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1、限时规范训练(37)限时40分钟基础落实维度1用所给词的正确形式填空1On arriving (arrive) at the station, he found his best friend waiting to meet him. 2The committee will examine the agreement and any problems arising (arise) from it.3I made up my mind to study (study) harder rather than waste precious time on those useless things.
2、4The agency will make travel arrangements for you. Alternatively (alternative), you can organize your own transport.5Our school has recently obtained the latest multimedia equipment, allowing students to learn efficiently under special circumstances (circumstance)维度2在空白处填入一个适当的词1It is important to w
3、eigh up the pros and cons before the final decision is made. 2It is believed that accidents often arise out of/from carelessness in our daily life.3Always keep/bear in mind your main task is to get this company running smoothly.4How can you pass up the chance to meet your favourite author at the boo
4、k signing?5Under/In no circumstances did I expect that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job. 维度3完成句子/一句多译1我想我有资格成为一名志愿者。请给我一次机会。(qualified)I think I am qualified to be a volunteer.Please give me a chance.2我们现在必须做的是找另一个人来帮助我们。(动词不定式)What we must do now is (to) find another per
5、son to help us.3无论你作何决定都会得到我们的支持。(whatever)Youll have our support whatever you decide.4一听到那个坏消息，他就哭了起来。As soon as/The moment/The minute/The second/The instant/Immediately/Directly/ Instantly he heard the bad news, he burst out crying.(时间状语从句)On/Upon hearing the bad news, he burst out crying.(on/upon
6、 doing)5无论你走哪一条路都会到车站。Whichever road you take, it will lead you to the station.No matter which road you take, it will lead you to the station.能力提升.阅读理解AWhen making choices, people assume that they pick what they like. However, research suggests that we like something strictly because we have chosen
7、it. In other words, we dislike things we dont choose. And this phenomenon has existed since we were babies.In an experiment, US researchers brought several 10to 20monthold babies into a lab and gave them two same bright and colorful soft blocks to play with. They set each block far apart, so the bab
8、ies had to crawl (爬) to one or the othera random choice. After the baby chose one of the toys, the researchers took it away and came back with a new option. The babies could then pick either the toy they didnt play with before, or a brand new toy.It turned out that the babies reliably chose to play
9、with the new toy rather than the one they had not chosen.In followup experiments, when researchers instead helped choose which toy the baby would play with, the phenomenon disappeared. “As if they were saying, Hmm, I didnt choose that object last time, because I guess I didnt like it very much.” sai
10、d Lisa Feigenson, coauthor of the study.This is a very important phenomenon in life, Feigenson noted. Adults will less like the thing they didnt choose, even if they had no real preference in the first place. It looks like babies do just the same.It shows that the act of making choices changes how w
11、e feel about our options. The random choices might become our preferences.“They are really not choosing based on what they prefer，” said Alex Silver, coauthor of the study.These new findings explain why adults build unconscious preference when they make choices between the same things. Justifying (证
12、明有道理) choices is somehow fundamental to the human experience.“I chose this, so I must like it. I didnt choose this other thing, so it can not be so good. Adults make these inferences unconsciously，”Feigenson said.Such a tendency makes sense to us as we live in a consumer culture and must make so man
13、y choices every day, between everything from toothpaste brands to styles of jeans.Next, researchers will look at whether too many choices could be a problem for babies as they certainly are for adults.【语篇解读】在做选择时，人们认为自己选择了自己喜欢的东西，然而研究表明我们喜欢某种东西，完全是因为我们选择了它，并且这种现象从我们还是婴儿的时候就存在了。随机选择可能成为我们的喜好，这一倾向对我们来
14、说是有意义的。1What is the purpose of the experiments?ATo test whether people choose what they like.BTo see why babies prefer new toys to old ones.CTo explain how babies and adults make choices differently.DTo study if too many choices could create problems for people.解析：A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However，research sug
15、gests that we like something strictly because we have chosen it.”可推知，这些实验的目的是测试人们是否选择了他们喜欢的东西。故选A项。2What can be learned from the experiments?ABabies prefer bright and colorful toys.BBabies preference largely affects their choices.CBabies prefer adults to help them make choices.DBabies previous rando
16、m choices affect their preference.解析：D推理判断题。第一段提到我们喜欢某种东西，完全是因为我们选择了它；又根据第二、三段内容可知，婴儿会根据之前的选择而选择玩新玩具而不是选择玩之前没有选择的玩具。由此可推知，婴儿之前的随机选择影响了他们的偏好。故选D项。3Why are the new findings important in life?AThey entirely change our attitude to our choices.BThey help us make wise decisions in a consumer culture.CThey
