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1、2022届浙江省杭州地区（含周边）重点中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题第一局部：听力（共两节，总分值30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷 上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节共5小题，每题分，总分值分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman need to do today?A. Attend a competition.B. Re
2、cite a composition.C. Collect some material.【答案】c【解析】【原文】M: It seems youre very busy today.W: Yes. I want to take part in a writing competition next week. I need to write a composition of about 1,000 words. But before writing I need to search for a lot of material.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the we
3、ather probably like now?A. Hot.B. Cold.C. Warm.【答案】B【解析】原文】W: Ted, I heard youre ill. Why are you outdoors standing in the wind?M: You must have heard it wrong. It?s my brother Tim who has a fever. I work out while he doesnt, you know.W: I see. But dont you think you wear too little on such a day?3
4、.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When will the man leave for Sweden?A. Today.【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中的 “But family experts warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents但家庭专家警告说，这种新的平衡也会导致人们对父母的尊重减少） 可知，如今亲子关系之间出现的变化是父母与孩子之间新的平衡。应选C项。【26题详解】句意猜测题。根据划线句My parents were on the before side of that
5、change, but todays parents, the 40-year-olds、were on the after side.（我的父母站在变革的，前，一边，而如今 40 多岁的父母那么站在变革的后一边）及划线句后句Ifs not something easily accomplished by parents these days, because life is more difficult to understand or deal with, but sharing interests does make it more fun to be a parent now.（这对现
6、在的父母来说不是一件容易 的事，因为生活更难理解或处理，但分享兴趣确实让为人父母变得更有趣）可猜测，如今 的父母可以跟上变化的趋势，能够应时代的变化而采取一种和孩子交流的方式。应选B项。 【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的 “My parents were on the before9 side of that change, but todays parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the after side. explains Mr. Ballmer.（鲍尔默解释说： “我的父母站在变革的前一边，而如今40多岁的父母那么站在变革的后一边）及全文可
7、知，文章主要是关于对父母与孩子之间关系的开展的讨论。应选D项。CLosing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia （痴 呆症）increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably neednt worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.After ag
8、e 50, its quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Womens Hospital in Boston.The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory
9、and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or dont rem
10、ember even seeing it, thafs far more concerning, Daffner says.When you forget entire experiences, he says, thafs “a red flag that something more serious may be involved.，z Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend youve vis
11、ited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.But even then, Daffner says, people shouldnt panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as we
12、ll as medications like antidepressants.You dont have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defence against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your br
13、ains cognitive （认知的） reserve, Daffner says.“Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways,“ he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain promotion.28. Why does the auth
14、or say that one neednt be concerned about memory slips?A. All of them are just age-related.B. They exist among fifty-year-olds.C. Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.D. They occur only among certain groups of people.29. What happens as we become aged according to the passage?A. Our interaction
15、skills worsen.B. Our whole brain starts shrinking.C. Most parts of our brain stop functioning.D. Communication within our brain weakens.30. What is Dr. Daffiiers advice for fighting against memory loss?A. Having regular physical checkups.B. Turning to a professional for assistance.C. Staying active
