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1、Unit 1 Science and ScientistsReading for writingWhat makes great scientists?made a great contribution.made great achievements.succeeded in their scientific career.overcome many difficulties.LeadinAre you familiar with the people in the picture below?QianXuesenQianXuesenStephenHawkingStephenHawkingTh
2、ey are the greatest scientists in different fileds.How much do you know about them？19111911:_in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province19341934：graduated from_PH.D degreePH.D degree：_and mathematicsOccupationOccupation:_ and researcher19551955:_ China19561956:_ the first research institute of rockets ans missile
3、sTitle(Title(头衔):Father of _October 31,2009October 31,2009:_Famous sayingFamous saying：_ is in China;_is in China;_ is in China.Watch the video and learn about Qian Xuesen.returned toreturned toChinas MissilesChinas MissilesaerospaceaerospaceteacherteacherBorn inBorn inShanghaiShanghaiJiao Tong Univ
4、ersityJiao Tong Universityset upset uppassed awaypassed awayMy careerMy careerMy successMy successMy destinationMy destinationPatrioticThefatherofChinasAerospacePassage1Task1Readthepassage1carefullyandputthefollowingsentencesinorder.A.QianXuesenreturnedtoChina.B.Chinasuccessfullylauncheditsfirstman-
5、madesatellite.C.QianXuesenswitchedhismajortoaviation.D.QianXuesenattendedShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity.E.ChinadevelopedtheDongfengmisslesandLongMarchrockets.F.QianXuesen,togetherwithotherpeople,foundedtheJetPropulsionLaboratory.DCFAEBTask2Reading1.WhatcausedQianXuesentoswitchhismajor?A.Theoutbreakofaba
6、ttle.B.Thesuggestionofhisparents.C.Thepromisingfutureofaviation.D.ThelossofinterestinRailwayMechanicalEngineering.2.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThehistoryofChinasaerospace.B.WhatmadeQianXuesenoutstanding.C.TheachievementsChinamadeinaerospace.D.QianXuesenscontributionstoChinasaerospace.3.Whichoft
7、hefollowingcanbestdescribeQianXuesen?A.HumorousanddevotedB.Patrioticandknowledgeable.C.Stong-willedandcautiousD.Outstandingandproud.A World of Pure ThoughtPassage 2Stephen Hawking(1942-2018)physicist/mathematicianfamous scientist known for his theory about black holes and big bangs:A Brief History o
8、f TimeQ Q：HowwasHawkingsowntheoryHowwasHawkingsowntheoryprovencorrect?provencorrect?Lookatthepicturesandthetitlesofthetexts.Canyoupredict:PredictionPara1.StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousandgiftedscientistsinphysics.Mostpeoplearefamiliarwithimagesofhiminhiswheelchair,unabletomoveandusingacomputert
9、otalk.Sincehecamedownwithadiseasewhichcausedhimtolosetheuseofmostofhismuscles,hisworldbecameoneofabstractthought.Hawkingfirstachievedfamewhenhewasstillhealthyenoughtowalk,asagraduatestudentinphysicsatCambridgeUniversityin1964.Ingeneral,thereweretwomaintheoriesontheoriginoftheuniverse.Thefirstwasthes
10、teadystatetheory稳恒态理论,whichholdsthattheuniversehasnobeginningorend.Theotherwasthebigbangtheory,whichholdsthattheuniversebeganatasinglepointintimeandspace.ThebiggestchampionofthesteadystateconceptwasFredHoyle,aprofessoratCambridge.DuringthequestionandanswerperiodafteroneofHoyleslectures,Hawkingstoodu
