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1、（新高考）2023届高三英语下学期预演押题卷（1）（含解析）本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。A Known for its plenty of ancient ruins, sunny beaches, tasty cuisine and friendly atmosphere, it is no wonder that Greece ranks among Europes top travel destinations. B
2、ut the reason that tourism exists in the first place is that its just so beautiful here. Often, youll also find thatbeauty on some islands. Thessaloniki Thessaloniki is Greeces second-largest city and the capital city of the Macedonian region of Northern Greece. Lively festivals, social events and a
3、 colorful nightlife make this city the cultural capital of Greece. Consisting of a historic city center and commercial district, Thessaloniki offers both old and new attractions from its Byzantine walls to museums and art galleries. Thessalonikis nightlife is unmatched. Zagori Zagori is a region of
4、great natural beauty, with striking geology and two national parks, in northwestern Greece. Forests and mountains are surrounded by powerful rivers and traditional villages, many featuring grand stone houses dating from the late eighteenth century. The best way to enjoy the area is by hiking the num
5、erous paths connecting the villages. The most accessible and rewarding target is the wonderful Vkos Gorge. Halkidiki Halkidiki has sporting excellent beaches. Its three separate peninsulas (半岛) can be roughly summarized as follows: Kassandra has the nightlife, Sithonia has the beaches and Athos has
6、the monks(僧侣). Being closest to Thessaloniki, Kassandra is more built-up, while the more quiet Sithonia has campgrounds, hidden bays and clear waters. Both are popular with Greek and Eastern European tourists. Much of the easternmost peninsula is accessible by boat and open to males only.1.Which pla
7、ce is the cultural centre of Greece?A.Zagori.B.Sithonia.C.Halkidiki.D.Thessaloniki.2.What is the most worth visiting in Zagori?A.Vikos Gorge.B.Byzantine walls.C.Two national parks.D.Historic stone houses.3.What do we know about the three places?A.They all lie on some islands of Greece.B.They are Eur
8、opes top travel destinations.C.Their ancient ruins are the most rewarding.D.Greece has the best tourism because of them.BThe worlds elderly population is increasing. The number of older people -those age 60 years or older -is expected to double by 2050 and is growing faster than all younger age grou
9、ps across the globe. That comes with an increasing need for caregivers which can provide 24-hour care, not only at hospitals or nursing homes, but also at private homes.Already, caregiving robots are programmed to ask questions a nurse would ask and can keep an eye on patients for falls. These robot
10、ic assistants are expected to become increasingly marketable and reach 450,000 by 2045 because of the expected caregiver shortage in the USA.Unluckily, the hard structure of present caregiving robots prevents them from a safe human-robot interaction(互动), limiting their assistance to only social inte
11、raction and not physical interaction, said Ramses Martinez, an assistant professor in Purdues College of Engineering . After all, would you leave babies or old people in the hands of a robot?Recent advances in material science have enabled the production of soft robots with deformable (可变形的) bodies
12、or the ability to reshape when touched , but today the complex (复杂的)design prevents the use of this technology at home .However, Martinez and other researchers have developed a new design method which shows promise in enabling the production of soft robots using a 3D printer.The soft machines move l
13、ike humans. Their ability to change their body structure and movement to adapt ( 适应 ) to a wide variety of environments will improve caregiving greatly, says Martinez .The researchers are looking for partners to test and bring their technology to market.4.What does the underlined word That in Paragr
14、aph 1 refer to?A.The younger age groupB.The group of older peopleC.The population across the globeD.The growth of the elderly population5.What is the disadvantage of the present caregiving robots?A.They cant provide safe physical interactionB.They cant communicate with patientsC.They cant watch pati
15、ents for fallsD.They cant provide 24-hour care.6.What do we know about Martinezs new design method?A.It requires a special kind of 3D printer.B.It makes the production of soft robots simpler.C.It has been put onto the market.D.It is hard for users to master.7.What is the text mainly about?A.The robo
16、t industry in the futureB.Effects of population ageingC.Robots for the elderly created with 3D printersD.The development of caregiving robotsCAccording to some researchers, you should not praise children for everything that they do. It does not help them build self-confidence.Most parents and teache
