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1、专题05 押阅读理解之记叙文人物故事类的阅读理解是中考英语的常考材料之一。这类文章般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。1. 人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。2. 短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的态度及意图，故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查考生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。“四步骤”：一、读问题与选项，弄清考查要点；二、带着问题浏览全文，掌握大意；三、细读原文，
2、捕捉相关信息词；四、重读原文，核对答案。1. 细节理解题(1) 解题技巧：直接细节理解题的答案几乎可以直接从原文中找出来，考生只要将题干中的关键词与原文进行对照，就能找到答案。间接细节理解题需要根据题干中的关键词，在文章中找到相关的段落或句子，并转换成选项中的表述。全文细节理解题需要结合全文多点归纳，综合事实找答案。2. 主旨大意题(1) 考查形式：全文大意；标题归纳；段落大意；文章主题(2021)。(2) 解题技巧：开门见山式：主题句出现在文首。开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、论证或发展主题思想。藏头露尾式：主题句出现在文末。首尾呼应式：在有些文章中，为了突出主题，文章开头提出主题，接
3、着进行阐述或论证，在结尾时再次点明主题，进一步深化主题。藏龙卧虎式：主题句隐藏在全文当中，没有明确的主题句时，考生可根据文章的细节来分析、概括推导出文章的主题。具体方法是：明确各个段落的内容以及它们之间的逻辑关系，寻找共同点，然后加以归纳形成主题。3. 推理判断题(1) 考查形式：针对特定细节进行推理；推断隐含意义；对作者的观点、态度、倾向、语气的判断；根据文章体裁和内容判断出处或文章为谁而写；推断人物情绪或性格；推断文章类型(2022)。(2) 解题技巧：正确选项一般是由文中事实推断出的另一个正确的事实，而不是文章细节的直接陈述；既不能作出在原文中找不到依据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息进行
4、多余推理；切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。4. 词义猜测题(1) 考查形式：用英语解释英语；用汉语解释英语。(2) 解题技巧：逻辑关系猜词义；同义词/近义词/反义词猜词义；定义或释义说明猜词义；常识和经验猜词义；根据上下文语境猜词义；构词法猜词义；通过举例猜词义。5. 数字计算题(1) 考查形式：询问价钱、个数、天数等。(2) 解题技巧：先确定票的单价，再确定人数；先确定开始及结束的个数/天数，再确定需要的个数、持续的天数等。(3) 常见的命题形式：If , they should pay _. will/want to , how much should pay?
5、（2022宁夏统考中考真题）My aunt Nancy is a truck driver. When she left school, she didnt know what she wanted to do, so she went to work in a supermarket. One day, she was talking to one of the truck drivers at the supermarket, and she got the idea to drive a truck herself. She went home and told her parents
6、(my grandparents), and they thought it was a good idea.Nancys journeys are different every day, and she goes to every part of the country. She enjoys the driving, but she says that one day, she would like to get a job with a different company (公司) so that she can drive to more places.Nancy says she
7、likes being out on the road, seeing new towns all the time, but the best thing about driving trucks for her is talking to everyone she sees during her working day. She also says the trucks are comfortable, so she doesnt mind sleeping in them. For her, they are her home on wheels!I asked my grandpare
8、nts what they thought about Nancys job. They are happy that Nancy is happy, so they dont want her to change jobs. But they worry about her because its sometimes a dangerous job and she spends a lot of time away from home.1Where did Nancy get the idea to be a truck driver?AAt school.BAt the supermark
9、et.CIn her truck.DOn the road.2What does Paragraph 2 tell us about Nancys job?AShe drives all around the world.BShe often drives to the same places.CShe would like to be a taxi driver.DShe hopes to work for a different company in the future.3What does Nancy like best about her job?ATalking with diff
10、erent people.BTravelling to different places.CSleeping in the trucks.DTasting delicious food.4What do Nancys parents think about her job?AThey dont like her job at all.BThey are glad that its a perfect job.CThey believe the job has some problems.DThey would like Nancy to do a different job.【答案】1B 2D
11、 3A 4C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了我的姑姑Nancy作为一名卡车司机的故事，包括Nancy如何产生开卡车的想法以及Nancy与她的家人对这份工作的态度。1细节理解题。根据“One day, she was talking to one of the truck drivers at the supermarket, and she got the idea to drive a truck herself.”可知Nancy在超市和一个卡车司机聊天，然后产生了开卡车的想法。故选B。2细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知Nancy的旅程每天都不一样，她去了全国的每一个地方。她喜欢开车并且她
