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1、【考研英语】2021年 5 月吉林长春光机所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,largefamilies are helpful.Having more children means having more workers inthe fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In anindustrial economy,the situation is differen
2、t.Many children do not helpa family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization hasgenerally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,whichwas industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of thetwentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a
3、high birth rate.A代er World Wa也，Italys economy was rapidlymodernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth ratehad dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the worlds lowest.In atraditional agricultural economy,a large f a mi l y.A、can be an advantageB、may limit incomeC isn/t necessaryD、is
4、expensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 对照本段In a traditional agriculturaleconomy,large families are helpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A,成为一个优势，答案是A。第2题【单选题】In his closing remarks,the chairman expressed his thanks to all thosewho had contributed to the success of the conference.A、commentsB、speechC、criticismD、lecture【
5、正确答案】B【答案解析】remarks致辞。speech讲话，演说。参考译文：在闭幕词里，主席向所有为大会的成功举办作出过贡献的人士表示了感谢。第3题【单选题】Dont involve other people your trouble.A、inB againstC、toD、for【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。involve sbin sth：把某人卷入 中，答案选A o第4题【单选题】Primary care physicians who refuse to compromise quality are eitherdriven out of business
6、or to cash-only practices,further contributing tothe decline of primary care.Medical students arent blind to this scenario.They see how heavily the reimbursement deck is stacked against primarycare.The recent numbers show that since 1997,newly graduated USmedical students who choose primary care as
7、a career have declined by50%,This trend results in emergency rooms being overwhelmed withpatients without regular doctors.Why do many new medical graduatesrefuse to choose primary care as their career?A、They find the need for primary care declining.B、The current system works against primary care.C、P
8、rimary care physicians command less respect.D、They think working in emergency rooms tedious.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B。语义理解题。由题干中的new medicalgraduates 及 choose primary care as their career 定位于第 2 段第 2、3 句。文章第2 段开始提到“医学院的学生对此种情形很清楚。他们看到医疗补偿制度对基础医疗行业是多么不利。随后文章提到这些学生从事基础医疗的数量大幅度减少,由此可以归纳出，造成这一现象的原因是目前的体系不利于基础
9、医疗事业，故 选 B 项。对基础医疗的需求并未减少，只是因为基础医疗的医生资源不够，因此人们不得不前往专家门诊就医，故排除A 项；C 项 和 D 项，文章均未提及。第5题【单选题】The once beautiful flowers in the vase had.0A、witheredB、wastedC wateredD、wrinkled【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：花瓶里曾漂亮一时的花枯萎了。wither意为“枯萎了，凋谢了；waste意为“浪费；water意为“浇水;wrinkle意为“生皱纹。第6题【单选题】It was in foreign country I felt,for t
10、he first time in my life,regretful I was about the time wasted playing around.A、where,thatB、that,howC、that,whichD、where,how【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o该句是一个强调句，其中还有一个插入语for the first time in my life”,强调句的基本形式是“It is(was).that(who).?先行词是人时可用who代替th a t,否则一般用th a t,故排除A、D o又因为regretful是一个形容词，故应用副词修饰，显然要舍去which
11、而用how。第7题【单选题】I dont want to bring up the t o p ic,w h y on earth did you get homethat late last night?A butB、andC、orD、so【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查连词用法。前文说：我不想说这个话题,而下文又把这个话题提了出来，由此可以看出是转折关系。第8题【单选题】Mans life is often compared a candle.A、asB、forC、withD、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】be compared to：被比喻为。句意：人生常被喻为蜡烛。答案选D。第9题【单选
12、题】But just like your alarm clock,your internal clock can be reset.In fact,itautomatically resets itself every day.How?By using the light it getsthrough your eyes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light ofday and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internalclocks.For ye
13、ars,researchers thought that the signals that synchronizethe bodys clock were handled through the same pathways that we useto see.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to thefourth and fifth paragraphs?A、Our biological clock resets itself automatically.B Light gets through our eyes
