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1、【考研英语】2021年7月北京清华大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】During these past few years I used Associated Content to try writing.Ifound writing for that site was not my cup of tea.However,myexperience there was positive as I was rewarded with even morelearning opportunities just by dipping my toes into the wa
2、ter.ThroughAssociated Content I was introduced to the world of blogging.I decidedto learn how to set up a blog myself.Now Im interested in blogging andcontinue to work as a writer.What is the authors purpose of using thesite Associated Content?A、To write for the site Yahoo!Contributor Network.B、To k
3、now more about other writers.C、To have one of his articles published.D、To become a network writer.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。根据本段的I decided to learn how toset up a blog myself.Now Im interested in blogging andcontinue to work as a writer确 定D答案。A选项是作者偶然获得的结果，并非刚开始写作时的目的，可排除；B选项不是作者的目的；c选项是作者两年前已经取得的成果，无需再定为自己
4、目标。第2题【单选题】Marian,the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that thechildrens book is based on,was mayor.Other kids ran the stores whichsold imaginary ice cream and baked goods.Kids drove imaginary carsoutside of town,and the speeders went to jail,which was guarded bythe sheriff,another
5、kid.Elsewhere,boys and girls had battles,chargingeach others bases using spears made with ocotillo,a desert plant.Whois Marian?A、She is the author.B She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D、She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一
6、句话给出了正确答案，M arian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第3题【单选题】This reform is supposed to save the government the money involvingmaintaining a large number of cars.A、toB、onC、atD、in【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查的是固定短语的搭配，involve in表示“卷入，涉及的意思。句意：这项改革的目的是让政府节省大量维护车辆的费用。第4题【单选题】You will be liable for any damage cau
7、sed.A、liberalB、responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正确答案】B【答案解析】be liable f o r有 责任；有 义务；responsible负责的，可靠的；有责任的。第5题【单选题】Egypt,wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus,is the gift of the Nile.A、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及是尼罗河送来的礼物。B、埃及，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：是尼罗河的礼物。C、埃及是尼罗河的礼物，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道。D、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及，礼物来自尼罗河。【正确答案】A【答案解
8、析】答案选 Ao wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus是插入语，为使译文通顺易懂，把插入语处理成主句形式,其余部分作其宾语从句。第6题【单选题】The black robin is one of the worlds rarest birds.It is a small,wild bird,and it lives only on the island of Little Mangere,off the coast of NewZealand.In 1967 there were about fifty black robins there;in 1977 t
9、herewere fewer than ten.A、These are the only black robins left in the world.B、Those that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early.C、Both represent orders in the classification of life.D、Detailed studies are going on,and a public appeal for money hasbeen made.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。前文说的是The black
10、robin（旅鹑）的现存数量和活动地点。选项A说的是这里成为有The blackrobin的唯一的地方。所以，选项A是合适的选项。第7题【单选题】Is that how you me for my help?A、dismissB、permitC、restoreD、reward【正确答案】D【答案解析】re w a rd奖励；奖赏。第8题【单选题】Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should bethe last choice after all non-biological explanations
11、are addressed/Allensaid.We have a lot of work to do to rule out possible non-biologicalexplanations.It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explain these results.What can be inferred from what Allen said?A、Scientists have different arguments over whether there is life onTitan.B
12、、Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C、Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Scientists all agree that a non-biological chemical reaction is apossible explanation.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 推理判断题。答题原则：和原文完全一样的选项肯定不是答案，推理判断题是对现象的推断。题目中有绝对词语 all must every merely h
13、ave to barely only 一般是错误的，排除 B C D.根据 Scientific conservatism suggeststhat a biological explanation should be the last choice after allnon-biological explanations are addressedo 推断出科学家就Titan上是否有生命的问题观点不同，与A 一致。得到答案A。第9题【单选题】In his closing remarks,the chairman expressed his thanks to all thosewho had
14、 contributed to the success of the conference.A、commentsB、speechC、criticismD、lecture【正确答案】B【答案解析】remarks致辞。speech讲话，演说。参考译文：在闭幕词里，主席向所有为大会的成功举办作出过贡献的人士表示了感谢。第10题【单选题】Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同
15、等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important,scarcely是程度副词，意思是“几乎不，简直没有。它本身带有否定的意思。lessimportant意思是 不如 重要，而加scarcely之后,双重否定表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选 Co第11题【单选题】A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control ofinsects is available.A、除了
16、对昆虫的化学控制外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。B、除了用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。C、在对昆虫的化学控制方法外，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利用。D、在用化学方法控制昆虫方面，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利用。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题考查的知识点为名词短语。thechemical control of insects不要译作“对昆虫的化学控制”，这样译太费解。把这个名词短语译作动宾结构，可译作“用化学方法控制昆虫。第12题【单选题】To new money the sport needs to be more entertaining.
