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1、SectionSection D DUsingUsing LanguageLanguage()&AssessingAssessing YourYour ProgressProgress.知识体系图解 重点词汇 1.aerospacen.2.patrioticadj.3.aviationn.4.jetn.5.missilen.6.steadyadj.7.besidesprep.adv.8.furthermoreadv.9.shiftn.vt.航空航天工业爱国的航空制造业;航空;飞行喷气式飞机导弹稳定的;平稳的;稳步的除之外(还);而且此外此外;再者改变;转换;轮班转移;挪动;动转10.vivid
2、adj.11.n.机械师;机械修理工adj.机械的;发动机的;机器的12.vt.保卫;防守;辩解13.n.助理;助手14.n.领导;领导地位;领导才能15.vt.追溯;追踪;查出n.痕迹;遗迹;踪迹16.adj.优秀的;杰出的;明显的17.adj.有天赋的;有天才的;天资聪慧的18.adj.抽象的;理性的n.(文献等的)摘要生动的;鲜明的;丰富的mechanicmechanicaldefendassistantleadershiptraceoutstandinggiftedabstract19.n.概念;观念20.n.天文学21.n.望远镜22.adj.聪颖的;绝妙的;明亮的23.n.弱点;过
3、错conceptastronomytelescopebrilliantfault重点短语 1.(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始;爆发2.主管;掌管3.患(病);染上(小病)4.最重要的是;尤其是5.做出决定6.discouragesbfromdoingsth7.underonesleadership8.betracedbackto9.pointout10.benefitfrombreakoutinchargeofcomedownwithaboveallmakeadecision阻止某人做某事在的领导下追溯到指出从获益重点句式 Whenasked“CanweChinesepossiblyma
4、kemissiles?”,hisreplywasadetermined“Whynot.”.释义匹配1.assistantA.extremelygood2.outstandingB.achangeinpositionordirection3.giftedC.someonewhohelpssomeoneelsetodoajob4.faultD.havingspecialabilityinaparticularsubjectoractivity5.shiftE.amistake,especiallysomethingforwhichyouaretoblame答案:1.C2.A3.D4.E5.B.选词
5、填空1.Howcanweourhomelandifwedonthaveanarmy?2.Itisverydifficulttodefinetheofbeauty.3.Bytheageofseven,childrenarecapableofthinkingin_terms.4.Sheseemedtohaveacareeraheadofher.5.Hesoneofthosepeoplewithaveryimagination.vivid,defend,brilliant,concept,abstractdefendconceptabstractbrilliantvivid重点词汇重点句式文化意识高
6、分写作随堂练习1.However,aftertheSonghuBattlebrokeoutin1932,QianmadethedecisiontoswitchhismajortoaviationbecauseherealisedthatChinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectanddefendthecountry.然而,在1932年淞沪战役爆发后,钱学森做出了将自己的专业转向航空的决定,因为他意识到中国需要自己强大的空军来保护和保卫国家。【词汇精讲1】breakout(战争、打斗等不快的事情)突然开始;爆发IwasstilllivinginLondo
7、nwhenthewarbrokeout.战争爆发的时候我还住在伦敦。Aterriblefirebrokeoutinthebuildinglastnight.昨晚大楼里发生了大火。重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习【词汇拓展】breakdown出故障;失败;垮掉;分解breakin破门而入;打断(谈话等)breakinto强行闯入;突然起来breakawayfrom脱离;挣脱breakup打碎;分裂;解体breakthrough突破Theywerediscussingsomethingimportantwhenamanbrokein.他们正在谈论重要的事情,这时一名男子突然闯了进来。Sci
8、entistshopetobreakthroughsoonintheirfightagainstheartdisease.科学家希望在治疗心脏病方面很快能有所突破。重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习【温馨提示】breakin和breakinto都有“闯入”的意思。breakin为不及物动词短语,后不跟宾语;breakinto为及物动词短语,后可以跟宾语。重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习【词汇精讲2】defendvt.保卫;防御Thekillerinsistedthathewasjustdefendinghimselfwhenattacked
9、.凶手坚持说当受到攻击时他只是在进行自卫。Theunionsaidthattheywouldtakeactiontodefendtheirmembersjobs.工会说他们将采取行动维护会员的工作权益。重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习【词汇拓展】(1)defend.from/against保护免受;防御defendoneself为自己辩护;自卫(2)defencen.防御;保卫indefenceof为了保卫;为辩护Goddefendsmefrommyfriends;frommyenemyIcandefendmyself.谚语防友靠天,防敌靠己。Studentsshouldbetrain
