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1、【基础达标练】基础默写.单词背诵阅读词汇词义默写1castle n城堡；堡垒2accommodation n住处；停留处；膳宿3architecture n建筑设计；建筑学4architect n建筑设计师5brochure n资料(或广告)手册6package n包裹；包装盒 vt.将包装好7civilisation n文明；文明世界8credit n借款；信用；称赞；学分9statue n雕塑；雕像10unearth vt.挖掘；发掘写作词汇词形默写11pack vi.& vt.收拾(行李)vt.包装 n(商品的)纸包；纸袋；大包12source n来源；出处13narrow adj.狭窄
2、的 vi.& vt.(使)变窄14official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的 n官员；要员15type n类型；种类 vi.& vt.打字16flight n空中航行；航班；航程17unique adj.唯一的；独特的；特有的18path n小路；路线；道路19destination n目的地；终点20contact vt.联络；联系 n联系；接触21transport n交通运输系统 vt.运输；运送22detail n细节；详情；细微之处23request n(正式或礼貌的)要求；请求 vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求；请求24view n视野；景色；看法25sight n景象；视野；视力
3、26comment n议论；评论 vi.& vt.发表意见；评论拓展词汇词形变化27apply vi.& vt.申请；请求 vt.应用；涂(油漆、乳剂)applicant n申请人application n申请书；申请28amaze vt.使吃惊；惊讶amazing adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的amazed adj.惊奇的；惊喜的amazement n惊奇29arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理arrangement n安排；筹备30extreme adj.极度的extremely adv.极其；非常31power n能力；力量；权力powerful adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的
4、powerless adj.无力的；没有能力的32recognise vt.辨别出，承认；认可recognition n辨认；认出33admire vt.钦佩；赞赏admiration n羡慕admirable adj.令人羡慕的34economy n经济；节约economic adj.经济(上)的；经济学的.核心短语默写1apply for申请2get around四处走动(旅行)；传播，流传3take control of控制；接管4look through浏览5other than除以外6be amazed by对惊讶7because of因为8in the history of在的历史
5、上9be made of由制成10package tour包价旅游11make up构成；形成12credit card信用卡13check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记14check out结账离开(旅馆等)15be made up of由组成.教材原句补全1It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.正因为如此，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。2Especially amazing is the Incas dry stone method of building.特别令人惊叹的是印加人的干式
6、石头搭砌的建造方法。3. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。4. Each statue has a different face，leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier.每个俑像的相貌都
7、不相同，这让研究人员认为每个俑像都是一名真实士兵的形象。5. However，no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974，when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were digging a well!然而，直到1974年几位农民打井时(无意)发现了这座陵墓，现代人才知道了这座皇陵和兵马俑！语言运用.单句语法填空1This is actually(actual)a bit hard to explain，but Ill g
8、ive it a try anyhow.2I think China will become more and more powerful(power)in the future.3To catch the early flight(fly)，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.4The final score of the basketball match was 9394.We were narrowly(narrow) beaten.5After the earthquake，the first thing the loc
9、al government did was to make accommodations (accommodate)for the homeless families.6He glanced briefly towards her but there was no sign of recognition(recognize)7The students were requested(request)to be well prepared for the coming exam last week.8What about going(go)to the cinema tonight？A new f
10、ilm is on show.9You have a good view of the beautiful sunrise and sunset from the window.10It was announced that only when the fire was under control would residents be permitted to return to their homes.一句多译/句式升级1医疗队由3名医生和7名护士组成。Three doctors and seven nurses make up the medical team now.The medica
11、l team is made up of three doctors and seven nurses.2随着期末考试的临近，班主任要求我们复习功课。With the final exam drawing near，our headteacher requests us to go over our lessons(request sb.to do.)As the final exam draws near，our headteacher requests that we(should)go over our lessons(request that.)As the final exam dr
