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1、UnitUnit 5 FIRST5 FIRST AIDAID素养导航晨读晚诵素养导航晨读晚诵Theterm“firstaid”isnowanacceptedpartofeverydaylanguage,andthereisnodoubtthatitsaboutthehelpgiventosickandinjuredpeople.Butwheredidthe“firstaid”originatefromandwhowerethe“firstaiders”?Thefirstrecordedhistoryoffirstaiddatesbackto1099,whenreligiousknights(骑
2、士)decidedtotrainformedicalcare.TheOrderofStJohn,whichisthepredecessor(前身)ofStJohnAmbulanceorganization,onlyworkedonthetreatmentofbattlefieldinjuries.Theyarethefirstrecordedexampleofpeopletrainedtodofirstaid.素养导航晨读晚诵Inthemid-19thcenturythefirstGenevaConventionandtheInternationalRedCrosswerecreatedtop
3、rotectanddealwithsickandinjuredsoldiersonthebattlefields.Ashorttimelater,anarmysurgeonfirstcameupwiththeideaoftrainingordinarypeopleinwhatwascalled“pre-medicaltreatment”.In1878,theterm“firstaid”firstappearedinBritainandisthoughttobefrom“firsttreatment”and“NationalAid”.SurgeonMajorPeterShepherdandDoc
4、torColemanranthefirstpublicfirstaidcourseatWoolwichPresbyterianChurch,LondoninJanuary1878.素养导航晨读晚诵DuringtheFirstandSecondWorldWars,theBritishRedCrossandStJohnAmbulancejoinedforcestoformtheJointWarOrganizationandplayedamajorroleinsupportofthemedicalservices,bothonthebattlefieldsabroadandinBritain.Mod
5、ern-daypre-hospitaltreatmentofthesickandinjuredhasadvancedrapidlyinrecentyearsduetothelatestmedicalresearchandequipmentsuchashigh-techambulances,butthebasicaimoffirstaidtodayisexactlythesameasthatofthe11thcenturysmedicalknights.素养导航晨读晚诵词海拾贝originatevt.起源;发源ambulancen.救护车treatmentn.治疗supportn.支持equip
6、mentn.仪器;设备素养导航晨读晚诵典句欣赏Theterm“firstaid”isnowanacceptedpartofeverydaylanguage,andthereisnodoubtthatitsaboutthehelpgiventosickandinjuredpeople.译文:“急救”一词现在已经成为日常用语的一部分,毫无疑问,它是关于帮助病人和受伤的人的。分析:本句是一个并列句。Theterm“firstaid”is.是第一个分句,thereisnodoubtthat.是第二个分句,其中that引导的是同位语从句。素养导航晨读晚诵探究思辨1.Whatdoyouthinkoflea
7、rningfirstaid?2.Whatwillyoudoifyouseesomeoneneedsfirstaid?答案:1.Itisnecessarybecausesometimesitcansavepeopleslives.2.Iwillfirstcall120,andthenIwilldowhatIcanforhim.SectionSection A AReadingReading andand ThinkingThinking.知识体系图解 重点词汇 1.toxinn.2.radiationn.3.acidn.adj.4.millimetren.5.layern.6.electrica
8、dj.7.blistern._8.nerven.9.fabricn.毒素(尤指细菌产生的致病物质)辐射;放射线酸酸的;酸性的毫米;千分之一米层;表层;层次电的;用电的;电动的(皮肤上因摩擦、烫伤等引起的)水疱;(金属等表面的)气泡、水泡神经织物;布料;(社会、机构等的)结构10.n.技能;技术;技艺11.n.散页印刷品;传单;小册子12.n.(人或动植物的)器官13.n.光线;光束;(热、电等)射线14.adj.较小的;次要的;轻微的15.n.受害者;患者16.adj.(身体部位)肿起的;肿胀的17.prep.&adv.在底下;隐藏在下面18.adj.松的;未系紧的;宽松的19.adj.紧急的
9、;急迫的;急切的techniqueleafletorganrayminorvictimswollenunderneathlooseurgent重点短语 1.senseoftouch2.electricshock3.prevent.fromdoing4.getburnt5.导致6.坚持;遵守;粘在上7.在涂上8.采取措施触觉触电;电击阻止做被烧伤leadtosticktoapply.to.takesteps重点句式 1.Youcangetburntbyavarietyofthings:hotliquids,steam,fire,radiation,thesun,electricity,acids
10、,orotherchemicals.2.Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.阅读导学A.根据P50P51课文内容,完成下面表格。topsunburnbelowliquidseveryshocksB.根据P50P51课文内容,选择正确答案。1.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytellus?A.Thedefinitionoftheskin.B.Thefunctionsoftheskin.C.Theformationoftheskin.D
11、.Thetreatmentoftheskin.2.Howdopeopledividethetypesofburns?A.Dependingontheplacesoftheburns.B.Dependingonthedepthofskindamage.C.Dependingonwhatcausestheburns.D.Dependingonthetimetheburnstobetreated.答案:B答案:B3.Whichofthefollowingbelongstothird-degreeburns?A.Turnwhitewhenpressed.B.Rough,redandswollen.C.