12、想去一家不同的公司，以便能去更多的地方。故选D。3细节理解题。根据“but the best thing about driving trucks for her is talking to everyone she sees during her working day.”可知，对她来说开卡车最棒的就是能和工作期间见到的每个人交谈。故选A。4推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，父母很高兴Nancy满意自己的工作，所以父母并不想让她换一份工作。但同时他们也担心Nancy，因为这有时是一份危险的工作，她要离开家很长时间。说明他们认为这份工作还有些问题。故选C。（2022山东东营统考中考真题）Im
13、good in school. I do my work and study a lot, but for some reason, I have a very bad habit of losing things.Last summer, I was on vacation with my family at the beach. On the first day, my father gave me a watch to take the place of the one I had lost the year before. “You need to have a watch, so t
14、ake good care of this one,” he said.The next day, I went swimming. The sun was shining on the water. The water was warm and beautiful. I swam. I floated (漂浮). I dove (潜水). I really enjoyed being in the water.By the time I returned to beach, I was quite tired so I lay down. At that moment, I remember
15、ed my watch and looked to see what time it was. But it was gone! I searched all afternoon, but I could not find it.That night at dinner, I arrived with my sleeves (衣袖) pulled down, hoping no one would notice that I didnt have my watch.My sister asked, “What time is it?”“Ask Tom,” my mother said. “He
16、 has the expensive new watch.”Dad looked at me and said, “Dont tell me that youve lost the watch already!”“No!” I said. I was sweating (出汗) with great fear. I knew I was going to be caught in a terrible lie (谎言). Just then, there was an announcement，“Ladies and gentlemen, a very nice watch was found
17、 on the beach today. If you lost one and can identify (确认) it, please come to the front desk.” Immediately (立刻), I knew what I had to do. I slowly got up, with my whole family staring at me. I went to the desk. There it was. The watch was not broken. It was still working.I walked back to the table,
18、sat down and said in a low voice, “Im sorry I didnt tell the truth.” My family smiled. They knew that I had finally learned my lesson.5Toms father gave him a new watch because Tom _.Aneeded oneBwas on vacationCdisliked his old oneDbehaved well at school6What did Tom do when he found the watch was go
19、ne?AHe told his father about that.BHe asked the front desk for help.CHe spent all afternoon searching for it.DHe did nothing and continued lying on the beach.7How might Tom feel after saying “No”?AUpset.BWorried.CRelaxed.DDisappointed.8Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?ATom
20、 studies hard.BTom swims well.CTom always tells lies.DTom often loses things.9What does the underlined word “lesson” in the last sentence refer to?ATake good care of our things.BIts important to listen to parents.CWe should excuse others mistakes.DFace mistakes bravely rather than telling lies.【答案】5
21、A 6C 7B 8C 9A【导语】本文讲述了作者有个爱丢东西的习惯，在去年夏天，作者又丢失了爸爸新给他买的手表，不过最后失而复得，但从这次经历中作者也懂得了：要保管好自己的东西，不再说谎。5细节理解题。根据“You need to have a watch, so take good care of this one”可知，因为Tom需要手表，所以爸爸给他买了一块新的，故选A。6细节理解题。根据“I searched all afternoon, but I could not find it.”可知，他花费了整整一个下午都在找手表，故选C。7细节理解题。根据“I was sweating (
22、出汗) with great fear.”可知，他说了“不”之后，他很害怕很担心，故选B。8推理判断题。根据“I said. I was sweating (出汗) with great fear. I knew I was going to be caught in a terrible lie (谎言). ”可知，Tom这次撒谎了，自己认为是可怕的谎言，且自己感觉到巨大的恐惧，说明他平时不撒谎，故选C。9词义猜测题。根据“I walked back to the table, sat down and said in a low voice, Im sorry I didnt tell t
