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1、【考研英语】2021年7月黑龙江大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in peoplewho do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smokefrom other peoples cigarettes.The US EnvironmentalProtection Agency reports that about 53,000 people die in the UnitedSt
2、ates each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where bothparents smoke.B、In the United States,nine million children under the age of five livein homes with at least one smoker.C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、No one knows
3、for sure why Mr.Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首选对此烟加以定义的句子。第2题【单选题】The garden has four gates in different directions,so you may enter itand relax through of them in the daytime.Very convenient.A、noneB、eitherC、allD、any【正确答案】D【答案解析】三者或三者以上任何一个用anyo第3题【单选题】So
4、mewhere around puberty(发育；青春期)，something happens in thetiming of the biological clock.(2)The clock pushes forward,soadolescents and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they usedto.When your mother tells you its time for bed,your body may bepushing you to stay up for several hours more.An
5、d the light coming fromyour computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up evenlater.What is implied in the second paragraph?A、Young childrens biological clock has the same rhythm with that ofthe teenagers.B、People after puberty begin to go to bed earlier due to the changeof the biological cl
6、ock.C、Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night thanadolescents.D、Teenagers go to bed later than they used to due to the light fromthe computer screen.【正确答案】C【答案解析】推理判断题，对应原句The clock pushes forward（推动）,so adolescents（青年）and teenagers are unable tofall asleep as early as they used
7、 to.的含义是青年人以前睡觉还要早。考 察used to（过去）的意思得到答案为C。第4题【单选题】She looks sad.Could you please tell me that prevents her frombeing as happy as before?A、what it isB、it is whatC、how it isD it is how【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。强调句型的特殊疑问句为“疑问词+is+that/who从句，同时这个疑问句作tell m e的宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，故用what it is。本句意为 你能告诉我是什么事阻止了她像以前快乐吗？第
8、5题【单选题】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel,they never used it.Neither did they use metals other than copper.What is ever moresurprising is that they suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities andbuilt new ones in the jungle.Some time around AD900,Mayancivilization collapsed.By the year 120
9、0,their last great capital,ChichenItza，was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas wast hat.A、they developed accurate system measuring time.B、they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C、they deserted their cities and moved to new ones.D、they built cities which they never lived in.
10、【正确答案】C【答案解析】对应点为What is ever more surprising is thatthey suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new onesin the jungle.是对原文语意进行了转化，最高级代替了比较级。第6题【单选题】Is that how you me for my help?A、dismissB、permitC、restoreD、reward【正确答案】D【答案解析】re w a rd奖励；奖赏。第7题【单选题】Many people,when ill,see their doctors an
11、d ask them tosomething that will make them feel better.A、describeB、prescribeC、reviseD、devise【正确答案】B【答案解析】prescribe 开处方，开（药）根据题意，正确答案应为Bo第8题【单选题】Thirty years ago,most teenagers had bicycles,but now they arecomparatively rare._ 1 _ motor scooters are much more common._ 2 _ this may seem a sign of prog
12、ress but _ 3 _ the change is notnecessarily for the better.l.At the other end On the contrary Onthe other hand In addition?.A.At first sight B.At the beginning C.In the first viewD.From the firsts.A、absolutelyB、actuallyC、surelyD、definitely【正确答案】B【答案解析】actually,事实上，实际上。这道题考察学生对文章的理解和对词义的掌握。作者说乍一看这是进步
13、，但事实上不是这样，有转折之意。A,absolutely,绝对的；C,surely,的确的；D,definitely,明确地。第9题【单选题】In his closing remarks,the chairman expressed his thanks to all thosewho had contributed to the success of the conference.A、commentsB、speechC、criticismD、lecture【正确答案】B【答案解析】remarks致辞。speech讲话，演说。参考译文：在闭幕词里，主席向所有为大会的成功举办作出过贡献的人士表示