11、pandpointedoutthatHoylehadmadeamistakeinhismaths.Oncethemathswascorrected,itshowedthatthebigbangtheoryandnotthesteadystatetheoryswastrue.Hawkingsownworkonthebigbangtheorywassoonprovenbyastronomerswithtelescopes.Astarwasborn.Para2.1.What are the two theories on the origin of the universe?2.How was Ha
12、wkings own theory proven correct?So,WhatmadeStephenHawkingagenius?Besidesbeingbrilliant,hewasbrave,thoughsometimescarelessinwhathesaidordid.Hewaswillingtosaywhatotherswereafraidtosay,andtodreamofwhatothers were afraid to dream about.Furthermore,he was quitedetermined.Thishadhelpedhimasascientist,and
13、hadhelpedhimevenmoreinhisfightagainsthisdisease.Aboveall,Hawkingwaswillingtoadmithisfaults.Thisoddcombinationofcharacteristicshadmadehimoneofthegreatestthinkersofthe20thand21stcenturies.Q.What qualities did Hawking have?Para3.A world of pure thought Para.1 Para.2 Para.3 qualtitiesBrief introductionH
14、is storyhis gift and image2 theories on the origin of the universeSteady state theoryBig ban thoryquestioning spirit/courageousbrilliant,bravedeterminedfrankTask 1.Qian changed his major because of a shift in personal interest.（）2.Qians strong interest in art has a positive impact on a scientists de
15、velopment.（）FTHis deep appreciation for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research.Read it quickly and decide if the statements are T or F.3.When Hawking was young,almost everyone believed that the universe began with a big bang.4.Because Hawking was determined,he was able to succeed
16、even though he was ill.FTUnderline the linking words and phrases in the passages,and describe their function.P9 3表示转折表示转折表示原因表示原因表示递进表示递进表示转折表示转折表示原因表示原因表示转折表示转折表示解释说明表示解释说明衔接词语(linking words)是语篇衔接的纽带,表达的逻辑意义包括时间关系、空间关系、列举和顺序、例证、递进、对比和转折、等同和替换、过渡和总结、结果和推论等,其中多数是衔接性状语。表示强调表示强调表示时间表示时间表示转折表示转折表示总结表示总结
17、表示结果表示结果表示表示承接承接表示承接表示承接Important language pointsThefatherofChinasAerospacePassage1PerhapsnootherscientisthashadagreaterimpactonChinasaerospacesciencethanQianXuesen.DescribedbytheauthorsoftheStory of Qian Xuesen asamanwithgreatscientificthoughtandscientificspiritwhowas patriotic and served his homel
18、and with effort,achievement,and devotion,Qian was an extremelywell-respectedman.haveagreateffecton对.有巨大影响haveagreatinfluenceon对.有很大的影响Para1BorninHangzhouin1911,QianattendedschoolsinBeijingandthenenteredShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitytostudyRailwayMechanicalEngineering.However，afterthe Songhu Battle broke
19、 out in 1932，Qian made thedecision to switch his major to aviation because herealisedthatChinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectanddefend thecountry.(2)defencen.防御;保卫breakdown出故障;失败;垮掉;分解breakup 打碎;分裂;解体Para2However，aftertheSonghuBattlebrokeoutin1932，Qianmadethedecisiontoswitchhismajortoaviationb
20、ecauseherealisedthatChinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectanddefend thecountry.1.breakout爆发；突然开始【break其他短语】breakdownbreakupbreakinbreakintobreakoffbreakthroughbreakawayfrom2.defendvt.保卫；防守；辩解【拓展】【拓展】defend._.保护保护.免受免受.defend sb _n.防御；保护；保卫_保卫；为.辩护against为某人辩护defenceindefenceof即学即练即学即练 单句语法填空单句语法
