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1、考点06 代词（核心考点精讲精练）1. 三年真题考点分布题型语法填空高考考点代词新高考I卷2023they-their20222021I-mine新高考II卷202320222021浙江1月高考卷202320222021she-herself2. 命题规律及备考策略（高考语法填空命题：先选好主题语篇，然后再定语法考点，所以2023年新高考I卷，没有考查动词时态和从句，因为语篇不具备考查素材，所以语法复习要全面。）【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于代词的考查共计3次，主要考查：1代词的词形转换；2代词的用法功能；3. 代词it的相关句型。【备考策略】熟记代词的词形转换词，尤其注意反身代词和不定代词；
2、熟练掌握it的相关句型。【命题预测】2024年语法填空仍然有可能对代词进行考查，主要集中考查代词的词形转换，代词的相关句型。（不要粗略的总结，给你最全面、实用的考点总结）考点一人称代词、物主代词、反身代词及it1人称代词人称代词主格Iweyou (你)you (你们)hesheitthey人称代词宾格meusyouyouhimheritthem用法人称代词主格主语/同位语人称代词主格用作主语他们总认为我会成为一名英语教师。用法人称代词宾格宾语/表语人称代词宾格作及物动词或介词的宾语人称代词宾格可在系动词后作表语你向我征询建议，我倍感荣幸。2物主代词形容词性物主代词myouryour (你的)y
3、our (你们的)hisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs句型形容词性物主代词名词形容词性物主代词起形容词作用，置于名词前作定语形容词性物主代词own名词表示“某人自己的”她驾车来到当地野生动物保护区。句型名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词名词性物主代词后不能接名词在句中可作主语、动词或介词的宾语、表语这不是我的手机，我的在桌子上。3反身代词单数myselfyourselfhimself, herself, itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves句型动词/介词oneself/系动词ones
4、elf反身代词在句中可作宾语、表语、同位语，但不可作主语反身代词的人称和数必须与所指代的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致他清楚地知道如何放松自己。搭配含反身代词的固定搭配enjoy oneself 玩得愉快come to oneself 苏醒by oneself 独自地teach oneself 自学devote oneself to 致力于of oneself 自动地behave oneself 举止得体help oneself to 自己取用for oneself 为自己seat oneself 坐下make oneself at home 不拘束be oneself 身心自在4it的用法(1
5、)it的基本用法用法例句指天气、季节、时间、距离、环境等It is early spring, but it is already hot.现在是初春，但是天气已经很热了。代替前面提过的事物、群体、想法、内容等或代替指示代词Although he didnt like it, I decided to see the movie anyway.尽管他不喜欢看这部电影，但我还是决定去看一看。指不知性别的孩子和婴儿或不明确的人(由于某种原因而不知对方是谁)What will you call it if it is a boy？要是男孩的话，你会给他取个什么名字？(2)it作形式主语结构常用句型例
6、句It is名词that 从句It is a fact (a pity, a shame, no wonder, good news .) that . It is no wonder that she was so upset. 难怪她如此心烦意乱。It is形容词that从句 It is necessary(strange, important, wonderful, possible, likely, . ) that . 这类句中谓语动词多为 (should)动词原形It is necessary that we (should) take measures to protect th
7、e environment. 我们采取措施保护环境是必要的。It is过去分词that 从句It is said (reported, decided, believed .) that . It is believed that hard work will pay off. 人们相信，付出总有回报。It不及物动词that 从句It seems (happens, doesnt matter, turns out .) that . It happened that I went to visit my first teacher that day. 碰巧那天我去拜访我的启蒙老师。(3)it
8、作形式宾语结构例句主语feel (think, find, consider, make .)it(形式宾语)宾补that宾语从句I find it unbelievable that people can accept this sort of behaviour. 人们竟然能接受这种行为，我感到难以相信。主语like (hate, dislike, love, enjoy, appreciate .)it(形式宾语)that/when/if宾语从句I love it when something is so good that it exceeds description. 我喜欢这些用言
9、语无法形容的好事。(4)it的常用短语或句型make it 获得成功；赶上see to it that . 确保count on/rely on/depend on it that . 相信as someone puts it 像某人所说的那样When it comes to . 当涉及/谈到I cant help it ( . ) 我情不自禁()I take it that . 我理解的是Its (high) time that sb did/should do sth 是某人该做某事的时候了It is the first/second/ . time that sb have/has do