16、both physically and mentally.D. Taking medicine that helps promote ones brain.【答案】28. C 29. D 30. C【解析】【分析这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了年老失忆和痴呆的区别，并且提出如何对抗失忆的建 议。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss/7 1痴呆症的迹象和与年龄有关的记忆丧失之间有相当明显的区另ij） 和第二段 u Afte
17、r age 50, its quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffher of Brigham and Womens Hospital in Boston.波土顿布里格姆妇女医院的柯克达夫纳医生说，50岁以后，很难快速记住人名、地名和 事物的名字是很常见的）可知，并不是所有的失忆都是痴呆症的病症，所以不用太担忧，应 选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Certain parts shrink, especiall
18、y areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.,z 某些部 位会萎缩，尤其是大脑中对学习、记忆和方案很重要的区域。脑细胞的变化会影响大脑不同 区域之间的沟通。随着血管变窄，血液流动会减少）可知，当我们变老时，我们大
19、脑内部的 交流能力减弱，应选D。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中 “Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways/ he says/,他说：“读书、看电影、培养新的爱好或参 加新的活动，这些都会迫使你以新颖的方式思考。“）可知，达芙纳医生对对抗失忆的建议 是在身体和精神上都保持活泼，应选C。【点睛】第二节：（共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。Shyne
20、ss is normal and it is not considered as a mental problem. All people have been shy at one time or another. Even the most confident people experienced being shy. 31.You probably are wondering why you are shy. It may be because of the environment you were used to or the way you were brought up. Certa
21、in events or incidents in the past may also lead to the reason why you are shy now. 32 Most shy people have shy parents and relatives and it is not surprising to find out that they too have become shy persons.One of the negative sides of being shy is having the tendency to be passive. Most of the ti
22、me shy people cant stand up for themselves and what they believe is right. 33This apparentlyinfluences their social life as well as work, family and other aspects of their life.While shyness has negative aspects, it has positive sides. Shy people are usually good observers and do not get themselves
23、into too much trouble because they try to observe their environment or any situation before they act. 34 They can also make great friends. Since they have difficulties in social scenes, making friends seems to be a must. Therefore, they value their friends wholeheartedly and have proven to be loyal
24、and thoughtful friends.35 Some of them born with shy parents have successfully battled against being shy. This contributes to their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem and trying to be exposed to new environments.A. But in most cases, shyness proves to be genetic.B. They are sensitive
25、and accustomed to getting suspicious.C. Because some people are born to be shy, they let it go hang.D. So if youre feeling shy, dont wony because you are not alone.E. They are not hot-headed and think twice before making any decisions.F. Although shyness is something from birth, it can be improved o
26、ver time.G. They avoid crowds by nature and stay away from groups and social interactions.【答案】31.D32. A 33. G 34. E 35. F【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章分析了人们会害羞的原因、介绍了害羞的弊端和益处以及害羞 是可以慢慢克服的这一事实。【31题详解】第一段是全文的开篇，前三句话 “Shyness is normal and it is not considered as a mental problem. All people have been shy at one ti
27、me or another. Even the most confident people experienced being shy.（害羞是正常的，它不被认为是一种精神问题。所有的人都曾有过害羞 的时候。即使是最自信的人也会感到害羞）讲到害羞是正常现象，所有人，包括最自信的 人，都曾害羞过，D 项 “So if youre feeling shy, dont worry because you are not alone.（所以， 如果你感到害羞，不要担忧，因为你不是一个人）是本段的结论，正因为人人都会害羞， 所以不用担忧，与上文构成因果关系。应选D项。【32题详解】上文 “It may
28、be because of the environment you were used to or the way you were brought up. Certain events or incidents in the past may also lead to the reason why you are shy now.（这可能是 因为你所习惯的环境或者你被抚养长大的方式。过去的某些事情或事件也可能是导致你现在 害羞的原因）讲感到害羞可能与成长环境和特定事件等外部因素有关，而下文“Most shy people have shy parents and relatives and