10、edtodefendthemselvesagainst/fromsomeattacks.应该训练学生保护自己免遭一些攻击。重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习2.HereceivedaheroswelcomefromhishomelandandwasputinchargeofnotonlydevelopingChinasrocketsciencebutalsoitsspaceandmissileprogramme.他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎,不仅负责发展中国的火箭科学,而且负责中国的太空和导弹计划。【词汇精讲】inchargeof主管;掌管Offici
11、alsinchargeofthecampssaythesystemisnowrunningextremelysmoothly.负责这些营地的官员们说现在这一体系运转得非常顺利。Illbeinchargeofthewholefactorynextweekwhenthedirectorisaway.下周厂长不在时,我将负责整个工厂。重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习【词汇拓展】(1)takechargeof掌管/负责inthechargeof受的管理;由负责(2)freeofcharge=forfree免费(3)chargesbforsth为某物向某人收取费用chargesbwith(doi
12、ng)sth控告某人(做)某事Dr.Smithisassignedtotakechargeofthedepartment.史密斯医生受命分管这个部门。Willyoupleasetellmewhetheryouchargeforcheques?请告诉我兑换支票收手续费吗?【温馨提示】inchargeof多以人作主语,指“某人负责/主管某事”;inthechargeof多以物作主语,指“某物由某人掌管”。类似的还有:inpossessionof,inthepossessionof;incontrolof,inthecontrolof。重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习重点词汇重点句式文化意识
13、高分写作随堂练习3.StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousandgiftedscientistsinphysics.斯蒂芬霍金是物理学上最著名和最有天赋的科学家之一。【词汇精讲】giftedadj.有天赋的;有天才的;天资聪慧的Heisoneofthemostgiftedplayersintheworld.他是世界上最有天赋的运动员之一。Brownwaswitty,amusingandgiftedwithasharpbusinessbrain.布朗机智诙谐,天生具有敏锐的商业头脑。【词汇拓展】giftn.礼物;天赋haveagiftfor有的天赋Manyofth
14、emhaveagiftfordancingwithanimals.他们中的许多人拥有与兽共舞的天分。重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习4.Sincehecamedownwithadiseasewhichcausedhimtolosetheuseofmostofhismuscles,hisworldbecameoneofabstractthought.由于他得了一种疾病,使他失去了大部分肌肉的使用,他的世界变成了一个抽象的思想。【词汇精讲】comedownwith患(病);染上(小病)Thomascamedownwithchickenpoxatthe
15、weekend.托马斯在周末染上了水痘。Hemusthavecomedownwithabadcold,forhehasgotasorethroat.他一定是感冒了,因为他嗓子痛。重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习【词汇拓展】comeacross偶然遇到comeabout发生cometo恢复常态;共计;达到(某种状况)comeupwith提出(主语是人)comeup提出(主语是建议等)IcameacrossmyformerEnglishteacherinthestreetyesterday.我昨天在街上遇到了我以前的英语老师。Theheadmasterwantstoknowhowtheac
16、cidentcameabout.校长想知道事故是怎么发生的。重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习5.Aboveall,Hawkingwaswillingtoadmithisfaults.最重要的是,霍金愿意承认自己的错误。【词汇精讲】aboveall最重要的是;尤其Heishardworking,cheerful,andaboveallhonest.他勤奋、乐观,最重要的是诚实。OldMrSmithwasbelovedbyall,andaboveallbythechildren.史密斯老先生为众人所爱戴,尤其是受到孩子们的爱戴。重点词汇重点句式文化意
17、识高分写作随堂练习【词汇拓展】afterall毕竟;终究allinall整体说来;总而言之inall全部;合计atall(否定句)一点也不;(疑问句)到底;究竟Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschoolinall?你们学校总共有多少学生?Heisnotconcernedwiththedifficultiesofthefactoryatall.他对工厂的困难毫不关心。重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习Whenasked“CanweChinesepossiblymakemissiles?”,hisreplywasadeter
18、mined“Whynot.”当被问到“我们中国人能制造导弹吗?”他的回答是坚定的“为什么不能”【句式剖析】Whenasked.是省略句,省略了从句的主语和be动词,句子补全为:Whenhewasasked.。Wheninvitedtodinner,Iamoftenunsurewhethertobringapresent.当被邀请参加宴会时,我老是拿不准是否该带礼物。Whenaskedaboutherfutureaftertherace,guesshowCathyreplied?当比赛后被问及自己的未来时,你猜卡西是如何回答的?重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习【句式拓展】状语从句的主语和