14、 and resets our biological clock.C、Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be resetautomatically.D、Our internal clock,like the alarm clock,can be reset.【正确答案】C【答案解析】根据第五自然段首句But just like（和 一样）your alarm clock,your internal clock can be reset.In fact,itautomatically resets itself every day
15、.How?By using the light itgets through your eyes.代词 it 指代 biological clock,不是选项internal clock和alarm clock都可以自动调节。得到答案为CoA D 我们的生物钟自动调节。B 光线通过我们的眼睛调节生物钟，与原文一致。第10题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。nothing but表
16、示“只的意思。第11题【单选题】This cloth wont shrink when its washed.A、benefitB、smallerC、vagueD、convince【正确答案】B【答案解析】shrink 收缩；畏缩；sm a lle r较小，更小的。第12题【单选题】An interesting of the city is the old market.A、triumphB、respectC、residenceD、feature【正确答案】D【答案解析】fe atu re 特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目。第13题【单选题】The typical person living
17、alone is neither old nor l one l y.Themajority of these people have chosen to live alone.They are respondingto decreasing social pressure to get married and have a family.A This is a dramatic change from the extended families of just acouple of generations ago.B、The growing number of women with good
18、 jobs has done much toincrease the number of people living alone.C、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.D、In fact,a quarter of the 23 million single people in the U.S.areunder the age of 35.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。空格后句中出现代词these people,而空格前句出现的人是单数形式，因此判断空格处应该出现表意复数的人，从而与these people相呼应。而且空格前句提到了
19、年龄（old）”,所以判断D 是答案，a quarter of the 23million single people是复数名词,而且D 中提到了年龄（35岁以下）。第14题【单选题】This thesis led to a radical change of labor policies.A、temporaryB、terminateC、essentialD、reserve【正确答案】C【答案解析】radical根本的;essential基本的;本质的。第 15题【单选题】Hes unlucky,and hes always suffering luck one after another.A
20、、a sickB、an illC、sickD、ill【正确答案】D【答案解析】英语中的名词有可数与不可数之分，luck是不可数名词，用来修饰贬义的luck形容词有bad,poor或ill,这 时ill的词义是：不好的。第 16题【单选题】The clever boy made a hole in the wa l l,h e could seewas going on inside house.A、which;whatB、through which;whatC、through that;whatD、what;that【正确答案】B【答案解析】through which引导定语从句，throug
21、h which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语.What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语.第 17题【单选题】Many artists express their world view in their work.A presentB preliminaryC neglectD、necessity【正确答案】A【答案解析】express表达；p resen t提出；介绍；呈现。第 18题【单选题】Facing growing costs and shrinking tax,the government is nowthreatening to cut fundin
22、g for environmental protection programs.A、budgetB、collectionC、profitD、revenue【正确答案】D【答案解析】revenue 收入，税收，尤指国家的岁入。根据题意，正确答案应为D。第 19题【单选题】Belts of parklands line three sides of the area and four large opensquares of lawns and trees break the regularity of the city buildings.A、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区
23、建筑的规整性。B、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调气氛。C、带状的公园为这个区域画了一条三边的线，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。D、一条条的公园环绕着这个区域的三边，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调性。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。有时为了行文的需要，可以在译文里增加几个词，或减少几个词。这是因为有些词在一种语言里可能是必要的，而在另一种语言里就会显得多余了。第20题【单选题】The car honked at me until I fastened my seat belt.A、汽车向我
24、发出嘟嘟的声音，直到我系上了安全带。B、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我系上安全带就不响了。C、汽车在我系上安全带之前发出嘟嘟的声音。D、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我才系上了安全带。【正确答案】B【答案解析】until在否定句中表示的意思是“直到 才 ；在肯定句中等于before；本句的意思是：汽车一直嘟嘟地响，直到我系上安全带才停下来。翻译的时候要体现连词until表示的意思,所以比较恰当的用法应该是B项。A项虽然有“直到”的意思，但是表达方式不符合汉语习惯，意思模糊不清。第21题【单选题】The tall,well-dressed gentleman standing before me was cert
25、ainly a farcry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，当然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。B、一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。D、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪一样发出了长长的叫声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。standing before me”是现在分词短语，作定语，修辞gentleman”,译成汉语可放在句首。