21、填空1.Theydidntgivehimachance_(defend)himself.2.Thewallwasbuiltasa_(defend)againsttheenemyattacks.3.Exercisecandefendpeople_illness.完成句子4.不要再为他辩解了。很显然他是故意弄坏了花园的栅栏，甚至都不道歉。Dont_anymore.Itsobviousthathedeliberateltdestroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutapology.5.我们所有的警察都接受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。Allourpolicemenar
22、etrainedto_knifeattacks.6.我得为她说句话，她对此事一无所知。Ihavetosay_thatsheknewnothingaboutit.todefenddefenceagainstdefendhimdefendourselvesagainstindefenceofher用所给词组的适当形式完成句子（可重复使用）7.Themeetingdidnt_untilnoon.8.Abigfire_inthetownlastnight.9.Dont_whileothersarespeaking.10.Aftertenyearsofhardwork,hishealth_.11.Weh
23、opeto_sooninthefightagainstAIDS.12.Ahousewas_betweenmidnightand4a.m.13.ThenthecarIwasin_,soIhadtowalkhome.14.Thetwocountries_theirdiplomaticrelationsbecauseofthewar.breakupbrokeoutbreakinbreakingdownbreakthroughbrokenintobrokedownbrokeoffQian went tothe United States in1935topursue his graduatestudi
24、es.Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s,Qian became apioneer in American jet and rocket technology.As a graduateassistantattheCaliforniainstituteofTechnologyduringthe1930s,Qianhelpedconductimportantresearchintorocketpropulsion,andinthe1940s,heandseveralotherpeoplefoundedtheJetPropulsionLaboratory,
25、nowoneofNASASleadingspace-explorationcentres.攻读研究生Para3AfterovercomingsomedifficultiesduringhisfinalfewyearsintheUSQianreturnedtoChinain1955.HereceivedaheroswelcomefromhishomelandandwasputinchargeofnotonlydevelopingChinasrocketsciencebutalsoitsspaceandmissile programme.Atthattime,Chinawaspooranditsr
26、ocketsciencewasundeveloped.NoinstituteoruniversityinChina offered rocket science as a major,and there were no talents orexpertsinthisfieldinChina.Nevertheless,Qiandidnotletthatdiscouragehimfromtakingonthechallenge.WhenaskedCanweChinesepossiblymakemissiles?”hisreplywasadeterminedWhynot?WeChineseareab
27、letomakethesamethingsthatotherpeoplemake.”(1)take charge of掌管/负责in the charge of 受的管理;由负责adv.然而；尽管如此；不过；仍然conj.然而；尽管如此discouragesbfromdoing劝阻某人不要做某事;阻止某人做某事;打消某人做某事的念头Para4chargev要价；收费；指控；职责;充电charge.for.charge.withcharge.upchargen.责任，掌管；指控，指责；要价，收费inchargeofinthechargeoftakechargeoffreeofcharge就.向.
28、收费因.控告/指责.负责；掌管由.负责/掌管掌管/负责.免费(给.)充电即学即练即学即练 单句语法填空单句语法填空1.Theyleftmeincharge_thechildrenforaweek.2.Iamleavingtheschool_yourcharge.3.Howmuchdidtheycharge_therepairs?4.Hewascharged_theft.完成句子5.他父亲去世后他掌管了农场。He_thefarmafterhisfatherdied.6.他给我理发，收费10元。He_10yuan_thehaircut.同义句转换7.Heisinchrgeofthenewspape
29、rsadvertismentsection.Thenewspapersadvertisementsection_.Thenewspapersadvertisementsection_.ofinforwithtookchargeofisinthechargeofhimchargedmeforisinhischargeUnder Qians leadership,China developed the Dongfengmissiles,followedbythefirstgenerationofLongMarchrockets.In1970,Chinasuccessfullylaunchedits
30、firstman-madesatellite,DongFangHongI,fromaLongMarchrocket.Becausemuchofthe technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also be tracedbacktoQiansresearch,QianearnedthenameofthefatherofChinasaerospace.”undersb.sleadership在某人的带领下tracebackto追溯到trace.to.追查到Para5Why was Qian called“the father of Chinas aer