17、 promote the relationship between adults and babies.DThey help us understand our unconscious preference for choices.解析：D推理判断题。根据第七、八段内容可知，这些新发现解释了为什么成年人在同样的物品中作选择时会有无意识的偏好。而对于生活在一种消费文化中每天要作出那么多选择的我们来说，这样的一种倾向是明智的。由此可推知，这些新发现对于我们的生活重要是因为它们有助于我们理解对选择的无意识的偏好。故选D项。4What can be the best title for the tex
18、t?ABabies Like What They ChooseBRandom Choices MatterCToo Many Choices Puzzle the AdultsDPreference Affects the Choice解析：B标题归纳题。本文围绕“做选择和喜欢的关系的实验”展开，通过实验说明随机选择可能成为我们的偏好，并表述这也就解释了为什么成年人在同样的物品中作选择时会有无意识的偏好。文章还阐述了这种倾向的意义。故B项(随机选择是重要的)作本文标题最佳。B Imagine reading a story titled “Pursuing Success”. That wou
19、ld be an inspiring story, wouldnt it? Maybebut maybe not. It might well be the story of someone whose neverending chase for more and more success leaves them unsatisfied and incapable of happiness.Though it isnt a conventional medical addiction, for many people, success has addictive properties. Obv
20、iously, success goes with praise. To a certain extent, praise stimulates the neurotransmitter dopamine (神经递质多巴胺), which contributes to all addictive behavior.The desire for success may be in humans nature, but specialness doesnt come cheap. Success is tough work, and it requires bearing the cost of
21、losing. In the 1980s, the physician Robert Goldman famously found that more than half of ambitious athletes would be willing to take a drug that would kill them in five years in exchange for winning every competition they entered.Unfortunately, success is endless. The goal cant be satisfied; most pe
22、ople never feel “successful enough”. The high only lasts a day or two, and then its on to the next goal. Psychologists call this the hedonic treadmill (快乐跑步机现象), in which satisfaction wears off almost immediately and we must run on to the next reward to avoid the feeling of falling behind.People sho
23、uld get off the treadmill. But quitting isnt easy for addicts. For people hooked on substances, withdrawal can be a painful experience, both physically and psychologically. Research finds that depression and anxiety are common among outstanding athletes after their careers end. Olympic athletes, in
24、particular, suffer from the “postOlympic blues”Just like wine, success in and of itself is not a bad thing. Both can bring fun and sweetness to life. But both become bossy when they are a substitute forinstead of a complement (补充物) tothe relationships and love that should be at the center of our liv
25、es.【语篇解读】成功总是伴随着赞美，表扬在一定程度上刺激了神经递质多巴胺，它是所有成瘾行为的诱因之一。成功有上瘾的特性，如果无止境地追求成功，结果却得不到满足，也无法获得幸福。5What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs?ASuccess doesnt always bring positive results.BA traditional medical addiction leads to success.CThe passion for constant success is rarely praised.DSuccess ad
26、diction has already drawn wide attention.解析：A推理判断题。根据第一段尾句可知，如果永无止境地追求更多的成功，结果却得不到满足，也无法获得幸福。结合第二段内容可以判断，成功并不总是带来积极的结果。故选A项。6Why did the author mention the research findings of Robert Goldman?ATo argue that athletes deserve more rewards.BTo illustrate success is a tough and cruel job.CTo describe th
27、e routine training of an ordinary athlete.DTo express his opinion on success: no pain, no gain.解析：B推理判断题。 根据第三段第一、二句可知，对成功的渴望可能是人类的天性，但与众不同并不廉价。成功是艰苦的工作，它要求承担失败的代价。接着下文提及了Robert Goldman的发现，以证明和强调成功是艰苦而残酷的。故选B项。7What can success bring to a success addict according to psychologists?ASatisfaction and a
28、 sense of pride.BConfidence and lifelong happiness.CAnxiety and shortlived happiness.DRelaxation and endless motivation.解析：C细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“The high only lasts a day or two, and then its on to the next goal.”可知，这种兴奋状态只会持续一两天，然后就会进入下一个目标。结合该段下文可知，不断追求成功只会给人带来焦虑和短暂的幸福。故选C项。8What does the author suggest
29、 people do about pursuing success?AStop chasing success.BGive up love and relationships.CChase success at any cost.DReflect on what matters in life.解析：D细节理解题。根据本文尾句可知，但是它们成为我们生活中心的人际关系和爱情的替代品而不是补品时，它们就会变得专横跋扈。据此可知，作者建议人们在追求成功时，要注意人生中什么是重要的。故选D项。.七选五If you think youre a pessimist and theres no hope o
30、f ever turning it around, then think again! According to mental health experts, it is actually very possible to turn into a glasshalffull kind of person, and heres what you can do to see things in a brighter light. 1 Writing down your ideas of an optimistic tomorrow will make a huge difference when
31、it comes to your overall attitude to life. You may also want to consider a serious challenge you have in life right now, and simply sit back and think about all of the possible positive outcomes.Choose to be optimistic. Life is all about choices. You can choose to spend the entire day reading or cle
32、aning. You can make the call youve been thinking about for a while or you can put it off for another day. Whats more, you can also choose to be positive or you can choose to simply carry on living as you are. 2 And then carry on that way for the rest of your life.Extend positiveness to others. Makin