19、主句的主语一致时,且从句谓语中含有be动词时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形:(1)连词+形容词As(hewas)young,helearnedhowtorideabike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryoullregret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。(2)连词+名词Although(hewas)afarmer,nowheisafamousdirector.尽管他曾是个农民,现在他是位著名的导演了。重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习(3)连词+动词-ing形式Although(heis)doinghisbestinm
20、athsthesedays,hehasstillgotnogoodmarks.尽管近来他一直在努力学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。(4)连词+过去分词Hewontgotherewithusunless(heis)invited.除非受到邀请,否则他不会和我们一起去那里。(5)连词+不定式Hestoodupasif(hewere)tosaysomething.他站起来好像要说什么。(6)连词+介词短语Shelookedanxiousasthough(shewas)introuble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习重
21、点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习HowtoCleanofftheManyGermsonYourPhoneYouhavebeentoldtowashyourhandsmanytimesadaytohelpstopthespreadofthenovelcoronavirus.Youhavebeentoldtoavoidtouchingyourface.But,youalsoshouldtrytokeepcleanthedevicethatyoumaybeusingnowmorethaneveryourphone.Scientificstudieshaveshownthatthevirusca
22、nlivefortwotothreedaysonmaterialslikeplasticandstainlesssteel.TheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionrecommendscleaningall“high-touch”surfaceseveryday.Theseincludethingswetouchandcomeintocontactwithalldaylong,likephones,keyboardsandcomputers.Herearesomethingsnottodowhendisinfecting(给消毒)yourphon
23、e:重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习Donotspraycleanersdirectlyonthephone.Donotputthephoneintoanycleaningliquids.Donotusedevicesthatuseforcedair,whichareoftenusedtocleancomputerkeyboards.Avoidrubbingyourphonewithroughmaterialsthatcouldmakesmallcutsonit.So,whatshouldyoudo?Startbyturningoffthephoneandunplugginganywi
24、res.Youwanttomakesureyourphoneisnotchargingwhenyoucleanit.Belowaresomesuggestedwaystocleanyourphone.Withanyofthesesuggestions,besurenottogetthephonewet.YoucanuseCloroxwipesorwipeswith70percentalcohol.Youcanbuytheseproductsatastoreandwipedownyourphone.重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习AT&Trecommendspushingoutanyli
25、quidfromdisinfectantwipesbeforeusingthemonaphone.Itsayspaperclothsworktoo.Youcanspraythemwithdisinfectantandthenusetheclothtocleanthephone.Again,donotspraythephoneitself.Youcanalsouseasoftfabrictocleanthephone.Someexamplesaremicrofibercleaningclothsoronesusedtocleancameralensesandeyeglasses.重点词汇重点句式
26、文化意识高分写作随堂练习Googlesuggestscleaningyourphonewithacloththathasbeenlightlycoveredinsoapandwater,aslongasyouarecarefulnottogetmoistureinthephone.Cleaningyourphoneisoneofmanymeasurespublichealthofficialsarerecommendingtotrytoslowthespreadofthenovelcoronavirus.Mostpatientshaveonlyminorormoderatesymptoms.H
27、owever,olderpeopleandthosewithexistinghealthconditionsaremorelikelytodevelopmoresevereillness.重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习你校学生会准备办一期英语墙报,介绍我国著名的科学家。请你根据下列提示写一篇英语短文。钱学森简介重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习参考词汇:航空学thescienceofAstronomy航天科技事业AnAindustry(AstronomyandAircraftindustry)“神童”asuper-talentedboy重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习一