12、aws near，our headteacher makes a request that we(should)go over our lessons(request n)3他是个直言不讳的人，喜欢对周围的事情发表意见。He is an outspoken man and prefers to make comments on the things around him.(comment n)He is an outspoken man and prefers to comment on the things around him.(comment v)4I met Mary on my wa
13、y to school yesterday.It was Mary that/who I met on my way to school yesterday.(强调宾语)It was on my way to school that I met Mary yesterday.(强调地点状语)It was yesterday that I met Mary on my way to school.(强调时间状语)5If you apply yourself to the job in hand，youll soon finish it.Apply yourself to the job in h
14、and，and youll soon finish it.(祈使句)Applying yourself to the job in hand，youll soon finish it.(现在分词短语作状语)【模拟提升练】.完形填空On a December morning in 1951，Malone left his home in downtown St.Johns in Newfoundland，to buy some butter for his mother.When he _1_the corner onto Central Street，he saw _2_ coming fro
15、m one of its threestorey houses.A woman at its window _3_，“Save the children！Save the children！” Malone _4_ toward the burning house，through the front door and up a flight of _5_，where he found a fiveyearold girl.“I grabbed(抓住)the child，” he said，“but she _6_ No，no，my sister！Youve got to get my sist
16、er！” Malone _7_ felt compelled(必须)to cross the hall and check the other bedroom.He reached under the bed and found the girls _8_，silent threeyearold _9_As the _10_ intensified(增强)，Malone carried the children safely out to the street and the waiting people.Then he _11_ lefthe was late for _12_ the bu
17、tter for his mom!Over the years，Malone thought about the fire and the children he had _13_ and wondered what had happened to the girls.Malone and his wife，Liz，spent four _14_ in Ontario until last October，when they _15_ to Newfoundland.The couple settled in Conception Bay South，30 kilometres from St
18、.Johns，in a house _16_ the sea.Shortly after they moved in，two of their new neighbors _17_ with a housewarming _18_frozen cod and salt fish.Malone and Liz invited Fowler and her husband in for a _19_，through which Malone and Fowler，who are both in their seventies，_20_ a connection.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。Malon
19、e年轻的时候，在帮母亲买黄油的途中，从火灾中救了两个小女孩；后来，Malone搬到别的地方生活了。多年后，Malone又回到了曾经生活过的地方，碰巧的是，自己的新邻居竟然是自己曾经从火灾中救的人。1A.madeBgotCturned Dcut解析：根据上文中的left his home in downtown St.Johns及该空后的the corner onto Central Street可推知，当时Malone正要转过街角到另一条街上。故选C。答案：C2A.fog BsmokeCsteam Dwater解析：根据第4空后的the burning house可知，Malone看到了烟从一
20、栋三层住宅的一个房子里飘出来。故选B。答案：B3A.spoke BwhistledCwhispered Dyelled解析：根据语境以及空后的“Save the children！Save the children！”可知，当时一位女士正在窗口大喊呼救。故选D。答案：D4A.raced BdroveCflowed Djogged解析：根据空后的“.toward the burning house，through the front door and up a flight of _5_，where he found a fiveyearold girl.”并结合语境可知，当时Malone应是迅
21、速奔向着火的房子，穿过前门，然后上了一段楼梯，发现了一个5岁的女孩。A项意为“快速移动”，故选A。答案：A5A.roads BstairsCstreams Dmountains解析：参见上题解析。其他选项不符合语境，故选B。答案：B6A.screamed BrelievedCcomplained Dinterrupted解析：根据空后的“No，no，my sister！”可知，当Malone要带那个5岁的女孩离开时，她尖叫起来，要Malone先去救她的妹妹。故选A。答案：A7A.temporarily BoriginallyCproperly Dsuddenly解析：根据空后的“.felt c
22、ompelled to cross the hall and check the other bedroom.”可知，当听到那个女孩的话后，Malone突然觉得必须去救另一个女孩。故选D。temporarily“暂时地，临时地”；originally“原来，起初”；properly“正确地，适当地”。答案：D8A.disappointed BexcitedCfrightened Dcalmed解析：根据该句中的under the bed以及silent threeyearold可知，那个5岁女孩的妹妹只有3岁，并且躲在床下，由此可知，她当时在火灾中应是害怕的。故选C。答案：C9A.sister
23、 BbabyCcousin Dneighbor解析：参见上题解析。答案：A10A.sense BflamesCrelationship Dabilities解析：当时是在火灾中，故此处应是随着火势的增强，Malone把孩子们安全地救了出去。B项意为“火焰”，故选B。答案：B11A.sympathetically BselflesslyChurriedly Dregretfully解析：根据第一段第一句中的to buy some butter for his mother以及该空后的“.he was late for_12_ the butter for his mom！”可知，Malone本来