33、g others feel good about themselves can have lasting positive effects on your own life. Never forget to admire your family, friends, and colleagues for the good things which they are doing in their lives, even if they dont directly affect you. 3 Adjust your negative thinking patterns. Its fine to ac
34、knowledge that bad things in life might happen at any time. 4 Yet being overly negative can seriously ruin your chances of finding happiness in your life. Reframing your awkwardly negative thoughts into more realistic patterns may be the key to helping you maintain optimism.Practice gratitude. Spend
35、 some time thinking about all of the things you have to be thankful for. 5 You could even choose to keep diaries, where you can put down anything that makes you smile. If nothing else, take a moment every once in a while to stop, smile and be thankful for the positive things in life.AImagine a posit
36、ive future.BForm the habit of keeping diaries.COf course, its also necessary to praise yourself.DIgnoring reality isnt the most helpful method.EBeing optimistic starts with the decision to be positive.FIt will often provide you with an instant optimism boost.GTake a moment to work out how realistic
37、your thoughts really are.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了帮助持悲观态度的人们进行转变的几种办法想象积极的未来、选择乐观、传递积极乐观、调整消极思维模式、践行感恩。1A本段主要讲了“说到对生活的总体态度时，把你对于一个积极的明天的想法写下来会有很大的影响想想所有未来可能出现的积极的结果”，据此可知，本段主要是说要积极乐观地畅想未来，故A项适合作本段的主旨句。2E空前一句讲到了“你可以选择积极或者只是继续按你本来的样子生活”，而空后一句讲到了“余生继续那种生活方式”，再结合本段主旨句“选择乐观”可知，空处应该会讲到选择积极乐观，故E项符合语境。3C本段主旨句为“将积极乐观传递给
38、别人”，空前一句讲的是“对于你的家人、朋友、同事做的好事，哪怕对你无直接影响，也要记得去赞赏他们”，这是赞赏他人，C项的“赞赏自己”与之相对应，故C项符合语境。4D空前一句讲到了“承认生活中随时可能会发生一些不好的事情是可以的”，空后一句讲到了“然而，过度消极会严重损害你在生活中找到幸福的机会”，因此空处讲的应该是面对现实不要逃避，故D项符合语境。5F空前一句讲到了“花些时间去思考一下所有你应该感恩的事情”，空后一句讲到了“你甚至可以记日记，把所有让你微笑的事情记录下来”，这两句都是对“践行感恩”的举例，因此空处应该是对这样做的效果的评价，故F项符合语境。.语法填空In modern soci
39、ety, many traditional Chinese festivals are becoming less and less popular. However, they are an important part of Chinese culture, and its our 1. (responsible) to protect and maintain them. This article focuses on a festival that many people are not familiar withthe Hanshi Festival.With a history o
40、f more than 2,600 years, the Hanshi Festival is the only traditional one in China named 2. food, and it is also known as the Cold Food Festival as people are only allowed to eat cold food on this day. Hanshi normally 3. (fall) around April 3 in the solar calendar, one or two days ahead of the Qingmi
41、ng Festival.In most parts of China, fires might start easily in the dry early spring due to the flammable substances 4. (store) by people and the spring thunder. As a result, the ancients usually held grand ceremonies of sacrifice in 5. the fire stored from the previous year would be put out. Later,
42、 they would drill wood to get new fire for a new year. The gap between putting out old fire and 6. (burn) the wood to obtain new fire would be three, five, or seven days according to different 7. (history) records.During the gap days, fires 8. (prohibit) in households. As a result, people would eat
43、what they had prepared previously, namely the cold food, or “hanshi” in Chinese. Thiss 9. the Hanshi Festival gradually came into being.As the Hanshi Festival is one or two days ahead of the Qingming Festival, they gradually got combined with one another. After the Song Dynasty, cold food did not re
44、main a necessity on this day, and gradually, the Qingming Festival took over the folk activities of Hanshi 10. (become) a major festival on this subject.【语篇解读】在现代社会，许多中国传统节日越来越不受欢迎，文章介绍了许多人不太熟悉的寒食节的演变。1responsibility考查词性转换。根据空前的our可知，空处需要用名词，所以填responsibility。2after考查介词。此处考查固定表达name .after .，意为“以命名”
45、，所以空处填after。3falls考查谓语动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作句子的谓语。结合语境可知，本句讲到了寒食节是在每年的4月3日左右，要用一般现在时，主语Hanshi与fall之间是主动关系，且Hanshi是单数，所以空处填falls。4stored考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词为might start, store在句中作非谓语，与逻辑主语the flammable substances之间为动宾关系，所以空处填stored。5which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为“in关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为表示物的名词grand ceremon
46、ies，所以空处填which。6burning考查非谓语动词。and前后为并列关系，and前面的putting为动名词形式，因此and后面的动词也应该用动名词形式，所以空处填burning。7historical考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词records，需要用形容词，所以空处应填historical。注意：historic adj.有历史意义的，在此处意义不符合语境，故只能用historical adj.历史的。8were prohibited考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作句子的谓语。结合语境可知，空处讲的是古代的情况，应该用一般过去时；“火被禁止”表被动；主语fires是复数，所以空处填were prohibited。9how考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导表语从句，结合句意“这就是寒食节逐步形成的过程”可知，空处填how。10to become考查非谓语动词。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作结果状语，所以空处填to become。