12、Extremelypainful.D.Blackandwhiteandcharred.4.Whichofthefollowingisforbiddeninthefirstaidtreatmentofthird-degreeburns?A.Dryingtheburnareagentlywithacleancloth.B.Removinganyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary.C.Placingtheburnswithcoolrunningwater.D.Placingcool,clean,wetclothsontheburns.答案:D答案:C重点词汇重点句式随堂练
13、习1.Whatfirst-aidtechniquesdoyouknowof?你知道哪些急救技术?【词汇精讲】techniquen.技能;技术;技艺Theartistcombinesdifferenttechniquesinthesamepainting.这位艺术家在同一幅画中把不同的画法结合在一起。Hertechniquehasimprovedalotoverthepastseason.在过去的一个赛季里,她的技术大有进步。Thisisanimportanttechniquefordigitalimageprocessing.这是一个重要的数字图像处理技术。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【词汇拓展】
14、technicaladj.技术的;应用科学的techniciann.技术员;技师Ihavenotechnicalknowledgeatall.我一点技术知识都没有。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习2.Italsohelpscontrolyourbodytemperature,preventsyourbodyfromlosingtoomuchwater,warnsyouwhenthingsaretoohotorcold,andgivesyouyoursenseoftouch.它还有助于控制体温,防止你的身体失去太多的水分,当东西太热或太冷时警告你,并给你触觉。【词汇精讲】sens
15、eoftouch触觉Theevidencesuggeststhatoursenseoftouchisprogrammedtodecreasewithage.有证据表明,我们的触觉会随着年龄的增长而减损。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【词汇拓展】senseofhearing听觉senseofsmell嗅觉senseofsight视觉senseoftaste味觉asenseofhumour幽默感重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习3.swollen;thetissueunderneathcanoftenbeseen肿胀;通常能看到下面的组织【词汇精讲】underneathprep.&adv.
16、在底下;隐藏在下面Herblondehairwashiddenunderneathabaseballcap.她的金发藏在棒球帽下面。ShewaswearingasmartjacketwithaT-shirtunderneath.她穿着一件漂亮的夹克,里面是一件T恤。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习4.Ifthevictimissufferingfromsecondorthird-degreeburns,thereisanurgentneedtotakehim/hertothehospitalatonce.如果患者有二级或三级烧伤,急需立即送往医院。【词汇精讲】urgentadj
17、.紧急的;急迫的;急切的Aftertheearthquakehappened,theymadeanurgentrequestforinternationalaid.地震发生后,他们紧急请求国际援助。Thisisaquestionthatrequiresurgentattention.这是一个需要紧急处理的问题。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【词汇拓展】(1)urgevt.催促;极力主张n.强烈的欲望;冲动urgesbtodosth催促某人做某事Itisurgedthat.(should)dosth极力主张haveanurgetodosth渴望做某事(2)urgentlyadv.紧急地urgencyn
18、.紧急情况Heurgedallthepeopleconcernedtotakeanactivepartinthemovement.他号召一切有关人员积极参加这一运动。Tomalwayskeepscalmandneverscares,whenhemeetswhateverurgency.汤姆在任何紧急情况下都能保持镇静,从不会惊慌。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习1.Youcangetburntbyavarietyofthings:hotliquids,steam,fire,radiation,thesun,electricity,acids,orotherchemicals.你
19、可以被各种各样的东西烧伤:热液体、蒸汽、火、辐射、太阳、电、酸或其他化学物质。【句式剖析】本句是一个简单句,其中getburnt是“get+过去分词”构成的被动语态,常用在口语中。ItriedtofindmywayroundLondonwithoutamapbutgotlost.我试图不带地图在伦敦寻路,结果迷路了。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【句式拓展】能够用于get后构成被动语态的过去分词不多,常见的有arrested,broken,caught,cheated,confused,delayed,divorced,dressed,drowned,drunk,elected,engaged,hi