14、了感谢。第10题【单选题】If I the money,I would have bought a much bigger car.A、possessedB、ownedC、hadD、had had【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一个had是过去完成时，第二个had表示“有 o第11题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们两个社会应该寻求
15、那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双 方）共同的利益；it为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第12题【单选题】For the
16、purpose of this Convention any Contracting State may,bydomestic legislation,assimilate to its own nationals any persondomiciled in that State.A、就本公约而言，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。B、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人按本国国民对待。C、为实施本公约，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。D、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将
17、经常居住那个国家的任何人当作本国国民。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。for the purpose of.是法律条文里常用的一个短语，意思相当于“就 而言，在此处翻译为“为实施本公约。第13题【单选题】The devastating floods and droughts that imposed a recurrent tax ofsuffering on the farmers on longer occur.Egyptian agriculture has beentransformed,and industry is benefiting
18、from power generated by thedam.A、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。B、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是现在埃及的农业得到改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。C、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改良，水坝发的电也用在了工业上。D、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是埃及的农业得到了改良，工业也给水坝发电带来了很大的好处。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。句子中tax of suffering属于比喻，把suffering比作是强加在
19、人们身上的tax,而并非真正的征收税收。根据这一点可以排除B 和 D 项，同时根据句子中的and可以得知前后应该是并列的，也就是说agriculture和 industry是并列的，同时翻译的时候也应该是并列的，这样不但符合句法也让句子结构更合理。第14题【单选题】You consider that you cant find your place in your own country,so yourisk the comfortable but modest life with your parents and you goabroad.Maybe there will be moment
20、s when you cant stand theloneliness anymore,the strangers around you,or your job.But youremember nobody made you take that decision,so you take a deepbreath,and you go on,as you are the only one to be blamed.When youare lonely in a foreign country,you s houl d.A、change your decisionB、blame your pare
21、nts for itC、stick to your decision and go onD、make more friends【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。根据文章本段中But you remembernobody made you take that decision,so you take a deep breath,and you go on.可知答案。作者认为你出国后可能会面临各种困难，面对周围的陌生人、工作，你可能会感到孤独，但是仔细想想这个决定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后继续。第15题【单选题】I telephoned this afternoon,but n o
22、b o d y.团A、repliedB、respondedC、returnedD、answered【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：我今天下午打了电话，但没有人接。answerthe telephone意为“接电话，是习惯用法。reply是 回答，答复“，后接介词to；respond意为“应答，后面也接介词to；return意为 返还。第 16题【单选题】My little house cant compare his villa（别墅）.A、asB、fromC、withD、by【正确答案】C【答案解析】compare with：与.相比/匹敌。句意:我的小房子是无法和他的别墅相比的。答案选C第
23、 17题【单选题】His solution to the puzzle is ingenious.A、cleverB、savageC、capableD federal【正确答案】A【答案解析】ingenious有独创性的;机灵的,精制的;心灵手巧的；clever聪明的；机灵的；熟练的。第18题【单选题】How do we fix this problem?lt starts with reforming the physicianreimbursement system,remove the pressure for primary carephysicians to squeeze in m
24、ore patients per hour,and reward them foroptimally（最 佳 地）managing their diseases and practicingevidence-based medicine.Make prim ary care more attractive tomedical students by forgiving student loans for those who chooseprimary care as a career and reconciling the marked differencebetween specialist
25、 and primary care physician salaries.What suggestiondoes the author give in order to provide better health care?A、Bridge the salary gap between specialists and primary carephysicians.B、Extend prim ary care to patients with chronic diseases.C、Recruit more medical students by offering them loans.D、Red
26、uce the tuition of students who choose primary care as theirmajor.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao事实细节题。由题干中的suggestion和 provide better health care定位于第2 段。文章第2 段介绍的是改善基础医疗目前状况的建议：应该从改革医生的费用返还制度开始，避免基础护理医生竭力增加每小时诊治患者的数量，减少他们的压力，奖励那些能够提出最佳治疗方案和开具循证药物的医生。通过免除那些选择基础护理工作作为未来职业的学生们的助学贷款，使基础护理工作吸引更多医学院的学生，同时调和专科医生和基础护理医