10、ne sth (It was the first/second/. time that sb had done sth) 这是某人第一次/二次/次做某事了It is/has been . since . 自从已过了时间了It will be/was . before . 要过时间才/在之前已过了时间1.（2023新高考卷 语法填空）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spil
11、ling any of (they) contents. 【答案】their【解析】考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。2.（2022全国高考乙卷）The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening _50_ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of TruthA Special Exhi
12、bition of Puer Tea.【答案】 its【解析】考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。1(2023广东省佛山市高三检测)You should also note that audience members are not prohibited from leaving and theres no social pressure to keep _ (they) there.【答案】them【解析】考查代词宾格。句意：你还应该注意到，观众并不被禁止离开，也没有社会压力
13、让他们留在那里。此处作keep的宾语，用宾格的形式。故填them。2(2023江西省丰城市第九中学高三摸底考试)To prolong the life of the tower, the museum began to repair _ (it) roof and outer golden columns in June.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。句意：为了延长塔的使用寿命，博物馆在6月开始修复它的屋顶和外部的金柱。修饰后面的名词roof，用形容词性物主代词。故填its。3(2023海南省海口市高三学科能力诊断)Athletes also said that the sports _ (
14、they) became more difficult and less safe when manmade snow was involved.【答案】themselves【解析】考查代词。句意：运动员们还说，当涉及人工造雪时，运动本身变得更加困难和不安全。此处反身代词，指代sports。故填themselves。4(2023河南省示范性高中阶段性联考)It takes many people with a wide variety of skills and interests to keep a company like _ (we) in business.【答案】ours【解析】考查
15、代词。句意：要让像我们这样的公司继续经营下去，需要许多拥有各种技能和兴趣的人。此处ours指our company。故填ours。考点二不定代词1one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those, it的区别代词用法one指代可数名词，单数，泛指ones指代可数名词，复数，泛指the one指代可数名词，单数，特指the ones指代可数名词，复数，特指that指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，相当于the名词，特指those指代可数名词，复数，特指(the ones)it上文中所提到的同一个事物2.both, all, either, neither与none的
16、区别代词用法both(1)表示“两者(都)”。(2)作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。(3)与not连用表示部分否定，意为“并非两者都”。(表示两者的全部否定需用neither)all(1)指三者或三者以上的人或物的“全部”。(2)作主语，指人时，谓语动词通常用复数形式；指事物的整体或抽象概念时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。(3)与not连用表示部分否定，意为“并非全部都”。(表示三者或三者以上的完全否定需用none)either(1)表示“(两者中的)任何一个”。(表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的“任何一个”需用any)(2)作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。neither(1)表示“(两者)都不”。(2
17、)单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。(3)后接of短语作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数形式，也可用复数形式。none(1)表示“(三者及三者以上中)无一个”或“没有一点儿”。(2)后接of短语作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数形式，也可用复数形式。(3)既可指代可数名词，也可指代不可数名词。3.each与every的区别代词用法each(1)强调个体，可作代词和形容词，修饰单数可数名词，指两者或两者以上中的“每一个”。(2)可以与of短语连用；可作主语、宾语、同位语和定语。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；作同位语时，谓语动词的数和主语保持一致。every(1)强调(整体中的)每一个，只能作定语，修饰单数可