31、ospace”?BecausemuchofthetechnologybehindtheShenzhourocketscanalsobetracedbacktoQiansresearch,QianearnedthenameofthefatherofChinasaerospace.”trace v.追溯；追踪；查出追溯；追踪；查出 n.n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹痕迹；遗迹；踪迹【拓展】【拓展】disappear without(a)trace【即学即用】【即学即用】完成句子完成句子1.警方正在设法追踪一辆白色卡车。Thepolicearetryingto_.2.警方搜索了那一地区，但未发现越狱逃犯的任何
32、踪迹。Policesearchedthatareabutfound_theescapedprisoners.追溯到消失得无影无踪traceawhitetrucknotraceofQian read a lot and was extremely knowledgeable,especiallyintheareaoffrontierscienceresearch.However,whatmighthavemadehimsuchanoutstanding andcreativescientistwasprobablyhisstronginterestinotherthings,suchasmusi
33、canddrawing.Hisdeepappreciationforartoftengavehiminspirationinhisscientificresearch.Para6have/has strong interest in.对有浓厚的兴趣。仿写7:被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平热爱运动,喜欢游泳和排球。Yuan Longping who is known as the“father of hybrid rice”has a strong interest in sports,such as swmming and playing volleyball.However,whatmigh
34、thavemadehimsuchanoutstanding andcreativescientistwasprobablyhisstronginterestinotherthings,suchasmusicanddrawing.Hisdeepappreciationforartoftengavehiminspirationinhisscientificresearch.outstanding adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的优秀的；杰出的；明显的【拓展】【拓展】stand for【即学即用】同义句转换【即学即用】同义句转换1.Twothingswereoutstandinginthecreati
35、onoftheEnglishsystemofcanals.Twothings_inthecreationoftheEnglishsystemofcanals.完成句子2.如果有机会，约翰也许已成为一位杰出的画家了。Giventhechance,Johnmighthavebecme_.3.面对危险，他展示出了非凡的勇气。Facedwithdanger,heshowed_.象征；代表突出；显眼anoutstandingpainteroutstandingcouragestoodoutOn31October2009,thewholecountrywassaddenedbyQiansdeath,and
36、peoplehonouredandrememberedhimindifferentways.Para7On 22 May 2021,the whole country was saddened by Yuans death.on+具体时间,sb.passed away.on+具体时间,the whole country was saddened by Qians death.A World of Pure ThoughtPassage 2StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousandgiftedscientistsinphysics.giftedadj.有天赋的；
37、有天才的；天资聪慧的【拓展】【拓展】_ n.天赋；礼物天赋；礼物 have a gift _ 对对.有天赋有天赋 be gifted _ 在在.有天赋有天赋【即学即用】1.Heisoneofthemost_(gift)playersintheworld.2.Hehasagift_makingeveryoneatease.giftforingiftedinSince he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles，his world became one of abstract
38、 thought.A.recover from B.suffer from C.come from D.benefit from 读一读读一读 细观察细观察1.Thepriceofgasiscoming down.含义_2.Thecoldraincame downatduskandtheyhadtoquit.含义_3.Wewereforcedtocomedowninafield.含义_4.Theceilingcamedownwithaterrificcrash.含义_(价格等下降，降低)降落，落下(着陆，降落)(崩塌，坍塌)即学即练即学即练 单句语法填空单句语法填空1.Unlikily,heh
39、ascomedown_araredisease.完成句子2.你认为房价会下降吗?Doyouthinkhousepriceswill_?阅读下列句子，匹配阅读下列句子，匹配come down(with)含义含义3.Thecurtaincamedownafterthefirstact._4.ABoeing737camedownontheM1motorway._5.Hehascomedownwithacold,soheaskedforleave._6.Thepriceofpetroliscomingdownbyfourpenceagallon._withcomedownCBDA 下降 B 降落 C 落下 D 染上（小病）ASummaryScientificSpiritPragraph1:BriefintroductionPragraph2:Quality1Pragraph3:Quality2Pragraph4:Quality3.significanceofthescientificspirit&inspirationyougetfromitstorystorystoryintimeorder,usinglinkingwordsandphrases