17、A、recurB、perceiveC、inhabitD、generate【正确答案】D【答案解析】generate使形成；发生；生殖；产生物理反应。第13题【单选题】A large of the sunlight never reaches the earth while infra-redheat given off by the earth is allowed to escape freely.A、ratioB、proportionC、rateD、fraction【正确答案】B【答案解析】proportion 部分,份儿，指部分与整体的关系，如：A large proportion of
18、 the dolphins in that area willeventually die.根据题意，正确答案应为B。第 14题【单选题】This the last place where I expected to meet you.A、这是我最后一次见到你的地方。B、我希望在最不可能的地方见到你。C、我怎么也没有料到会在这个地方见到你。D、我期望最后会在此与你重逢。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本题考查“the last place的意译。第 15题【单选题】What might for this strange phenomenon?A、fairB、extremeC、equalD、
19、account【正确答案】D【答案解析】account解释。第16题【单选题】-What is that room?-we hold the meetings.A、The room isB、The room is the placeC、That/s the room whichD、Thats where【正确答案】D【答案解析】此句是be动词后由where引导的表语从句。第17题【单选题】A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control ofinsects is available.A、除了对昆虫的化学控
20、制外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。B、除了用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。C、在对昆虫的化学控制方法外，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利 用。D、在用化学方法控制昆虫方面，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利 用。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题考查的知识点为名词短语。thechemical control of insects不要译作“对昆虫的化学控制”，这样译太费解。把这个名词短语译作动宾结构，可译作“用化学方法控制昆虫。第18题【单选题】I hope the job shes applied for.A、she/s going to getB、shel
21、l getC、she is to getD、she decides to get【正确答案】B【答案解析】will或shall用来表示希望或期望。因此在表示与希望有关的动词或动词短语的宾语从句中的将来时态时，要用will或shall。这些动词或短语是：hope,expect,be sure,believe,think,suppose,doubt 和 be afraid 等。第19题【单选题】Secondary school had its own share of challenges.I was a tall kid andwasnt good at any sport,except loo
22、king.I loved basketball and tennis.The first day I held a racket,and I was disgraced by my opponent.Hewon six straight sets without sweat and there I was,sweating badly likeId run a marathon,whereas I hadn/t even made a single point.Stanleywas disgraced by his classmate in a.A、basketball gameB、tenni
23、s gameC、marathon gameD、football game【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词disgrace,考生可迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket,可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第20题【单选题】Both Tom and his brother take after their father not only in appearancebut also in character.A resembleB assimilateC、followD、reflect【正确答案】A【答案解析】take after与 相像。resemble像，
24、相似。参考译文：汤姆和他兄弟不仅长相像他们父亲，性格也相似。第21题【单选题】Little Tom is an orphan.,he has to make a living by himself.A、A child as he isB、Child as he isC、Child as is heD A child though he is【正确答案】B【答案解析】Child as he is=Although he is a childo as 引导让步状语从句时，通常要把作表语的形容词或名词、作状语的副词或动词原形提前到句首，同时注意，作表语的单数名词前无形容词时要把不定冠词去掉。第22题