18、数名词，表示三者或三者以上中的“每一个”。(2)与not连用构成部分否定。(3)可用来表示“每隔”。(4)不可与of短语连用。4.the other, another, others与the others的区别代词用法the other可单独使用，特指两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”，常与one连用，构成“one ., the other .”，表示“一个，另外一个”。another泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”，代替单数可数名词。另外，another后可接“基数词/few复数名词(名词表示的事物被看作一个整体)”，表示“另外的(多少)”。others只能单独使用，表示泛指
19、意义，意为“其他的人或事物”，常与some连用。the others特指“整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部人或事物”。5.none, nothing与no one/nobody的区别代词用法none(1)特指语境中提到的人或物，强调数量。(2)后可接of短语，可回答以how many, how much引导的特殊疑问句。nothing(1)指物，表示泛指。(2)不可接of短语，可回答what引导的特殊疑问句。no one/nobody(1)常指人，仅用于指代可数名词单数。(2)不可接of短语，可回答以who引导的特殊疑问句。6.复合不定代词的用法某任何每个；所有没有人someone/somebod
20、yanyone/anybodyeveryone/everybodyno one/nobody物somethinganythingeverythingnothing知识拓展复合不定代词构成的习惯搭配：nothing but 仅仅；只是anything but 决不something of 有几分；略微or something 诸如此类的人或物something else 别的东西；另外一件事for nothing 免费；毫无结果nobody but 除了没有人somebody else 其他人7表示数量的不定代词的用法代词用法表示意义含义few修饰或代替可数名词否定含义几乎没有a few修饰或代
21、替可数名词肯定含义几个；一些little修饰或代替不可数名词否定含义几乎没有a little修饰或代替不可数名词肯定含义少量；一点点many修饰或代替可数名词肯定含义许多much修饰或代替不可数名词肯定含义许多考点三指示代词指示代词this, that, these, those的用法指示代词用法this/these指在时间或空间上较近的人或事物；this也可指下文将要谈到的人或物，起启下的作用。that/those指在时间或空间上较远的人或事物；that也可指上文提到过的人或物，起承上的作用。知识运用试题难点难点1：代词的主格、宾格和所有格的选择。难点2：反身代词的正确使用。反身代词可以作宾
22、语、同位语，不能作主语。其形式随主语的变化而变化。难点3：替代词的指代对象。替代词有that、 one、 it、 those，但是指代的事物不同、语法不同。解题策略策略1：根据代词在句中的不同成分确定相应的“格”。作主语时用主格；作宾语时用宾格；作定语时用所有格。指代与前面提到的名词一样的物品、表示所属关系时，用名词性物主代词。This is your book. Mine is in my bag.这是你的书。我的(书)在我书包里。策略2：确定反身代词与主语的关系。1根据主语的人称和数，使用不同的反身代词。She finished the work by herself.她独自完成了工作。2
23、当宾语与主语是同一个人或者同一些人的时候，用反身代词作宾语。He devoted himself to the cause of education all his life.他一生致力于教育事业。策略3：分清替代词所指的对象。1指代前面提到的可数名词单数，往往用one，其前面往往有形容词修饰。如果是复数，用ones。2指代前面提到的不可数名词，往往用that，此时后面带有后置定语。The weather in winter in Shanghai is warmer than that in Beijing.冬天上海的天气比北京暖和一些。3指代前面提到的复数名词，往往用those，或者the
24、 ones。12023泰安模拟As far as I am concerned，cycling is a good solution.For one thing，bicycles dont need any petrol and they are energy-saving. For _，bicycles are environmentally friendly because they wont give off waste gas.【答案】another【解析】考查代词。句意：在我看来，骑自行车是一个不错的解决方案。一方面，自行车不需要汽油，并且节能；另一方面，自行车也很环保，因为它们不会
25、释放任何废气。for one thing.for another.意为“一方面另一方面”。故填another。22023湖南长郡中学检测However，quite a few others，especially _ in the countryside，would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have“Double Happiness”【答案】those【解析】考查代词。根据语境可知，空处指那些在农村地区的人，表示复数，应用代词。故填those。1(2023江苏省南京外国语学校南外高三期中)One took a bullet in
26、 the leg；the _ took a bullet in the chest.【答案】other【解析】考查代词。句意：其中一个在腿上中了子弹；另一个在胸部中了子弹。考查句型onethe other意为：一个另一个。故填other。2(2023广东省佛山市高三阶段检测)In Finland, often known as the country with _ of the best education systems in the world, children begin school at seven. 【答案】one【解析】考查代词。句意：在芬兰，通常被称为世界上最好的教育系统的国
27、家之一，孩子们7岁开始上学。此处考查one of 其中之一。故填one。3(2023“西南汇”高三联考)As we _ know, there are many kinds of pollution all over the world.【答案】all【解析】考查代词。句意：正如我们大家所知，世界各地有多种类型的污染。此处all是we的同位语。故填all。4(2023北京市高三入学定位考试)Ninetypercent of the time, fear is just thoughts running through your mind, and has _ to do with realit