27、生之间工资存在的巨大差异，由此可得出答案为A 项。第19题【单选题】You as well right.A、I areB、I amC、as I amD、as I are【正确答案】D【答案解析】you是这句话的主语，所以谓语用are。as wellas是固定搭配。所以第二个as不能少。第20题【单选题】I would class my garden as medium in size.A、单调的B、中等的C、温暖的D、使命【正确答案】B【答案解析】medium ad j.中间的,中等的;半生熟的。第21题【单选题】The decline in moral standards,which has
28、 long concerned social analysts,has at last the attention of average Americans.A、clarifiedB、cultivatedC、characterizedD、ca ptu red【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题的四个选项意思各不相同，但能与题句空格 后 的 名 词 attention搭配并符合题意的只有一个。capture 捕获，吸 引（注意力），根据题意，正确答案应选Do第22题【单选题】Both Tom and his brother take after their father not only in app
29、earancebut also in character.A、resembleB、assimilateC、followD reflect【正确答案】A【答案解析】take after与 相像。resemble像，相似。参考译文：汤姆和他兄弟不仅长相像他们父亲，性格也相似。第23题【单选题】The secretary and principal at the meeting now.A、are speakingB、is speakingC、were making a speechD、have a speech【正确答案】B【答案解析】The secretary and principal指的是一
30、个人，所以用单数谓语动词iSo第24题【单选题】The tall,well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a farcry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，当然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。B、一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。D、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪
31、一样发出了长长的叫声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】standing before me”是现在分词短语，作定语,修辞gentleman”,译成汉语可放在句首。a far cry fromsth/doing sth”是习语，意思是：a very different experience fromsth/doing sth与某事物 做某事物 大不相同。wolf是狼的意思，“sea wolf在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作“海怪比较贴切。第25题【单选题】Father had no more than a superficial knowledge of music.A、
32、widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequent【正确答案】B【答案解析】superficial 表面的;肤浅的；shallow浅的；肤浅的。第26题【单选题】Our decision was wise.A、of waitingB、to waitC、for waitingD to be waiting【正确答案】B【答案解析】英语中一些名词总与不定式连用，如：decision,w ish与refusal等，使用这些名词与使用它们的动词形式表达的内容是一致的，我们决定等待是明智的。第27题【单选题】Spiders are not insects,as many
33、 people think,nor even nearly related tothem.A、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题需要注意as many people think,表示的是“许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫；此 外nor在此处表示的是否定，即 它和昆虫一点关系都没有”。第28题【单选题】His solution to the puzzle is ingen
34、ious.A、cleverB、savageC、capableD、federal【正确答案】A【答案解析】ingenious有独创性的;机灵的，精制的;心灵手巧的；clever聪明的；机灵的；熟练的。第29题【单选题】We welcome rain,but a(a n)l a r g e amount of rainfall will causefloods.A、extensivelyB、extremelyC、speciallyD、constantly【正确答案】B【答案解析】extensively广泛的/渊博的。extremely极度的。specially特别的/与众不同的。constantl
35、y反复的/恒定的。第30题【单选题】Secondary school had its own share of challenges.I was a tall kid andwasnt good at any sport,except looking.I loved basketball and tennis.The first day I held a racket,and I was disgraced by my opponent.Hewon six straight sets without sweat and there I was,sweating badly likeId run
36、 a marathon,whereas I hadn/t even made a single point.Stanleywas disgraced by his classmate in a.A、basketball gameB、tennis gameC、marathon gameD、football game【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选 B o 词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词 disgrace,考生可迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket,可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第31题【单选题】Until recently,the“science of the future“was
37、 supposed to be electronicsand artificial intelligence.Today it seems more and more likely that thenext great breakthroughs in technology will be brought through acombination of those two sciences with organic chemistry and geneticengineering.This combination is the science of biotechnology.Accordin
38、gto the passage,the science of the future is likely to be.A、electronicsB、biotechnologyC、genetic engineeringD、nuclear technology【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选 B o本题问的是未来的科学是属于什么的？本段最后一句给出了答案，属于生物科技，所以选B。第32题【单选题】Economic factors aside,the imbalanced distribution of educationalresources also affects fairness of e
