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1、限时规范训练(19)限时40分钟基础落实维度1用所给词的正确形式填空1The two boys were whispering (whisper) when the head teacher came in from the back door.2With the gains and losses carefully weighted, we are confident the plan really deserves trying/to be tried (try)3It is everybodys duty to observe the traffic rules to keep our
2、society in order and going (go) on the right track.4In conclusion (conclude), its my sincere hope that you can spare some time for a visit to my hometown again, which has changed greatly since you left.5(2020江苏卷)If you see humour as an optional form of entertainment, youre missing some of its bigges
3、t benefits: Humour makes averagelooking people look cute and uninteresting people seem entertaining. (entertain)维度2在空白处填入一个适当的词1She concluded her talk with a funny story at the end of the speech.2He fell behind，so he had to quicken up his pace to catch up with us.3In order not to let the others hear
4、 what he said, he whispered the news to me.4After working all day, he was so tired that he was in no mood to go to the party with us.5Typical for China is the crosstalk show, in which two comedians entertain the audiences with wordplay. 维度3完成句子/句式转换/一句多译1在收获的季节，农民通常让机器日夜不停地运转。(keep宾语宾补)During the ha
5、rvest, farmers usually keep the machines running day and night.2They treated us to a delicious meal as the reward for our help.They entertained us to a delicious meal as the reward for our help.3They sat at the back of the room, talking in a low voice.They sat at the back of the room, talking in a w
6、hisper.4因为这个不好的消息，我没心情开玩笑。I am not in the mood to tell jokes now because of the bad news.I am in no mood for a joke now because of the bad news.5小男孩对他在动物园里看到的兴奋不已。The little boy was amused at what he saw in the zoo.(amused)What the little boy saw in the zoo amused him.(what引导的主语从句)能力提升.阅读理解AHave you
7、 heard a story about Oliver Wendell Holmes and got what he meant? He once attended a meeting in which he was the shortest man present. “Doctor Holmes，” joked a friend，“I think you would feel rather small among us big fellows.”“I do，” smiled Holmes. “I feel like a dime (一角硬币) among a lot of pennies.”
8、I ever believed only such a person like Holmes could think that way. But I was proven wrong.Yesterday I watched a huge flight of geese winging their way south through one of those beautiful sunsets that colored the entire sky for a few moments. I saw them as I rested against the lion statue in front
9、 of the Art Institute of Chicago, where I was watching the holiday shoppers hurry along Michigan Avenue.When I looked sideways, I noticed that a bag lady, standing a few feet away, had also been watching the geese with great attention. Sensing someone was looking at her, she cast a sideways look. Ou
10、r eyes met and we smiled silently acknowledging the fact that we had shared an amazing sight, a symbol of the secret of the struggle to survive. I overheard the lady talking to herself as she walked away. Her words，“Life treats me kindly”， nearly made my jaw drop.Was the lady, this homeless street b
11、eggar, being kidding or even mindless? No. I believed the sight of the geese had reminded her of, however briefly, the difficult and unpleasant reality of her own struggle. I realized later that moments such as this one provided her with great comfort and encouragement; it was the way she survived t
12、he hardness of the street. Her smile was real.The sight of the geese was her holiday present. It was proof that hard work mattered. It was all she needed. I envy her.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了作者遇到的流浪女人的事，她面对自己的困境的积极态度让作者感触颇深。1From the story in Paragraph 1, we can know that Holmes was .ApatientBrudeCwise Dawkward