28、y.【答案】nothing【解析】考查代词。句意：百分之九十的时候，恐惧只是贯穿于你脑海中的想法，而与现实有关。考查短语have nothing to do with意为：和无关基础过关（最新模拟试题演练）1.（2023河南省安阳市TOP二十名校摸底）The yin or the yang of the animal is defined based on the number of _50_(they) toes. The 12 animals are arranged in an alternating yin-yang sequence.【答案】their【解析】考查代词。句意：动物的阴
29、或阳是根据它们脚趾的数量来定义的。修饰名词toes应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。2.（2023届山西省高三1月适应性调研考试（一模）The diameter(直径) of _39_(it) core will be similar to that of the Long March-5 heavy-lift rocket, which is five meters. 【答案】its【解析】考查代词。句意：它的核心直径将与长征五号重型运载火箭的直径相似，即五米。分析句子结构和意思可知，此处需要形容词性物主代词，表示“它的”意思，作定语，修饰后面的名词core。故填its。3.（
30、2023福建省厦门市高三毕业班第四次质量检测）His mother jokingly asked _(he) whether the sugar was sweet, and he said, “Yes, it is sweet enough.”【答案】him【解析】考查代词。句意：他妈妈开玩笑地问他糖甜不甜，他说:“是的，够甜了。”分析句子可知，空处作asked的宾语，应用he的宾格形式him。故填him。4.（2023安徽省高中毕业班第三次联考）It wasnt until the Ming and Qing dynasties _ the seals usage moved from t
31、he imperial to the personal, due to the expansion of arts. 【答案】that【解析】考查强调句。句意：直到明清两朝，由于艺术的发展，印章的使用才从宫廷转移到个人。not.until.是固定句型，意为“直到才”，其强调句型为：It + is/was not until.+ that + 句子其它部分。分析句子可知，句中使用了该强调句型，强调的是原句时间状语“not until the Ming and Qing dynasties”，句子其它部分只能由that引出。故填that。5.（2023安徽省十联考第一次教学质量检测）In a fi
32、rst of _61_ (it) kind in China, Shenzhen, a city that pioneered reform and opening-up in China, will allow fully autonomous vehicles to run on roads in certain areas without human control equipment. 【答案】its【解析】考查代词。句意：作为中国改革开放的先驱城市，深圳将允许全自动驾驶汽车在特定区域的道路上行驶，无需人工控制设备。此处用所给代词的形容词性物主代词修饰空后的名词kind。故填its。6
33、.（2023河南省部分重点高中联考）During his early teenage years, he taught _(he) how to paint while working as a carpenter. 【答案】himself【解析】考查代词。句意：在他十几岁的时候，他一边当木匠一边教自己如何画画。分析句子结构可知，此处所给的代词he表示齐白石自己，用作taught的宾语，应使用反身代词。故填himself。7.（2023江西省赣州市二模）After centuries of development, kites have become one of the countrys r
34、epresentative traditional handicrafts, showing _ (it) charm and gaining popularity all over the world. 【答案】its【解析】考查代词。句意：经过几个世纪的发展，风筝已成为我国具有代表性的传统文化之一，展现出它的魅力，并在世界各地受到欢迎。修饰名词用形容词物主代词its，故填its。8.（2023江苏省南通市海安市统考）Studies have also demonstrated that the way we respond to the circumstances of our lives
35、 has more influence on our happiness than the events _44_ (they). Experiencing stress, sadness and anxiety in the short term doesnt mean we cant be happy in the long term. Often when people have faced difficulty, illness or loss, they describe their lives as happier and more meaningful as a result.【
36、答案】themselves【解析】考查反身代词。句意：研究还表明，与事件本身相比，我们对生活环境的反应方式对我们的幸福感影响更多(或者更大)。分析句子结构可知，此处表示“事件本身”，需用反身代词。故填themselves。9.（2023江苏省淮安市涟水县第一中学第二次阶段检测）_44_ is believed that the sense of gain and satisfaction of Chinese people will further improve.【答案】It考查代词和固定句型。句意：相信中国人民的获得感和满足感会进一步提高。It is believed that.是固定句型
