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1、【基础达标练】基础默写.单词背诵阅读词汇词义默写1crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的2objective n目标；目的 adj.客观的3botanical adj.植物学的4distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的5property n性质；特征；财产6extract n提取物；摘录 vt.提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出7substance n物质；物品；事实根据8circumstance nusually pl.条件；环境；状况9infer vt.推断；推定10patent n专利；专利证书；获得专利 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的11extraordinary adj.
2、不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的12institute n(教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑13consequence n结果；后果14encounter vt.偶然碰到；遇到 n邂逅；遭遇写作词汇词形默写15vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的16boil vt.& vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开n.沸腾；沸点17liquid n液体adj.液体的；液态的18obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行19defeat n失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜20insist vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求21mostly adv.主要地；一般地22flee
3、vi.& vt.迅速离开；逃跑23flow n流；流动；流畅；供应 vi.流；流动24found vt.创建；建立；把建立在25theory n理论；学说26genius n天才；天资；天赋27passion n酷爱；激情28professor n教授29device n方法；技巧；装置；仪器30sum vi.总结；概括 n金额；款项；总数；总和拓展词汇词形变化31commit vt.承诺；保证 vi.忠于；全心全意投入committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的commitment n承诺；致力32academy n(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校academic a
4、dj.学业的；学术的33evaluate vt.评价；评估evaluation n评价；评估34acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢acknowledged adj.公认的acknowledgement n承认；感谢35analyse vt.分析analysis n分析36apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然37scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的science n科学scientist n科学家38conclude vt.推断出；得出结论；使结束 vi.结束；终止conclusion n结
5、论；推论39gentle adj.温柔的；文静的gently adv.轻轻地；温和地gentleness n温顺；亲切40gradual adj.逐渐的；平缓的gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地.核心短语默写1millions of成千上万2lead to导致3die from/of死于4commit oneself to do承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)5in the beginning起初6a collection of一批；一堆7by chance偶然；意外地8more than超过，多于9insist on坚决要求10due to由于11be able to能够12i
6、n fact实际上，事实上13risk ones life冒生命危险14take up拿起；接受；开始从事15come to power(开始)掌权；上台16as a consequence结果17take up a position担任；任职18sum up总结；概括.教材原句补全1In 1967，the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria，and Tu Youyou was among the first re
7、searchers chosen1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。2In the beginning，Tu Youyou went to Hainan，where malaria was more common，to study malaria patients.起初，屠呦呦去了疟疾比较普遍的海南，研究疟疾患者。3While working there，out of a strong passion for knowledge，he continued to study，earning a doctorate in physic
8、s in 1905.当(爱因斯坦)在那里工作时，出于对知识的强烈热情，他继续学习，在1905年获得了物理学博士学位。4He had a thick moustache and long white hair，which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock他胡须浓密，头发又长又白，有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。5On 18 April 1955，it was reported that Einstein had passed away，and the whole world mourned
9、 the great loss of a brilliant scientist.1955年4月18日，据报道，爱因斯坦去世了，全世界都为失去这位杰出的科学家而哀悼。语言运用.单句语法填空1We didnt have enough money to pay our bus fares，and in consequence (consequent)we had to walk.2Jason is very interested in current affairs and he wants to be a politician(politics)3The serious illness grad
10、ually(gradual)destroys your nerves，making you weak and unable to walk.4It is said that Tom has committed himself to working(work)for our company.5If we are to make a difference in life，its vital that we (should)begin(begin)with small things.6He acknowledged donating/having donated(donate)a great dea
11、l of money to the flooded area.7He insisted that he hadnt done anything wrong and that he (should)be set (set)free.8Upon/On finishing it，I was struck by the feeling that it was the best composition I had ever written.9He learned later that it was his carelessness that led to his failure in the exam.
12、10The organization was formed in 1996，with the objective of providing help for those in need.一句多译/句式升级1重要的是我们应从失败中吸取教训。正如谚语所说，“失败乃成功之母”。(vital)Whats vital is that we should learn something from failure.Just as the saying goes，“Failure is the mother of success.”(主语从句)Its vital that we(should)learn so
13、mething from failure.Just as the saying goes，“Failure is the mother of success.”(it作形式主语)2他一生献身于和平事业。(commit)He committed himself to working for peace all through his life.He was committed to working for peace all through his life.3我从自己的经历中得出结论：有志者，事竟成。 I have concluded from my own experiences that
14、where there is a will there is a way.(conclude)I have drawn a conclusion from my own experiences that where there is a will there is a way.(conclusion)4他一听到这个消息就高兴得跳了起来。He jumped with joy as soon as he heard the news(as soon as)On/Upon hearing the news，he jumped with joy.(on/upon)5The old man has tw
15、o daughters，and both of them work as doctors.The old man has two daughters，both of whom work as doctors.6(2019全国卷)Last but not least，while I was working as a volunteer for Expo 2010 Shanghai，I accumulated much experience.Last but not least，while working as a volunteer for Expo 2010 Shanghai，I accumu
16、lated much experience.(while省略句)7Because class was over，the students went out of the room.Class over，the students went out of the room.(独立主格)【模拟提升练】.阅读理解In the magnificent range of mountains of northern California，42 radio telescopes point towards the stars，scanning for signs of life.The Search for