17、rs agree that praise can help increase childrens self-confidence the more, the better. However, according to some researchers, only proper praise is good for children. If adults praise everything children do, it makes children look for praise all the time, not trying to do their best. Teachers shoul
18、d not say things like good job or nice work whenever a child does anything. They should encourage them to continue to improve, some researchers advise.Another idea is that children with high self-confidence are happier, and do better at school. About this, Marshall Duke, a researcher in children, sa
19、ys, High self-confidence brought in by too much praise does not make children happier, get more, or become able to do more. Finding a childs advantages and developing them can help build confidence more than too much praise can. Praise also loses its effect if it is given equally to all students.Its
20、 important to tell children the truth about what theyve done. Honest feedback is far better than empty praise, Duke adds. People have got into the habit of not telling children when theyre wrong. That makes it hard for them to deal with difficulties when they grow up. Thats just how the world is.8.A
21、ccording to some researchers, if parents praise their children too much, their children will_.A.become strongB.increase self-confidenceC.do better in their studiesD.always look for praise9.In order to help children build self-confidence, some researchers advise teachers to _.A.make them live more ha
22、ppilyB.let them do more difficult workC.encourage them to improveD.help them do better in school10.Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage?A.Praise makes children become successful.B.The same praise for all children has no meaning.C.Children dont know what theyre really good at.D.Du
23、ke thinks praise is more important than finding childrens strengths.11.What is the last paragraph about?A.What children with high self-confidence are like.B.Its important to have the habit of praising children.C.Children should know their mistakes as soon as possible.D.We should praise children hone
24、stly and tell them their mistakes.D Lego is considering a brick rental scheme in an attempt to cut down on plastic waste. The Danish toymaker has promised to make all its bricks from sustainable(可持续的) sources by 2030 and is searching significant resources into finding alternatives. Tim Brooks, vice-
25、president responsible for sustainability, said the company was totally open to the idea of a product rental scheme but acknowledged that lost pieces could be a significant problem. He said the rental scheme was possible but admitted there were some technical barriers, one of which is the complexity
26、of some Lego sets, many of which contain thousands of pieces. What are the chances of giving them to an eight-year-old child and getting them all back again? Mr. Brooks added. Lego has come under increasing pressure to reduce its carbon footprint with growing international alarm about the impact of
27、plastic waste on the environment. Lego reportedly gives off around a million tons of carbon dioxide each year, with about three-quarters coming from raw materials that go into factories. It produces 19 billion pieces per year36 000 a minutethat are made of plastic and much of the inner packaging is
28、also plastic. So far, the only breakthrough has been the development of a line of bricks made from plant-based plastic sourced from sugarcane(甘蔗). The green trees, plants and flowers were first included in Lego sets late last year but account for only one-two percent of the total amount of plastic e
29、lements produced. Henrik Ostergaard Nielson, a production administrator in Legos factory, told the New York Times last year We need to learn again how to do this. The company has invested(投资) more than 100 000 000 and hired 100 people to research non-plastic alternatives. It is aiming to keep all of
30、 its packaging reusable by 2025.12.What is the aim of Legos brick rental plan?A.To cut down on their cost.B.To reduce plastic waste.C.To seek alternative resources.D.To deal with technical barriers.13.What is Tim Brooks attitude towards the toy rental scheme?A.Negative.B.Confident.C.Ambiguous.D.Obje
31、ctive.14.What method is used in the last three paragraphs?A.Listing data.B.Making comparisons.C.Giving examples.D.Describing facts.15.What can we know from the last paragraph?A.Lego will not make new products after 2025.B.Lego has already bought non-plastic alternatives.C.Lego is making efforts for