37、，意为“相信”，其中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填It。10.（2023江苏省南京师范大学附属中学月考）What developing countries need most is to stop poverty by fighting the causes of it. Another way to help is through the development of private enterprise along with job training. Finally. we must remember that the future of a c
38、ountry lies in the hands of_48_(it)children.【答案】its【解析】考查物主代词。句意：最后，我们必须记住，一个国家的未来掌握在孩子们的手中。根据语境可知，句子表示“一个国家的未来掌握在它的孩子们的手中”，因此空格处是“它的”，即its，是形容词性物主代词，作定语，故填its。11.（2023江苏省常州市第一中学检测）Construction of accessibility facilities for the capitals subway is generally on par with(匹敌) _44_ of other countries,
39、and in some cases even more advanced in terms of technology.【答案】that【解析】考查代词。句意：首都地铁的无障碍设施建设总体上与其他国家相当，在某些情况下甚至在技术上更先进。结合句意及空后的“of other countries”可知，此处指“其他国家的地铁无障碍设施建设”，和上文“Construction of accessibility facilities for the capitals subway”是同类异物，且表示特指，用代词that。故填that。12.（2023河北省“五个一”名校联盟联考）According t
40、o data from online travel agency Qunar, the number of rooms booked at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. Some young people who normally have little time for _41_ (they) simply had a stay cation in a hotel to make the much-awaited pause more relaxing tha
41、n staying at home. 【答案】themselves【解析】考查代词。句意：一些通常没有多少属于自己的时间的年轻人干脆在酒店里宅度假，让期待已久的休息比呆在家里更放松。根据句意以及young people可知，此处为反身代词themselves指代young people意为“他们自己”，满足句意要求。故填themselves。13.（2023青海省西宁市一模）The post-90s from the national medical team of Peking University in Hubei Province came to the stage of “First
42、Class for the New Term”. They told their stories of fighting the COVID- 19 through pictures, and showed the responsibilities of the young generation. Young people are strong, and China is strong. They proved _44_ (they) responsibility with action.【答案】their【解析】考查物主代词。句意：他们用行动证明了自己的责任。由空后名词“responsibi
43、lity”和所给代词they可知，此处需用其对应的形容词性物主代词their。故填their。14.（2023贵州省联考）Armenian musician Astrid Poghosyan takes great pride in the Chinese name she picked for _41_(her), Ma Xingxing. “Xingxing” literally meaning stars is inspired by her Armenian first name, while “Ma” is taken from Ma Chao, a famous warrior f
44、rom Chinas Three Kingdoms Period.【答案】herself【解析】考查代词。句意：亚美尼亚音乐家Astrid Poghosyan对她为自己取的中文名字“马星星”感到非常自豪。表示“为自己选择”，用反身代词。故填herself。15.（2023江苏省淮安中学达标模拟检测）Its analysis found that age also mattered: the young have higher life satisfaction than those in their 40s but life satisfaction rises again in later
45、years, before falling again for those in their 80s. Living conditions were also important. Those who own their homes think their life satisfaction is higher than _41_ in poverty.【答案】those【解析】考查代词。句意：那些拥有自己房子的人认为他们的生活满意度高于贫困地区。根据语境可知，此句是一些人对另一些人的对比。根据上下文可知，本空是代词，填those恰当。故填those。16.（2023河南省顶级名校阶段性检测）Geneticist (基因学家) Dr. Arney has explored the impact that humans have had on the evolutionary process of the species in the past decade.From driving species