable and can be achieved.（现实
36、的意思是 梦想是合理的，可以实现的）”符合上下文内容。故选D。【20题详解】根据上文内容 “ Perhaps you are struggling in a new career or you want to make a difference in your community. Ask an experienced person in that area to guide you. Meet once a week or month to discuss your goals. Your adviser will share the struggles that he faced gett
37、ing to the point where he is now.（也许你正在一份新的职业中狰扎，或者你想在你的社区中有所作为。请在这方面 有经验的人来指导你。每周或每月见面一次，讨论你的目标。你的顾问会和你分享他达到 现在的成就所面临的困难）”可知，本段主要内容是找一个顾问，和他分析你目前的情况， 这样才能更好地实现目标，早日成为自己想成为的人。选项F He can offer you tips on your hurdles and help you realize your potential.（他可以在你遇到困难时提供建议，帮助你实 现自己的潜力）”仍然提到的是这个顾问可以给你的帮助，
38、与上文内容一致。故选F。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节：完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。A photo, shot in the Luding earthquake, soon went viral（迅速传播）. In the photo, a 20-year-old firefighter, Zhang Zili, was 21 holding a 2-month-oId baby,22 the heartsof people. People noui
39、ced the word “Wenchuan“ on Zhangs left armband. Zhang, born in 2002 in a county neighboring Wenchuan, was hence lovingly referred to as Wenchuan Brother”.On May 12,2008, Zhang was attending a 23 class when the magnitude-8.0 earthquake struck. He and his classmates were crying on the playground, not
40、24 what was going on. 25 the Peoples Liberation Army came to their rescue. He26 how emergency supplies were air-dropped from helicopters and how PLA soldiers built 27 and offered instant noodles to locals. One 28 even hugged and comforted Zhang, saying Dont be 29 .we are here now”. The words left a
41、deep impression on Zhang.This year when the Wenchuan brigade（消防队）was 30 firefighters, he did not hesitate to join, hoping to save people just like the PLA soldiers. In less than four months, he has taken part in several forest firefighting 31 and rescue operations. By Thursday,Zhangs brigade had urg
42、ently 32 two rescue channels in the babys village to transport the villagers.Actually, many Wenchuan Brothers have participated in the search and rescue operations for the Luding earthquake. Of the 74 people from the Wenchuan brigade, many are 33 from Wenchuan. With an average age of 27, they 34 the
43、 Wenchuanearthquake and want to help people facing 35 difficulties.21. A. firmly22. A. touching23. A. Chinese24. A. wondering25. A. Long before consequence26. A. acknowledged commented27. A. tents28. A. classmate29. A. hesitant30. A. training31. A. scenes32. A. set up33. A. volunteers34. A. understo
44、od remembered35. A. particular increasingB. relaxinglyB. breakingB. sportsB. doubtingB. Shortly afterwardsB. indicatedB. bridgesB. teacherB. afraidB. organizingB. missionsB. made upB. membersB. imaginedB. endlessC. eagerlyC. openingC. mathsC. expectingC. To their surpriseC. recalledC. roadsC. parent
45、C.angryC. recruitingC. proceduresC. built upC. immigrantsC. experiencedC. similarD. tenderlyD. freezingD. musicD. knowingD. As aD.D. housesD. soldierD. shyD. callingD. routinesD. taken upD. localsD.D.【答案】2LD22. A 23. B24. D25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇
46、记叙文。文章主要讲述“汶川哥哥”张自立：6岁经历地震，长大后当 上消防员。在泸定地震救援中，他抱着一名婴儿转移的照片感动网友。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：照片中，20岁的消防员张自立温柔地抱着一个2个月大的婴 儿,感动了人们的心。A. firmly坚定地;B.relaxingly轻松地；C.eagerly渴望地;D. tenderly温柔地。根据“holding a 2-month-old baby,”可知，因为抱着的是一个2个月大的 婴儿，所以是轻轻地，温柔地抱着。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：照片中，20岁的消防员张自立温柔地抱着一个2个月大的婴 儿，感动了人们的
47、心。A. touching感动;B.breaking打破;C.opening打开;D. freezing冻 结。根据 A photo, shot in the Lading earthquake, soon went viral（迅速传播）和 “the hearts of people可知，照片能够迅速走红，是因为这张照片感动了人们的心。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2008年5月12日，当里氏8.0级地震发生时，张正在上体育 课。A. Chinese 语文；B. sports 体育;C.maths 数学;D. music 音乐。根据 Heandhis classmates w
48、ere crying on the playground, not 4 what was going on. ” 可知， 地震时在操场上，所以推断当时正在上体育课。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和他的同学在操场上哭，不知道发生了什么。A. wondering 想知道;B. doubting 怀疑；C. expecting 期望；D. knowing 知道。根据 “He and his classmates were crying on the playground,可知，哭的原因是不知道发生了什么。故选D。【25题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：不久之后，中国人民解放军前来救援。A. Long before很近以 前；B. Shortly afterwards 此后不久；C. To their surprise 令他们失望的是；D. As a consequence 结果。根据the Peoples Liberation Army came to their rescue.,可知，这里指 地震不久之后，军队救援来了。故