13、解析：C推理判断题。根据第一段中讲述的Oliver Wendell Holmes的故事可知，他机智地化解了尴尬，他是智慧的。故选C项。2What surprised the author most the day he watched the geese?AThe bag ladys remark on her life.BThe secret of the survival of the geese.CPeoples enthusiasm for holiday gifts.DThe beautiful sunset and the colorful sky.解析：A细节理解题。 根据题干中
14、的关键词surprised the author most定位到第四段中的“Her words, Life treats me kindly， nearly made my jaw drop.”，由此可知，流浪女人对于自己生活的评价最让作者吃惊。故选A项。3What does the author envy the bag lady?AHer unusual experiences as a street beggar.BHer great pride in what she worked hard at.CHer friendly ways of getting on with strang
15、ers.DHer positive attitude towards her own struggle.解析：D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Her words，Life treats me kindly，nearly made my jaw drop.”及下文可知，流浪女人以积极的态度面对自己的困境，这就是作者羡慕她的地方。故选D项。BFor lots of animalshumans includedlazing about in the sunshine is one of lifes greatest pleasures. But unfortunately, this leisure
16、comes with a cost: sunburn. And, while its most likely victims are the fairerskinned among us, animals are at risk of sunburn, too. But if this can happen to animals too, why, then, dont we ever see sunburned fish?“If you think of it, the sun has been here forever in terms of our planet, and all ind
17、ividuals have been exposed to it，” said Karina AcevedoWhitehouse, a molecular epidemiologist from the Autonomous University of Queretaro, in Mexico. “So, its a pretty strong selective pressure that the sun has put on animals and that has led to many mechanisms of reacting to it.”Some of these mechan
18、isms are obvious: hair, fur, wool, feathers and scales (鳞) on many creatures create a barrier between sunshine and skin.But, “marine mammals (海洋哺乳动物), and specifically cetaceans (whales, dolphins and porpoises ), are an exception because they dont have fur; they dont have scales，”said AcevedoWhiteho
19、use, who has been studying sunburn in whales for over five years.In skin samples taken from the backs of blue whales, sperm whales and fin whales on their crossocean migrations, AcevedoWhitehouse and her colleagues discovered signs of sunburn from the whales hours spent breathing and socializing at
20、the surface. But crucially, they also discovered that whales have specialized mechanisms that help them cancel out this burn. “The common adaptation of cetaceans is that they appear to be very effective at repairing damage，” she said.Some whales generate colors that darken and protect their skin; ot
21、hers have genes that set off a protective stress response in the skin.There are even whales that have developed a hard, keratinized layer (角质层) that protects the delicate skin below. “We were excited to see there isnt really evidence of skin cancer in whales，” AcevedoWhitehouse said. Now, theyre try
22、ing to understand precisely how those healing mechanisms work.【语篇解读】大多数动物包括人类在享受阳光的同时都会面临被晒伤的风险，动物们通过毛皮、鳞片等各种机制保护皮肤，但鲸类是个例外，因为它们没有毛皮，也没有鳞片。本篇主要探讨的问题是鲸类是否会被太阳晒伤。4Which of the following problems is the text trying to solve?ADo whales ever get sunburnt?BHow do whales avoid sunburn?CDo animals ever get
23、sunburnt?DHow do mammals protect skin?解析：A细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“But if this .dont we ever see sunburned fish？”以及文章后三段的内容可知，文章想要解决的问题是没有毛皮和鳞片的鲸类是否会被晒伤。故选A项。5What does the “exception” in Paragraph 4 refer to?AWhales dont have fur to protect themselves.BWhales can protect their skin even without fur.CWhales
24、build a wall between sunshine and skin.DWhales reacting mechanism is obviously found.解析：B推理判断题。根据第三段内容以及第四段中的“because they dont have fur；they dont have scales”可推知，exception指的是鲸类不像其他动物有毛皮等保护皮肤的屏障，但是它们也能保护皮肤。故选B项。6In what situation do some whales probably get sunburnt?ABreathing.BSocializing above wat
25、er.CSunbathing.DSurfacing for a long time.解析：D细节理解题。根据第五段中的“AcevedoWhitehouse and her colleagues discovered signs of sunburn from the whales hours spent breathing and socializing at the surface”可知，鲸类如果长时间在海洋表面呼吸或者交际也会被晒伤。故选D项。7What do some whales depend on to adapt well to sun damage?ARapid healing.