25、【单选题】They took measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.A、fruitfulB beneficialC、validD、effective【正确答案】D【答案解析】fruitful多产的/成功的。beneficial有益的。valid有效的（法律/时间）/正当的。effective有效的。第23题【单选题】“The independence created by philosophical insight isin myopinionthe mark of distinction between a mere artisa
26、n or specialistand a real seeker after truth/Einstein wrote in 1944.And he was anaccomplished musician.The interplay between music and math is wellknown.Einstein would furiously play his violin as a way to think througha knotty physics problem.Today,universities have produced millions ofphysicists.T
27、here arent many jobs in science for them,so they go to WallStreet and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to morepracticaland rewardingefforts.What does the author tell us aboutphysicists today?A、They tend to neglect training in analytical skills.B、They are very good at solving practical
28、 problems.C、They attach great importance to publishing academic papers.D、They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D。推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词physicists today定位到文中第3段 第2句。该处说现在大学培训出来的数以百万计的物理学家们转向华尔街和硅谷，把他们的分析技能应用到更实用也更有回报的工作中，故 选Do文中只是说了爱因斯坦接受过多年的哲学学习，具有独立分析思考问题的能力，但并没说现
29、在的物理学家缺乏分析技巧方面的训练，故排除A；文中说的是他们会把自己的分析技巧应用到更实用的工作中，故 排 除B,他们非常善于解决实际问题。文中只是说了爱因斯坦那时候发表论文要容易一些,而现在大量的论文被忽视，排 除C,他们非常重视发表学术论文。第24题【单选题】Its impossible to detach oneself from reality.A、scatterB、separateC、reformD、prescribe【正确答案】B【答案解析】detach分离；派遣；使超然；separate分开；隔开；分居。第25题【单选题】To new money the sport needs
30、to be more entertaining.A、recurB、perceiveC、inhabitD、generate【正确答案】D【答案解析】generate使形成；发生；生殖；产生物理反应。第26题【单选题】They took measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.A、fruitfulB beneficialC、validD、effective【正确答案】D【答案解析】fruitful多产的/成功的。beneficial有益的。valid有 效 的（法律/时间）/正当的。effective有效的。第27题【单选题】popula
31、r belief,the ostrich does not hide its head in sand whenfrightened;it runs away.A、As toB、Opposite toC、Due toD、Contrary to【正确答案】D【答案解析】As to关于。Opposite to对立/对面（方位/身份/性别）。Dueto因为。Contrary to违反/反对（观点/态度）。第28题【单选题】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999,Oseola McCarty,anelderly cleaning lady passed
32、away in the little wooden frame housewhere she had lived and worked most of her life.It may seem like anordinary end to a humble life,but there was something quite exceptionalabout this woman.In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout her life,to the Univer
33、sityof Southern Mississippi in her hometown.The money was to help otherAfrican Americans through university.She had started her savings habitas a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron formoney which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired theworld b e c a u s e.