26、afarcry from sth/doing sth”是习语，意思是：a very differentexperience from sth/doing sth与某事物 做某事物 大不相同。wolf是狼的意思，sea wolf在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作 海怪比较贴切。第22题【单选题】popular belief,the ostrich does not hide its head in sand whenfrightened;it runs away.A、As toB、Opposite toC、Due toD、Contrary to【正确答案】D【答案解析
27、】As to关于。Opposite to对立/对面（方位/身份/性别）。Due to因为。Contrary to违反/反对（观点/态度）。第23题【单选题】This television program provoked a spirited debate in the UnitedKingdom.A、disputeB、issueC lumpD、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate 辩论；辩论会；dispute辩论；争吵。第24题【单选题】Research shows heavy coffee drinking is a small increase inblood pre
28、ssure,but not enough to increase the risk for high bloodpressure.A、compared withB、associated withC、attributed toD、referred to【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题的四个选项为形式不同的做表语的动词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析与理解运用。(be)associatedwith 与.有关联，可见该词组符合题意。第25题【单选题】“If anybody,please put down name,said theteacher to the monitor.A、wants to buy
29、the bookhisB want to buy the booktheirC、will buy the bookonesD、wants to have the book boughther【正确答案】A【答案解析】代词each和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词作主语,谓语需用单数。所以要用wants。his与anybody搭配。第26题【单选题】Can I know your plans for this summer holiday?Mm.of course!But Im just thinking about this.I be a volunteer social
30、worker.A、mightB、shouldC mustD、need【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。考查情态动词。根据句意可知，我正在考虑暑假计划，所以might表示可能。第27题【单选题】They will get the preparation done early in May.A、他们五月初就能让别人准备完工作。B、他们五月初就能准备好工作。C、他们早在五月份就能把准备工作做完。D、他们五月初就能把准备工作做完。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 首先需要注意early in May表示“五月初的意思，选 项 A“让别人准备完这种表达是不准确的;此外get the prepar
31、ation done表示的是“把准备工作做完”,选项B 的表达不是很准确。第28题【单选题】Research shows heavy coffee drinking is a small increase inblood pressure,but not enough to increase the risk for high bloodpressure.A、compared withB associated withC attributed toD、referred to【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题的四个选项为形式不同的做表语的动词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析与理解运用。(be)assoc
32、iatedwith”与 有关联，可见该词组符合题意。第29题【单选题】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property ishome to trees that have lived for thousands of years.All of the villagesthroughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls acertain amount of land.We had the opportunity to sit in on a
33、 meetingwith the chief of Katchikow,which we called it“Catch a Cow.In themeeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area.He seemedto be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we werehelping with had come to his area.The chief of each villageA、is called KatchikowB、sup
34、ports the idea of hydroponics farmC、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选c。细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土地。第30题【单选题】All plays are alike to me just as all music is alike to Tony.A、所有的戏剧对于我就像所有的音乐对托尼一样。B、正如托尼喜欢所有的音乐一样，我也非常喜欢所有的戏剧。C、我对戏剧就
35、像托尼对于音乐一样，非常欣赏。D、托尼不会欣赏音乐，同样我也不会欣赏戏剧。【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查句子暗示意思和比较的翻译。all playsarealike to m e的意思是所有的戏剧对我来说都是一样的，言外之意就是“我欣赏不懂戏剧”，同样all music is alike to Tony的意思也应该是“托尼欣赏不懂音乐根据句子中的比较结构just as可以得出，他们两个在这方面是一样的，.可以翻译为 同样。所以选D。第31题【单选题】I would class my garden as medium in size.A、单调的B、中等的C、温暖的D、使命【正确答案】B【答案
36、解析】medium a d j.中间的,中等的；半生熟的。第32题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A、rangeB restrictC、gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assembles集合，聚集；装配；收集；gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。第33题【单选题】Chinas vast size and resources,her extraordinary economic progressover recent years have made her an increasingly important
37、player in themodern international economy.A、中国地大物博，近年来经济迅猛发展，这使得中国在现代国际经济中成为一支越来越重要的力量。B、中国地大物博，近年来经济迅猛发展，使她在现代国际经济成为越来越重要的成员。C、中国地大物博，近年来她的经济迅猛发展，使她成为现代国际经济中越来越重要的成员。D、中国地大物博，近年来她的经济迅猛发展，使她在现代国际经济中成为一支越来越重要的力量。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题考查的知识点为经济术语。在原文中，player我们所熟悉的意思是 运动员或选手，在此处应译作 力量原文中的第一个代词her不用译，第二个h
38、er要译出来。第34题【单选题】Though he is in his late sixties,the well-known biologist begins each daya sense of adventure and a sense of curiosity.A、inB withC、ofD、at【正确答案】B【答案解析】考查介词用法。begin w ith从 开始。第35题【单选题】Spiders are not insects,as many people think,nor even nearly related tothem.A、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫
39、一点关系都没有。B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo本题需要注意as many people think,表示的是“许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫；此 外 nor在此处表示的是否定，即“它和昆虫一点关系都没有。第36题【单选题】The tall,well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a farcry from the old sea wolf of my
40、 imagination.A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，当然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。B、一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。D、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪一样发出了长长的叫声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】standing before me”是现在分词短语，作定语，修辞gentleman”,译成汉语可放在句首。a far cry fromsth/doing sth”是习语，意思是：a very diff
41、erent experience fromsth/doing sth与某事物 做某事物 大不相同。wolf”是狼的意思，“sea wolf在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作“海怪比较贴切。第37题【单选题】Both Tom and his brother take after their father not only in appearancebut also in character.A、resembleB、assimilateC、followD、reflect【正确答案】A【答案解析】take after与 相像。resemble像，相似。参考译文：汤姆和他兄
42、弟不仅长相像他们父亲，性格也相似。第38题【单选题】Shall I wait here for three hoursYes.Three hours to waitfor such a doctor.A、are not very long for youB、is not long enough for youC、was not long enough for youD、will be too long for you【正确答案】B【答案解析】Three hours是作为一个整体来看待的，所以谓语动词用单数形式。第39题【单选题】This is the last place where I ex
43、pected to meet you.A、这是我最后一次见到你的地方。B、我料到最后会在此与你相逢。C、我怎么也没有料到会在这个地方见到你。D、我希望在最不可能的地方与你相见。【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题在翻译的时候需要注意对the last place的理解，在此处不能译为“最后的地方，the last place where Iexpected表示的是“我怎么也没有料到的地方。第40题【单选题】This television program provoked a spirited debate in the UnitedKingdom.A、disputeB、issueC、lumpD、pr
44、ejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate辩论;辩论会;dispute辩论;争吵。第41题【单选题】We rely more than any other major economy on the goods and servicesthat we export,the investment that we attract and we make abroad.A、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。B、英国比世界上其他主要经济更依赖商品和服务出口的投资、引资。C、英国对出口的商品和服务以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。D、英国对商品和服
45、务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖超过了世界上任何其他经济大国。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 本题主要考查经济的专业术语。原文中的economy指“经济大国，是近几年才出现的一种用法。第42题【单选题】Few pleasures can equal of a cool drink on a hot day.A、someB anyC thatD、those【正确答案】C【答案解析】一看到few pleasures,容易错选D,但后面所设条件为a cool drink,因而正确答案应为C。第43题【单选题】This Convention shall be subject to ratifica
46、tion or acceptance by thesignatory States.A、本公约的生效取决于签字国的批准或接受。B、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为生效条件。C、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为条件。D、本公约须经签字国批准或接受。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。无论是英语还是汉语，法律文件有一些共同的特点。英语 常 用shall,whereof,hereinafter等，汉语则常用“本公约须.，“应 ，可.，均等词语。第44题【单选题】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain
47、and the property ishome to trees that have lived for thousands of years.All of the villagesthroughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls acertain amount of land.We had the opportunity to sit in on a meetingwith the chief of Katchikow,which we called it“Catch a Cow.In themeeting we discu
48、ssed starting a hydroponics farm in his area.He seemedto be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we werehelping with had come to his area.The chief of each villageA、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farmC、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week
49、【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土地。第45题【单选题】Tom was seriously ill.he was absent from school.A、He was becauseB、That was whyC、That was becauseD、That was that【正确答案】B【答案解析】在这个题目中，后半部分讲的是结果，“这就是他为什么缺席，所以在这里我们要选择答案B。第46题【单选题】My mind wasn/t on what he so Im a
50、fraid I missed half of it.A was sayingB had saidC would sayD、has said【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查时态。句意为：我刚才没有注意他正在讲什么。过去进行时相对于现在，表示过去某一段时间正在发生什么，对现在没有任何影响。第47题【单选题】We canzt undertake that you will make a profit.A、requireB、promiseC、promoteD、doubt【正确答案】B【答案解析】undertake承担，保证；promise允诺，许诺。第48题【单选题】Ignoring the chair