20、t,killed,lost,married,stuck等。Igotcaughtintherainonthewayhome.我在回家的路上遇到倾盆大雨。Shenearlygothitbyacar.她差点被汽车撞了。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习2.Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.如果有必要,用剪刀把衣服剪掉,除非你看到织物粘在烧伤的皮肤上。【句式剖析】本句是个复合句。主句Removeanyclothes是祈使句,unless引导的是条件状语从
21、句。ifnecessary是省略语,表示“如果有必要的话”,完整的形式是ifitisnecessary。Ifnecessary,thepatientcanthenvisithisdoctorforfurtheradvice.如有必要,病人可以上门咨询自己的医生以得到更多的建议。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【句式拓展】if构成的其他省略形式:ifany如果有的话ifpossible如果有可能的话ifso如果是这样的话ifever如果曾经有的话ifnot如果不这样的话重点词汇重点句式随堂练习Itissaidthatshewasadmittedtoafamousuniversity.Ifso,Imrea
22、llyproudofher.据说她被一所著名大学录取了。如果是这样的话,我真的为她感到自豪。IfIcanfindthebookhere,itwillbegreat;butifnot,Iwillbuyanewone.如果我在这儿能找到这本书的话,那就太棒了;但是如果找不到,我会买本新的。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【句式拓展】unless意为“除非”“如果不”“除了”,常用来引导一个否定意义的真实条件句。(1)主句为肯定句Youllfailinchemistryagainunlessyouworkharder.如果你再不加把劲,你化学考试还会不及格。(
23、2)主句为否定句Unlessyouoilthemotorregularly,itwontrunsmoothly.要不是你定期地给发动机上油,它就不会转得那么顺畅。Youwillnevergetanywhereunlessyouhavesetyourgoal.如果你不设定目标,你哪儿也去不了。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习(3)unless在意义上相当于if.not,因此在有些场合中unless与if.not可互换使用。Ishallgothereunlessitrains.=Ishallgothereifitdoesntrain.如果不下雨,我就去那里。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习
24、重点词汇重点句式随堂练习.课文语法填空Asthe(large)organofyourbody,yourskincannotonlyprotectyouagainstdiseases,toxinsandthesunsrays,butalsopreventyourbodyfrom(lose)water.Also,ittellsyou_thingsaretoohotortoocold,andgivesyouyoursenseoftouch.Soifyourskingetsburnt,itcanbeveryserious.Firstaidisaveryimportantstepinthe(treat)
25、ofburns.Peoplecangetburnedbymanythings,suchhotliquids,steam,fire,radiation,thesun,electricityorchemicals.Therearethree(type)ofburns,(depend)onwhichlayersoftheskinareburnt.largestlosingwhethertreatmentastypesdepending重点词汇重点句式随堂练习Ifyouseesomeonegetburnt,firsttakeclothingofftheburntareasunlessit(stick)
26、totheburntskinandcooltheburntareawithcoolrunningwater.Thendrythearea(gentle)andcovertheareawithadry,cleanbandageinordernottogetitinfected.Iftheburnisserious,thevictimshouldbesenttoadoctororhospitalonce.isstuckgentlyat重点词汇重点句式随堂练习.概要写作根据课文P50P51内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。参考范文:Asthelargestorganofyourbody,yourski
27、nnotonlyprotectsyouagainstdiseases,butalsogivesyouyoursenseoftouch.(要点1)Soifyourskingetsburnt,firstaidisaveryimportantstep.(要点2)Burnsaredividedintothreetypes,dependingonwhichlayersoftheskinareburnt.(要点3)Differentdegreeburnscanbetreatedinadifferentway.(要点4)Iftheburnisserious,thevictimshouldbesenttothehospitalatonce.(要点5)