24、要帮母亲买黄油，当把两个小女孩救出来之后，已经晚了，于是就匆忙地离开了。故选C。答案：C12A.lighting up Btaking upCholding up Dpicking up解析：参见上题解析。D项意为“买到”。答案：D13A.met BrescuedCraised Drecalled解析：根据文章第一段的内容及该空前的thought about the fire可知，这些年来，Malone会想起他曾经从火灾中救出的那两个女孩。故选B。答案：B14A.years BstagesCdecades Dmonths解析：根据第20空前的both in their seventies和语境
25、可知，Malone和他的妻子应是在Ontario生活了40年。故选C。答案：C15A.returned BleftCimmigrated Dcontributed解析：根据空后的Newfoundland和第一段第一句中的his home in downtown St.Johns in Newfoundland可知，多年后Malone和他的妻子回到了Newfoundland，并且在离St.Johns 30千米的Conception Bay South定居了，而且他们的房子俯视(overlooking)大海。故选A。答案：A16A.storing BobtainingCrefreshing Dov
26、erlooking解析：参见上题解析。答案：D17A.stopped by Bpassed byCstood by Dput by解析：根据第18空后的frozen cod and salt fish及第19空前的invited Fowler and her husband in可知，在Malone和妻子搬进新家后不久，他们的两个新邻居带着冷冻鳕鱼和咸鱼作为乔迁聚会的礼物(gift)来拜访他们。故选A。stop by“过去坐坐”；pass by“通过，经过”；stand by“袖手旁观，无动于衷”；put by“攒钱”。答案：A18A.party BpartCimage Dgift解析：参见上
27、题解析。答案：D19A.ball BcheckCchat Dmatch解析：根据第17小题的解析及该句中的invited并结合语境可知，Malone和妻子邀请邻居来家里聊天。故选C。答案：C20A.lost BdiscoveredCadvocated Dcreated解析：根据上文中的wondered what had happened to the girls以及该段的叙述可知，通过聊天，Malone和Fowler发现了他们之间的联系，即发现他们以前在火灾中相遇过。故选B。答案：B.语法填空(2021南昌市第三次模拟)Born in China in 1911，Qian Xuesen maj
28、ored in railway engineering at Jiaotong University in Shanghai but switched to aeronautics(航空学)in 1935 1._ he came to the United States to pursue graduate studies.He 2._(earn)a masters degree in 1936 from MIT and then a PhD in 1939.Shortly thereafter，he worked in America and played a contributing ro
29、le in the American space program.In 1950，3._(he)request for returning to China was denied.Eventually，he left with his family for China in 1955 as a result of diplomatic negotiations in Geneva.Upon his return to China，Qian 4._(appoint)as director of the Institute of Mechanics in the Chinese Academy o
30、f Sciences in Beijing.In the late 1950s and early 1960s，he helped China conduct the first test of an atomic(原子的)bomb 5._(deliver)by a medium and short range missile in 1966.He furthermore contributed 6._ China launching its first satellite in 1970.In his later years，Qian was also credited in China f
31、or 7._(provide)critical support for the human space flight program when it faced cutbacks.He was 8._(especial)influential in his promotion of systems engineering in aerospace(航空航天)projects and other 9._ (area)until his death in 2009.Qian is regarded as 10._ pioneering and foundational figure in the
32、history of Chinas space program.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国航天发展史上的先驱和奠基人钱学森的情况，重点介绍了他从美国返回中国为国效力的事情。1解析：考查定语从句的引导词。分析该句结构并根据空前的in 1935可知，空处引导定语从句，故填when。句意：钱学森1911年出生于中国，在上海交通大学主修铁道工程，但当他在1935年来到美国攻读硕士学位时，转向了航空专业。答案：when2解析：考查时态和语态。根据该句中的时间状语in 1936可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。答案：earned3解析：考查代词。空处和后面的名词request
33、为所有关系，故用形容词性物主代词his。句意：1950年，他返回中国的请求被拒绝。答案：his4解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。该句主语为Qian，是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单数形式；根据语境可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时；主语Qian和动词appoint之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。句意：钱学森一回到中国，就被任命为位于北京的中国科学院力学研究所所长。答案：was appointed5解析：考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，空处作前面的名词短语an atomic bomb的后置定语，由句中的by a medium and short range missile可知，该名词
34、短语和动词deliver之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。答案：delivered6解析：考查介词。contribute to为固定搭配，意为“对做出贡献”。句意：他还为中国在1970年发射第一颗卫星做出了贡献。答案：to7解析：考查非谓语动词。介词后通常接名词、代词、动名词作宾语，根据介词for可知，空处用动名词形式。答案：providing8解析：考查词性转换。副词修饰形容词。空处修饰形容词influential，故用副词形式。句意：直到2009年去世，他在推动航空航天项目和其他领域的系统工程方面十分有影响力。答案：especially9解析：考查名词的单复数。area为可数名词，根据other和常识可知，除航空航天外的其他领域有许多，故用复数形式。答案：areas10解析：考查冠词。此处泛指“一位先驱和奠基人”，故用不定冠词；pioneering的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。答案：a