39、ducation.A、unjustB、impartialC、unevenD improper【正确答案】C【答案解析】imbalanced不平衡的,不均衡的。uneven不均衡的。参考译文：除经济因素外，教育资源分配不均同样影响到了教育的公平性。第33题【单选题】The librarian recommended that the professor the newlypublished books.A、borrowB、borrowedC、should have borrowedD borrowing【正确答案】A【答案解析】recommend：推荐，介绍。其后的宾语从句需要用虚拟语气，谓语动
40、词用should+动词原形的形式，should可以省略。第34题【单选题】I hope that the little I/ve been able to do has been of some use.A、whichB、whenC、thatD、who【正确答案】C【答案解析】当先行词是不定代词或被它们修饰时，要用that,不 用whicho句意：我希望我能够做到的那一点点是有些用处的。第35题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pur
41、sue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第36题【单选题】Do you think it wise of me to do everything for my child?No,thatsyou are mistaken.A、whereB、whenC、howD、what【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查表语从句。句意为：那就是你犯错误的地方。where用引导表语从句并在从句中作地点状语。第37题【单选题】Its impossible to detach oneself from reality.A、scatterB、separateC、reformD、prescribe【正确答案】B【
42、答案解析】detach分离；派遣；使超然；separate分开；隔开；分居。第38题【单选题】It will strengthen you to know that your distinguished career is so widelyrespected and appreciated.A、当你知道你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏时,你就会力量倍增。B、这会使你进一步坚定信念，因为你的杰出事业如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。C、知道你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏会使你进一步坚定信念。D、这会使你坚定地认识到，你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。【正确答
43、案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 本题主要考查评论与表态。需要对某事发表评论或表明态度时，英语的语序和汉语不同。英语是先评论，或先表态，然后再说有关的事情或情况。汉语则相反，评论或表态性的话往往是放在句子的最后。第39题【单选题】They are b r i g h t,able and confident.A、latentB、revolutionC、subsequentD、intelligent【正确答案】D【答案解析】intelligent智能的；聪明的；理解力强的。第40题【单选题】We welcome rain,but a(a n)l a r g e amount of rainfall
44、 will causefloods.A、extensivelyB、extremelyC、speciallyD constantly【正确答案】B【答案解析】extensively广泛的/渊博的。extremely极度的。specially特别的/与众不同的。constantly反复的/恒定的。第41题【单选题】He is about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympicsnext year.A、optimisticB、optionalC、outstandingD、obvious【正确答案】A【答案解析】optimistic乐观的。
45、optional选择的。outstanding出色的/醒目的。obvious明显的。第42题【单选题】Peter has a changeable character.A、roleB、dispositionC、symbolD、nature【正确答案】B【答案解析】character性格，品质；disposition性情。第43题【单选题】think the teacher is wr o n g,?”No,I dont think so.A、dont youB、dont IC、doesn/t heD doesnt she【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。此题容易误选C或D,因为按照语法规则，
46、I think后接宾语从句时，其反意疑问句与从句保持一致，但是退一步，即使按此规则，其反意疑问句也应是isMthe或isnt she之类的,而不是像C或D那样用doesnt he和doesnt she。综合四个选项，最佳答案为A,dont you为dontyou think so 之省略。第44题【单选题】The group does not advocate the use of violence.A、supportB、matterC、suitD、reach【正确答案】A【答案解析】advocate提倡，主张，拥护；support支持，支撑，支援。第45题【单选题】This the last
47、 place where I expected to meet you.A、这是我最后一次见到你的地方。B、我希望在最不可能的地方见到你。C、我怎么也没有料到会在这个地方见到你。D、我期望最后会在此与你重逢。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本题考查the last place”的意译。第46题【单选题】Besides T o m,C r o s e t t e s have two other s o n s,o f whomare all interested in making model planes.A、不填,twoB、不填,the twoC、the,threeD、the,the
48、three【正确答案】D【答案解析】在英语的姓氏前使用定冠词，表示的是这个姓氏的一家人或这个姓氏的夫妇；the+数词+o f+代词”这一结构表示该代词的总数是前面的数词表示的数量，而 数词+o f+代词结构中的代词表示的量肯定大于前面数词表示的数量。第47题【单选题】Dont involve other people your trouble.A、inB、againstC、toD、for【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。involve sbin sth：把某人卷入 中，答案选A o第48题【单选题】Finally,many great players come fro
49、m the same kind of neighborhood-apoor,crowed area where a boys dream is not to be a doctor,lawyer,orbusinessman,but to become a rich,famous athlete or entertainer.Forexample,Liverpool,which produced the Beetles,had one of the bestEnglish soccer（英式足球）teams in recent years.Pele practiced in thestreet
50、with a ball made of rags.And George Best learned the tricks thatmade him famous by bouncing the ball off a wall in the slums ofBelfast.All great players have a lot in common,but that doesnt explainwhy they are great.Hundreds of boys played in those Brazilian streets,but only one became Pele.The grea