28、、审题定调1.确定体裁:本次写作是人物介绍的写作,内容为介绍著名科学家钱学森的生平;2.确定人称:本文要用第三人称;3.确定时态:时态以一般过去时为主。二、谋篇布局本文属于记叙文的形式,写作时可按照时间顺序来布局。首先:介绍科学家的童年;其次:介绍科学家的求学经历;再次:介绍科学家的贡献;最后:人们的评价。重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习三、核心词汇1.bebornin/into.出生于2.beregardedas被认为是3.graduatefrom从毕业4.devotealloneslifeto致力于5.takepartin参加6.passaway去世重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作
29、随堂练习四、高级句式1.钱学森1911年12月11日出生于浙江一个富裕的家庭,他非常聪明,童年时被认为是一个“神童”。(过去分词作状语;so.that.引导的结果状语从句)BornintoawealthyfamilyonDecember11,1911,ZhejiangProvince,QianXuesenwassocleverthathewasregardedasa“super-talented”boyinhischildhood.2.1934年上海交通大学毕业后,他到美国深造。(动词-ing形式的完成时)HavinggraduatedfromShanghaiJiaoTongUniversit
30、yin1934,hewenttoAmericaforhisfurtherstudy.重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习3.回国后,他把一生都献给了中国的航天科技事业,参与了火箭的设计和研究。(动词-ing形式作伴随状语)SincehereturnedtoChina,hehasdevotedallhislifetoChinasAnAindustry,takingpartinthedesignandresearchofrockets.4.正是因为他的杰出成就,钱学森被誉为“中国航天之父”和“火箭大王”。(Itis.that.强调句)Itsforhisoutstandingachievemen
31、tsthatQianXuesenishonouredasthe“FatherofChinasAstronomy”andthe“KingofRockets”.重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习五、连句成文参考范文:ABriefIntroductionofQianXuesenBornintoawealthyfamilyonDecember11,1911,ZhejiangProvince,QianXuesenwassocleverthathewasregardedasa“super-talented”boyinhischildhood.HavinggraduatedfromShanghaiJi
32、aoTongUniversityin1934,hewenttoAmericaforhisfurtherstudyandgainedhisdoctorsdegreeinthescienceofAstronomy.SincehereturnedtoChina,hehasdevotedallhislifetoChinasAnAindustry,takingpartinthedesignandresearchofrocketsandmissilesaswellasopeninganeweraofChinasAstronomyindustry.重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习Itsforhiso
33、utstandingachievementsthatQianXuesenishonouredasthe“FatherofChinasAstronomy”andthe“KingofRockets”.QianXuesen,apioneerofChinasAstronomyindustry,passedawayonOctober31,2009inBeijing.重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习.短语填空1.MrSmithhappenedtobeinEnglandwhenthewar.答案:brokeout2.MostpeoplethisfigurefromWagnersopera.答案:ar
34、efamiliarwith3.Theoldmanpneumonialastweek.答案:camedownwith4.Itishopedthatthereaderswillkindlyourerrors.答案:pointout5.Asaschoolgirl,shebecominganactress.答案:dreamedofdreamof,comedownwith,befamiliarwith,breakout,pointout重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习.语法填空StephenHawkingwasborninOxford,England,January8,1942.Attheage
35、of17,heenteredUniversityofOxford.Hewanted(study)mathematics,buttookupthestudyofphysicswhenmath(be)unavailable.HereceivedaPh.D.inphysicsdespitebeing(diagnose)withAmeliotrophicLateralSclerosis(肌肉萎缩性侧索硬化症)whileatOxfordin1963.Dr.Hawkings(determine),alongwiththehelpofhisfamilyandassociates,hasallowedhim(
36、continue)towork.In1970hebeganstudyingblackholes.(he)researchledhimtopredictthatblackholessendoutradiationintheX-raytogamma-ray(伽马射线)rangeofthespectrum(光谱).ontostudywasdiagnoseddeterminationtocontinueHis重点词汇重点句式文化意识高分写作随堂练习Inthe1980shereturnedtoearlierinterest,the(origin)oftheuniverse.Hehasco-authoredmanypublications,suchas300YearsofGravityandTheLargeScaleStructureofSpaceTime.StephenHawkingdied(peaceful)athishomeinCambridgeonMarch14th,2018.anoriginspeacefully