29、it is not surprising to find out that they too have become shy persons.（大多数害羞的人都有害羞的父母和亲戚，所以不难发现他们也成了害羞的人） 讲害羞可能来自父母亲戚的遗传、基因，是内部因素，上下文之间有转折比照关系，A项 “But in most cases, shyness proves to be genetic.（但在大多数情况下，害羞是遗传的）起到承上启下的作用。应选A项。【33题详解】根据下文“This apparently influences their social life as well as work
30、, family and other aspects of their life.（这显然影响了他们的社会生活以及工作、家庭和生活的其他方面）中指示代词 this可知，上文中应出现其指代内容，而且该内容会影响到人们的社会生活以及工作、家庭 和生活的其他方面，G 项 “They avoid crowds by nature and stay away from groups and social interactions.（他们天生避开人群，远离群体和社会交往）中所描述害羞的人会“避开人群， 远离群体和社会交往这一行为，会对人们的方方面面造成极大的影响，正是下文代词this 指代的对象，与下文构
31、成逻辑上的顺承关系。应选G项。【34题详解】根据段首中心句 “While shyness has negative aspects, it has positive sides.（虽然害羞有消极的 方面，但它也有积极的方面）可知，本段主要介绍“害羞的积极意义，E项They are not hot-headed and think twice before making any decisions4他们不会头脑发热，在做任何决定之 前都会再三考虑）讲害羞的人做事情会深思熟虑，这是对中心句中“positive sides”的举例 说明，同时，与其上文和下文构成并列关系，都是对中心句的举例说明。应选
32、E项。【35题详解】根据下文“Some of them born with shy parents have successfully battled against being shy. This contributes to their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem and trying to be exposed to new environments.（一些人出生时父母就很害羞，但他们成功地战胜了害羞。这有助于他们不 断自我完善，开展自尊，尝试接触新环境）可知，本段主要讲了害羞是可以战胜，F项 u Although
33、shyness is something from birth, it can be improved over time.（虽然害羞是与生俱来 的，但它可以随着时间的推移而改善）讲害羞可以改善，作为段首中心句，是对全段内容 的准确概括，且句中“it can be improved 与下文“their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem,z 相照应。应选 F项。第三局部：语言运用（共两节，总分值45分）.第一节：完形填空（共20小题：每题分，总分值30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入 空
34、白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Jinghong is a city in Southwest Chinas Yunnan Province. The city will soon open a food source 36 especially developed for Asian elephants, in an effort to reduce 37 between humans and the animal.The project, with investment of 1 million yuan ($154,686),38 in December and wascomp
35、leted in May. The base, which 39 three townships across 67 hectares, has grown some of the elephants9 favorite40 including 38.000 musa basjoo trees, a species ofbanana. Construction workers also built several ponds and 412 metric tons of salt to meetthe elephants9 mineral 42.“The project is meant to
36、 improve the quality of Asian elephants9 habitat, enrich their food sources and provide them with more to 43 said Cha Wei, an official from the bureau, “After the 44 of the project, elephants will be able to eat in the food source base, which can stop them from foraging觅食)in 45 and damaging fannersc
37、rops. Obviously, the increasing number of Asian elephants is closely linked to the growing awareness of people to protect 46Cha explained that elephants are very 47 and understanding of each other. When their population reaches a certain number, a herd will 48 to reduce crowding and49 interbreeding异
38、种交配）, “The elephants9 trek （长途跋涉）earlier this year also50 the rising number of herds“ Cha said, 51 a herd of 15 elephants that52 their habitat in Xishuangbanna and started migrating迁徙）north in March last year, with their 53 attracting global attention.54 ongoing wildlife protection efforts, the numb
39、er of wild Asian elephants in the province has increased from 170 in 1980 to 300 today. Jinghong is home to about 185 elephants, and53. A 54.their habitat55into about 350,000 hectares.36. A. project company37. A. contact cooperation38. A. kicking offB.baseC.factoryD.B.barriersC.conflictsD.B.taking u
40、pC.setting outD.puttingoff39. A. witnessesB. costsC. benefitsD. covers40. A. flowersB. vegetablesC. plantsD. fruits41. A. reducedB. addedC. raisedD. brought42. A. needsB. preferencesC. wishesD. habits43. A. learnB. playC. sleepD. catch44. A. completionB. startC. launchD. point45. A. citiesB. townsC.