34、A、she had managed to save so much moneyB、she gave her money to African AmericansC、she gave her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】C【答案解析】only是绝对词，在选项D 中出现，根据经验排除 D；对照原文第一自然段最后一句话there was somethingquite exceptional about this woman 说她有些特别的地方，接着第
35、二自然段就讲 In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout herlife,to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献给了家乡的大学，A 和 B 表达都不全面，答案是Co第29题【单选题】The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation.However,middle class is not a re
36、al designation,nor does it carry privileges.It ismore of a perception,which probably was as true as it ever could beright a代er World War II.The economy was growing,more and morepeople owned their own homes,workers had solid contracts with thecompanies that employed them,and nearly everyone who wante
37、d ahigher education could have one.The information in this passage dealswith.A an individualB、a social and economic groupC、a political organizationD、Government【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过阅读本段，middle class中产阶级是一个群体，选答案B。第30题【单选题】My teacher once said to me,“If you dont quit,you will win”.I have nodesire to quit wr
38、iting as Im having too much fun.My thanks go toAssociated Content and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for all myprogress in writing!And to my fellow writers thank you so much foryour support and friendship.May we continue to support each other formany years to comeiWe can learn from the passage that.A
39、、the author thinks writing on the Net is very easyB、the author has his first book published on the NetC、two years has passed since the author began writingD the author is grateful for the content sites sincerely【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o由本段的My thanks go to AssociatedContent and the Yahoo!Contributor Networ
40、k for all myprogress in writing知道作者感谢他提到的网站给他的支持和帮助。因此选D。第31题【单选题】The government has called for an independent inquiry into theincident.A、requirementB、examinationC、analysisD、investigation【正确答案】D【答案解析】inquiry调查,质询。investigation调查。参考译文：政府要求对这一事件进行独立调查。第32题【单选题】She looks sad.Could you please tell me th
41、at prevents her frombeing as happy as before?A、what it isB、it is whatC how it isD、it is how【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。强调句型的特殊疑问句为“疑问词+is+that/who从句，同时这个疑问句作tell m e的宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，故用what it iso本句意为“你能告诉我是什么事阻止了她像以前快乐吗？第33题【单选题】In times of economic crisis,Americans turn to their families for support.If the Grea
42、t Depression is any guide,we may see a drop in our skyhighdivorce rate.But this wont necessarily represent an increase in happymarriages.In the long run,the Depression weakened American families,and the current crisis will probably do the same.We tend to think of theDepression as a time when familie
43、s pulled together to survive huge joblosses.By 1932,when nearly one-quarter of the workforce wasunemployed,the divorce rate had declined by around 25%from 1929.But this doesn/t mean people were suddenly happier with theirmarriages.Rather,with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs,unhappycouples often
44、 couldnt afford to divorce.They feared neither spousecould manage alone.In the Great Depression many unhappy coupleschose to stick together b e c a u s e.A、starting a new family would be hardB、they wanted to better protect their kidsC、living separately would be too costlyD、they expected things would
45、 turn better【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选Co推理判断题。由题干中的和unhappycouples定位到文章第2段最后两句。随着收入下降和工作的不稳定，不幸福的家庭承担不起离婚的费用。他们担心任何一方都无法独自生活。由此可见，在大萧条时期，即使不幸福的家庭也会选择共同生活，因为离婚的费用和独自生活的成本太高了，故答案为C。第34题【单选题】To new money the sport needs to be more entertaining.A recurB perceiveC inhabitD、generate【正确答案】D【答案解析】generate使形成；发生；生殖；产生
46、物理反应。第35题【单选题】In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks thisweek,let us recognize at the outset these points.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认
47、识到这样几点。【正确答案】B 答案解析 答案选 Bo which I hope will characterize our talksthis week限制性定语从句，修饰franknesso I hope是定语从句中的插入语。In the spirit of：本着 的精神。at the outset：在开始的时候。第36题【单选题】Primary care physicians who refuse to compromise quality are eitherdriven out of business or to cash-only practices,further contribu
48、ting tothe decline of primary care.Medical students arent blind to this scenario.They see how heavily the reimbursement deck is stacked against primarycare.The recent numbers show that since 1997,newly graduated USmedical students who choose primary care as a career have declined by50%,This trend re
49、sults in emergency rooms being overwhelmed withpatients without regular doctors.Why do many new medical graduatesrefuse to choose primary care as their career?A、They find the need for primary care declining.B、The current system works against primary care.C、Primary care physicians command less respec
50、t.D、They think working in emergency rooms tedious.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选 B。语义理解题。由题干中的new medicalgraduates 及 choose primary care as their career 定位于第 2 段第 2、3 句。文章第2 段开始提到“医学院的学生对此种情形很清楚。他们看到医疗补偿制度对基础医疗行业是多么不利。随后文章提到这些学生从事基础医疗的数量大幅度减少,由此可以归纳出，造成这一现象的原因是目前的体系不利于基础医疗事业，故 选 B 项。对基础医疗的需求并未减少，只是因为基础医疗的医生资源不够