17、Extraterrestrial Intelligence(SETI)Institute has been listening for a signal here since it was founded in 1984.Jill Tarter，its cofounder，says the programmes aim is not just to communicate with remote civilisations.It is also to remind human beings of their own modest，fragile(脆弱的)place in the univers
18、e.Thus，for the first time，SETI is cocking its ear towards Earth to look for a signal that can be sent into space to represent the species.Felipe Perez Santiago，a Mexican musician and composer，has an idea of what might work.Since songs，like the human voices，are common to all languages and nations，he
19、and Ms.Tarter have designed the “Earthling Project”a call to people everywhere to upload extracts(选录)of the songs that he plans to melt into a collective human chorus.An initial composition will be launched into space this summer，recorded on a virtually indestructible disk.Future plans and dreams in
20、clude an eventual landing on Mars.Human music has been sent to space in 1977.Distant beings can in theory already enjoy Peruvian panpipes，Bach，Beethoven and more.But no previous offering，and perhaps no composition undertaken anywhere，has tried to encompass the entire diversity of the human song.Mr.S
21、antiago says he is thrilled about bringing together contributors from around the globe.“Unlike other recordings sent into space，” says Mr.Santiago，“everyones invited.You dont have to be one of the main composers of our history like Beethoven，just someone singing in their shower.” Download the “Earth
22、ling Project” app，sing up to three songs of 30 seconds each，and your voice will be sent into space.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了墨西哥音乐家、作曲家Felipe Perez Santiago等人设计了一个名为Earthling Project 的项目，旨在收集各地人们的歌声，这些歌声将会被发送到太空。1Why does SETI look for a signal to be sent into space?ATo stand for species on Earth.BTo scan fo
23、r other liveable planets.CTo respond to the call of the universe.DTo stress the importance of Earth.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Thus，for the first time.can be sent into space to represent the species.”可知，SETI寻找发往太空的信号是为了能够代表地球上的物种。答案：A2What can we infer about the “Earthling Project”？AIt is a world music orga
24、nization.BIt intends to create a human chorus.CIt tries to develop a universal language.DIt aims to search for signals from space.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“a call to people everywhere.into a collective human chorus”可以推断，Earthling Project旨在收集各地人们的歌声，创建一个人类合唱团。答案：B3What does the underlined word “encompass” in
25、paragraph 3 mean?AInclude.BAppreciate.CWork out. DRelate to.解析：词义猜测题。此处想表达的应是“但是，之前没有任何作品，或许也没有任何地方进行的任何作曲，试图将人类歌曲的全部多样性包含进去”，因此画线词的意思应该为“包括”。答案：A4What is the purpose of the last paragraph?ATo inspire people to become composers.BTo call on people to protect our planet.CTo encourage people to explore
26、 space.DTo invite people to join the programme.解析：写作目的题。根据最后一段中的“Download theEarthing Project app，sing up to three songs of 30 seconds each，and your voice will be sent into space.”可知，最后一段作者是在邀请人们参与这个项目。答案：D.阅读七选五Giving generously and receiving gratefully make it easier to live happily with others._1
27、_Let me start with the idea of giving generously._2_ For example，my husband and I have family members who only contact us when they need money.We usually accept their requests，but we rarely receive a “thank you”Most people would say that my husband and I are being used，and I suppose we are.But when
28、we give，we shouldnt be giving for the purpose of getting gratitude or praise._3_The good news is that when we lead our lives being nice to others，our lives run more smoothly.If youre generous，yes，some people will use you.But if you practice being generous，most of your relationships will improve._4_
29、I truly believe that you cannot say “thank you” enough when you receive.We so often get lazy about expressing gratitude.Parents can feel unappreciated by their children，and teachers can feel unappreciated by their students.Do you think it unnecessary to thank them when receiving just because a task
30、is part of someones job description？Thats wrong!Words of appreciation make others feel good about themselves like nothing else.Its good for us to say “thank you” because we regularly need to remind ourselves of how lucky we are._5_If you are looking for a way to improve your life，I can give you one：
31、Give generously and receive gratefully.AThus，saying “thank you” can bring us good luck.BRather，we should be giving because its a good thing.CAnd hearing those two words can make us feel great for days.DAnd at the same time，we should remember to receive gratefully.EIn return，we are to help others by
32、giving them our time or money.FI think people are unwilling to be generous to others for fear of being used.GYet，why do we have such difficulty achieving these things in our relationships?语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。慷慨地给予、感激地接受会让我们与别人相处的时候更容易快乐。本文分析了我们难做到这两件事的原因以及这两件事对我们的好处。1解析：空前一句讲到慷慨地给予、感激地接受会让我们与别人相处的时候更容易快乐，再
33、结合下文讲到的我们在给予和接受的时候面临的问题可知，空处应该会讲到这两件事情难以做到，故G项符合语境。答案：G2解析：空前一句讲到了“让我从慷慨地给予说起”，再根据空后例子中的“Most people would say that my husband and I are being used，and I suppose we are.”可知，空处讲到的应该是人们不愿意慷慨地给予的原因是怕被利用，所以F项符合语境。答案：F3解析：空前一句讲的是当我们给予的时候，我们不应该带着收到感激或赞扬的目的，因此B项(相反，我们应该因这是件好事而去给予)符合语境。答案：B4解析：结合本段内容可知，本段主要讲了全文话题的第二点“receiving gratefully”，故D项适合作本段的主旨句。答案：D5解析：本段讲的是感谢之言的好处，空前一句讲的是说“谢谢你”对我们是有好处的，而C项表述的是听到“谢谢你”的好处，与此处匹配。A项“所以，说谢谢你会给我们带来好运”与上文不衔接，故排除。答案：C