23、he truth. My family smiled. They knew that I had finally learned my lesson.”可知，家人知道Tom吸取了教训，所以单词“lesson”指的是“我们要好好照看我们的东西”，故选A。（2022山东东营统考中考真题）When my sister Becky was young, she was bitten (咬) by a dog. From that day on, she didnt like dogs. But all of that changed when my uncle had to be away for a
24、 week. My uncle left his dog with us to take care of. The dogs name was Rex, and he was huge. Poor Rex liked following my sister around very much. She hated that because of her fear of dogs.One day, to get away from (摆脱) Rex, my sister tied him to a chair in the yard and went for a walk in the fores
25、t. She looked back and saw him pulling at his rope (绳), but he still stayed there. While walking in the forest, Becky suddenly saw some wolves eating a deer(鹿) that had just been killed. Normally, wolves would not attack (攻击) a human, but when they are eating, they can be very dangerous, especially
26、for a child. Slowly, the wolves began to move towards Becky, making a circle around her. She was close to a tree, so she caught a lower branch (树枝) quickly and tried to climb up the tree. One of the wolves caught her foot. Luckily, she was able to pull herself up, but her foot was badly hurt. She sh
27、outed for help, but no one was around. She thought she was going to die. Suddenly, Rex appeared. There he was, running through the forest, pulling the chair. It was not easy for Rex, but he made his way to Becky in the tree. He attacked the wolves, soon they ran off.When Becky and Rex got home, ever
28、yone was shocked and happy that Rex had saved my sister. He licked (舔) her face as the doctor treated (治疗) her foot. Now, Rex is my sisters favorite friend in the world. The doctor told her, “A dog is a mans best friend.” My sister smiled and added, “And a girls best friend, too.”10What does the und
29、erlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指的是)?AA dog bit her.BRex was huge.CRex followed her around.DHer uncle left Rex with them.11The right order of the following statements is _. Becky shouted for help Becky climbed up the tree Becky saw Rex running to her Becky was circled by wolvesABCD12Rex
30、 could beat wolves because he wanted to _.Abe a heroBmake Becky happyCprotect his ownerDget food from wolves13Why did Becky change her attitude to Rex? Because _.ARex was poorBRex saved her lifeCRex licked her faceDRex attacked the wolves14According to the passage, what will most probably happen nex
31、t?ABecky will often play with Rex.BBecky will never go to the forest.CBecky would like Rex not to follow her.DBecky will return Rex to her uncle happily.【答案】10C 11D 12C 13B 14A【导语】本文讲述了Becky小时候被狗咬过，所以不喜欢狗，后来Becky在森林里被狼围攻，Rex及时出现，救了Becky，Becky开始喜欢狗的故事。10词义猜测题。根据“Poor Rex liked following my sister aro
32、und very much. She hated that because of her fear of dogs.”可知，可怜的Rex非常喜欢跟着作者的姐姐，但是她讨厌狗跟着她，因为她害怕狗。所以单词“that”指代的是“狗跟着她”这件事，故选C。11细节理解题。根据“Slowly, the wolves began to move towards Becky, making a circle around her . tried to climb up the tree. One of the wolves caught her foot . She shouted for help, b
33、ut no one was around . Suddenly, Rex appeared. There he was, running through the forest, pulling the chair.”可知，故事发生的正确顺序是：Becky被狼群围攻，她爬到了树上，狼咬住了她的脚，她呼救，最后看到狗向她跑来，结合选项可知，D选项的顺序符合，故选D。12推理判断题。根据“. He attacked the wolves, soon they ran off.”以及“He licked (舔) her face as the doctor treated (治疗) her foot.