41、 villagesD. counties46. A. forestsB. wildlifeC. natureD. crops47. A. activesensitive48. A. uniteB.intelligentC.lovelyD.B.gatherC.dieD.divide49. A. startB. avoidC. selectD. deserve50. A. results from contributes to51. A. pointing outB.heads forC.brings aboutD.B.showing offC.referring toD.lookinginto5
42、2. A. enteredB. spoiledC. leftD. forgot53. A. journeyB. mindC. dietD. purpose54. A. As forB. According toC. Due toD. Apartfrom55. A. breaksB. expandsC. fallsD. goes【答案】36. B 37. C38. A 39. D 40. C 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. A53. A 54.45. C 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. CC 55. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介
43、绍了为了增加野生象的数量，云南省景洪市建立了野生象基地。 【36题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：为了减少人和动物之间的冲突，这个城市将很快开放一个专门为亚洲 象开发的食物来源的基地。A. project工程；B. base根底、基地；C. factory工厂；D. company 公司 o 根据后文“The base, which 4 three townships across 67 hectares,“可知，此处指 的是基地，应选B。【37题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：为了减少人和动物之间的冲突，这个城市将很快开放一个专门为亚洲 象开发的食物来源的基地。A. contact联系；B. barri
44、ers障碍；C. conflicts矛盾；D. cooperation 合作。根据“between humans and the animal”人类和动物之间）可知，此处指的是减少人 类和动物之间的矛盾，应选C。【38题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：该工程投资100万元（154,686美元），于12月启动，并于5月完 工。A. kicking off 开始;B. taking up 占用；C. setting out 出发；D. putting off 推迟。根据“in December and was completed in May”可知，该工程始于12月，完成与5月,应选A。【39题详解
45、】考查动词辨析。句意：该基地占地67公顷，包括三个乡镇，种植了一些大象最喜欢的植物， 包括3.8万棵芭蕉树，这是一种香蕉。A. witnesses目击；B. costs花费；C. benefits受益； D. covers 包括。根据three townships across 67 hectares”三个镇占地 67 公顷）可知，此次 指的是基地包括三个镇，应选D。【40题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：该基地占地67公顷，包括三个乡镇，种植了一些大象最喜欢的植物， 包括3.8万棵芭蕉树，这是一种香蕉。A. flowers花；B.vegetables蔬菜；C.plants植物；D. fruits
46、水果。根据including 38.000 musa basjoo trees, a species of banana”可知,基地里种植 的是芭蕉树一大象最喜欢的植物，应选C。41题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：建筑工人还建造了几个池塘，并添加了 2吨盐来满足大象的矿物质需 求。A. reduced 下降；B. added 增加；C. raised 上升；D. brought 带来。根据2 metric tons of salt 2吨盐）可知，工人们在池塘里添了两吨盐，应选B。【42题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：建筑工人还建造了几个池塘，并添加了 2吨盐来满足大象的矿物质需 求。A. needs
47、需要；B. preferences 偏爱；C. wishes 愿望；D. habits 习惯。根据to meet the elephants，mineral可知，为了满足大象对矿物质的需要，应选A。【43题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：该工程旨在改善亚洲象栖息地的质量，丰富它们的食物来源，并为它 们提供更多的东西来玩耍。A. learn学习;B. play玩耍；C sleep睡觉；D. catch捕捉。根据 improve the quality of Asian elephants9 habitat, enrich their food sources and provide them with
48、 more to可知，此处说的是基地给大象带来的好处，结合常识可知，大象喜欢玩耍，应选B。【44题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：“工程完成后，大象将能够在食物来源基地进食，这可以阻止它们在 村庄觅食,破坏农民的作物。A. completion结束；B.start开始;C.launch发射；D. point 观点。根据“elephants will be able to eat in the food source base（大象将能够在食物来源基地 吃东西）可知，这是在基地完成之后，应选A。【45题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：“工程完成后，大象将能够在食物来源基地进食，这可以阻止它们在 村庄觅食，破坏农民的作物。 A. cities城市；B.towns城镇；C. villages乡村；D. counties 郡县。根据and damaging farmers9 crops”破坏农民的庄稼）可知，防止大象去村庄破坏 农民的庄稼，因此是在农村，应选C。【46题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：显然，亚洲象数量的增加与人们保护野生动物的意识密切相关。A. forests 森林;B. wi