32、eco-friendly products.D.Legos green technology is relatively backward.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 For many freshmen, this will really be their first time handling money on their own. They will have difficulty handling budgets. Here are some useful tips f
33、or them. Keep track of personal finances. College is the age for one to start being smart with their money and know how to properly invest, save up, and pay off their debts. 16_ This is how you become truly independent. Actually, in this case, there are now a lot of convenient APPs on your smartphon
34、es that can give you a real time image of your money and spending. Credit is important, so use it responsibly. Building credit is important, and so is opening your first credit card. During your first few weeks on campus, you will likely be bombed with credit card booths and salespeople. 17_ Then lo
35、ok for a card with no annual fee, good rewards, and of coursea reasonable interest rate.18_ The easiest way to start is to save all your coins and changes every week into a savings account with no ATM card. This seemingly insignificant amount adds up over time and starts the habit of saving. Get a j
36、ob, but a flexible one. Getting a job in college is practical, because you can earn spending money and even save some to pay for books and supplies, and even pay off student loans(贷款). 19_ Some of them have limited interactions or responsibilities. These types of work allow you to make money and fin
37、ish your schooling.Network for your future cause. No money item could be more important than your network, because the quickest way to secure a job is all about who you know, and not totally dependent on your GPA. 20_ A.Learn to start saving a little each month.B.There are many on-campus jobs out th
38、ere.C.But your job can have an impact on your study.D.Open an account without delay when recommended.E.Ask the salespeople to explain detailed points to you.F.The first step is to start keeping accounts for yourself.G.This could bring more benefits than opening up a credit card.第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分
39、）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I heard an old man saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for an appointment at 10:00. The nurse had him take a 21 in the waiting area, 22 him it would be at least 35 minutes. I saw him 23 his watch and decided, since I was no
40、t busymy patient didnt 24 at the appointed hour, I would examine his wound. While taking care of his wound, I asked him if he had another doctors appointment. The gentleman said no and told me that he 25 to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his 26 . She had a special disease. I asked if s
41、he would be 27 if he was a bit late. He replied that she no longer knew who he was, that she had not been able to 28 him for five years now. I was 29 , and asked him, And you still go every morning? He smiled and said, She doesnt know me, but I know who she is. I had to hold back 30 as he left. Now
42、I 31 that in marriages, true love is 32 of all that is. The happiest people dont 33 have the best of everything; they just 34 the best of everything they have. 35 isnt about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.21. A. seatB. testC. breathD. break22. A. persuadingB. tellingC. d
43、eclaringD. promising23. A. taking offB. fixingC. windingD. looking at24. A. show offB. turn upC. come onD. go away25. A. forgotB. neededC. agreedD. happened26. A. daughterB. wifeC. motherD. sister27. A. lonelyB. worriedC. scaredD. hungry28. A. answerB. recogniseC. believeD. envy29. A. movedB. disapp
44、ointedC. surprisedD. satisfied30. A. tearsB. curiosityC. encouragementD. judgment31. A. realiseB. suggestC. hopeD. prove32. A. agreementB. expressionC. acceptanceD. exhibition33. A. necessarilyB. completelyC. naturallyD. frequently34. A. learnB. tryC. favorD. make35. A. DiseaseB. LifeC. TrustD. Dign
45、ity第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinas college entrance examination, known36_ gaokao, has been the most 37_ (compete) test for Chinese students. However, it was even more life-changing for youth more than 40 years ago in 1977. That year, China resumed(恢复) this exam after the te
46、n-year-long cultural revolution, Xinhua News Agency reported. More than 5. 7 million Chinese people 38_ (age) from 15 to 36 took part in the exam that year, according to CRI. They included high school 39_ (graduate), farmers and factory workers. Gaokao changed the lives of many 40_ went on to achiev
47、e greatness in different fields. Late 41_ (novel) Wang Xiaobo and famous director Zhang Yimou took part in the exam around that time. They then 42_ (enter) universities and made their mark.Since then, with the education system normalized, gaokao 43_ (develop), and opened up Chinas education in a number of ways. Now, over