34、”可知，Rex打败狼群是因为他想救她的主人，故选C。13细节理解题。根据“Now, Rex is my sisters favorite friend in the world. The doctor told her, A dog is a mans best friend. My sister smiled and added, And a girls best friend, too. ”可知，因为狗救了她的命，所以她改变对狗的态度，故选B。14推理判断题。根据“Now, Rex is my sisters favorite friend in the world. The doctor
35、 told her, A dog is a mans best friend. My sister smiled and added, And a girls best friend, too. ”可知，Becky现在已经喜欢Rex了，所以故事接下来应该是Becky经常会和Rex一起玩，故选A。（2022辽宁丹东统考中考真题）It was a fine day. The sun was shining and the wind was gentle.The kids were playing in their backyard. Suddenly a little cat got stuck
36、(卡住) under the fence (篱芭). The kids tried to free the cat, but they couldnt. So they asked their mother for help. The mother freed the cat. The cat looked so cute that the kids asked their mother if they could keep it. The mother said, “I dont mind myself, but you must ask your father, too.”The kids
37、 waited anxiously (焦急地) for their dad back from work. When they heard their father opening the door, they both shouted loudly at the same time, “Hi, daddy!”“You are surely happier than usual to see me today. Whats up?” her father said.“Nothing daddy. We just love you so much,” the girl replied. Then
38、 their mother said, “Go ahead. Ask your dad.”The girl told her dad what had happened and asked to keep the cat. The father said, “No, you cant. We have fed five cats up till now. Your mommy and I have no time to take care of any more.” Hearing this, the kids looked unhappy.Seeing the sad looks on th
39、e kids faces, the father changed his mind. He said, “All right. Since you love it so much, you can keep it.”“Hooray! Thank you, daddy!” However, the father added that they must promise to look after the cat on their own.The kids were so happy to have another pet friend. Then the cat was given the na
40、me “Lucky” by the kids. So the cat had a place to call home.15Who helped the cat to get free?AIts mother.BThe kids.CThe kids dad.DThe kids mum.16What did the kids want to do?ATo buy the cat.BTo keep the cat.CTo give the cat to their father.DTo return the cat to its home.17Why did the kids shout loud
41、ly when they saw their father?ABecause they had a question to ask him.BBecause they wanted to thank their father.CBecause theyd like to show their love for the cat.DBecause they wanted to share happiness with their family.18What did the father ask the kids to do?ATo look after themselves.BTo ask the
42、 mother for help.CTo take care of the cat.DTo give the cat a name.19Whats the best title of the text?AA happy fatherBA dangerous catCAn unhappy girlDA new pet friend【答案】15D 16B 17A 18C 19D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了孩子们在母亲的帮助下救下了一只猫，并且请求父母收养小猫。父亲开始并不同意，看到孩子失望的表情后便同意了请求。父亲让孩子们自己照顾猫，孩子们很高兴，给猫咪取了名字叫“幸运”。15细节理解题。
43、根据“So they asked their mother for help. The mother freed the cat.”可知孩子们的妈妈帮助猫重获自由。故选D。16细节理解题。根据“The cat looked so cute that the kids asked their mother if they could keep it.”可知孩子们想要养这只猫。故选B。17细节理解题。根据“The mother said, I dont mind myself, but you must ask your father, too. The kids waited anxiously
44、 for their dad back from work. When they heard their father opening the door, they both shouted loudly at the same time, Hi, daddy! ”可知孩子们看到爸爸时大喊是因为他们有问题要问他。故选A。18细节理解题。根据“However, the father added that they must promise to look after the cat on their own.”可知爸爸让孩子们照顾这只猫。故选C。19标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了孩子们在母亲的帮助下
45、救下了一只猫，并且请求父母收养小猫。父亲开始并不同意，看到孩子失望的表情后便同意了请求。父亲让孩子们自己照顾猫，孩子们很高兴，给猫咪取了名字叫“幸运”。结合“The kids were so happy to have another pet friend.”可知用“A new pet friend”做标题最合适。故选D。（2022贵州遵义统考中考真题）Today is June 26th, the International Anti-drug Day (国际禁毒日). When people talk about drug fighting, a name will probably ap
46、pear in our mindsLin Zexu, who is remembered as a national hero in China. Since 1839, we Chinese have always been fighting a great war against drugs.Now, Peng Taizhen from Yunnan province has been supporting the work of drug fighting in her own way.Pengs husband, Zhang Congshun, was an anti-drug pol
47、ice officer. One day in 1994, when he was fighting with a group of drug criminals and trying to save his partner, he got seriously injured and died later. Peng had to raise their sons by herself.All of her three sons became police officers after graduating from college. Sadly, her youngest son, Zhang Ziquan, lost his life at the age of 36 while he was working on a drug case in December, 2020.“My husband died, leaving many unfinished things in crime fighting behind him. But we still have sons to cont