26、BSelfmade sun cream.CProtective coats.DImpossibility of cancer.解析：A细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The common adaptation of cetaceans is that they appear to be very effective at repairing damage”可知，鲸类依靠其快速修复损伤的能力来适应太阳的伤害。故选A项。.七选五Have you ever wondered why youre not as happy as youd like to be? Based on my own person
27、al experience and the happiness facts published by Harvard University, Ive summarized the following habits that will make you happy!Laugh often. Laughter is the most powerful medicine for anger or depression. Research has shown that the simple act of smiling can increase your feeling of happiness. 1
28、 Try to find humor and laughter in lifes everyday struggles.Keep your agreements.Our selfrespect is built on the agreements weve made with ourselves and with others. And high selfrespect has a direct relationship with happiness. 2 Do your best and then let go. Everyone has limitations, and things do
29、nt always turn out to be what wed like them to bedespite our efforts. So always give your best, and then let go. 3 When youve done your best, youll have no regrets.Give back. 4 According to Harvard, when people do good, their brains become active in the very same reward center that is stimulated whe
30、n they experience other rewards. So its not a surprise that people who care more about others are happier than those who care less about others.These happiness habits have proven to be true in my own life. During those periods when I focus on developing the habits listed above, I do feel happier and
31、 more fulfilledlike now. Happiness is not an accident. 5 ALet events run their course.BSo dont take life too seriously.CSo do what you say youre going to do.DWhen we succeed, were more likely to be happy.EThis is the best way to overcome your limitations.FIts a conscious decision that takes a consci
32、ous effort.GHelping others is one of the surest ways to feel good.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了几个让人幸福的习惯，包括常笑和帮助他人等。1B根据空前一句表述的“研究表明，一个简单的微笑行为可以增加你的幸福感”和空后一句表述的“在每日的奋斗中努力找到幽默和笑声”可知，B项(所以不要跟生活太较真)符合语境。2C结合本段内容可知，本段主要讲自尊、言行一致和幸福三者之间的关系。言行一致是自尊的基础，而高度的自尊又与幸福有直接关系，C项(因此你要言出必行)符合语境。3A空前一句讲的是“所以永远尽自己最大的努力，然后放手”，而空后一句讲的是“
33、当你已尽了自己最大努力，你就没有遗憾了”，因此A项“让事情顺其自然”符合语境。4G本段总结句讲的是关心他人更多的人比关心他人更少的人更幸福，这并不是一个令人惊讶的事，G项(帮助别人是能感到快乐的最可靠的方法之一)符合语境。5F根据空前一句表述的“幸福不是一件偶然的事”可知，F项(这是一个需要有意识的努力来作出的有意识的决定)符合语境。.语法填空The Song Dynasty was an exciting period in Chinese history. At the height of 1. (it) power, the countrys population doubled. Th
34、e fast growing economy and strong support 2. the rulers helped the development of technology and the expansion of knowledge. During this period, a huge number of technological innovations emerged. Many of them had significant practical 3. (apply)One particular invention from this period made a mark
35、on the world: movabletype printing (活字印刷)that is, individual blocks that could each print a single character and then 4. (use) again. This technology finally emerged in Europe several centuries later. The Chinese language uses a huge number of characters, 5. most European languages use individual le
36、tters. Printing texts made up of individual letters 6. (require) fewer blocks. This invention produced an enormous change in 7. (write) communication in Europe and made it easier for a 8. (grow) number of people to learn to read.The Chinese were also the first to invent the compass, 9. changed how s
37、ailors navigated the seas. Together with star charts (星图)another Chinese inventionand maps, the compass made sea travel much 10. (safe)【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了宋朝的一项重要发明活字印刷，并提到中国人最先发明指南针。1its考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示“在宋朝的国力鼎盛时期”，故用形容词性物主代词its。2from考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“来自统治者的大力支持”，故填from，表示“来自”。3application(s)考查名词。空前有形容词pra
38、ctical，故应填apply的名词形式，表示“应用，运用”。4be used考查动词的被动语态。根据语境可知，每个单独的方块能够印一个单字，然后可以再次被使用，故填be used。5while/but考查连词。根据句意可知，空前说汉语用大量的文字，空后说大部分欧洲语言用单独的字母。故此处前后形成对比或表示转折，应用while/but。6requires考查时态和主谓一致。此句主语是动名词短语“Printing texts”且描述的是客观情况，谓语动词需要用第三人称单数形式requires。要注意made up of individual letters是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰texts。7written考查词性转换。分析句子结构并根据语境可知，此处作定语，修饰communication，意为“书面交流”，故应用形容词written“书面的”。8growing考查词性转换。空前为a，空后为名词number，则此处应用形容词growing，表示“增长的，增加的”，作定语修饰number。9which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the compass，故填关系代词which。10safer考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处表示“指南针与另一项中国发明星图以及地图一起使海上旅行更安全”，所以需填safe的比较级形式safer。