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1、【考研英语】2021年 7 月北京大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain.Across thecountry,many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boostin morale.For some,the hardships of life without steady work eventuallyoverwhelmed their attempts to keep their fa
2、milies together.The divorcerate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery tookhold.What will the current economic crisis eventually do to somemarried couples?A、It will force them to pull their efforts together.B、It will undermine their mutual understanding.C、It will irreparably damage
3、 their relationship.D、It will help strengthen their emotional bonds.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o推理判断题。文章本段最后两句提到，工作的不稳定、生活的艰辛最终会使得一些美国人维系家庭的努力消失殆尽，危机过后的数十年中随着经济复苏离婚率再次上升。由此可见，目前的经济危机最终会伤害夫妻关系至无法弥补，故答案为C。A“会迫使他们齐心协力是经济萧条初期会出现的情况，可以排除；B 和 D 在文中均未提及。第2题【单选题】Parents often decide on the basis of what their childr
4、en want.Cathy,amother told us,“My children have packed lunches,because they saythey hate school dinners.I make 3 packed lunches every morning,so ourkitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/However,another mother,Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food.Shesaid,“My daughte
5、r always has school dinners.I think she probably getshealthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if Imade a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to thepassage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、Susan/s daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have
6、 at least three children.D、Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是 I make 3 packed lunches every morning.可知 Cathy 有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得而知，故 选 项 C为最佳选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第3题【单选题】Many people,when ill,see their doctors and ask them tosomething that will make them feel better.
7、A、describeB、prescribeC、reviseD、devise【正确答案】B【答案解析】prescribe 开处方，开（药）根据题意，正确答案应为Bo第4题【单选题】Excessive weight gain doesn/t do you any good.A、过分的B、扩大的C、进化的D、非常【正确答案】A【答案解析】excessive adj.过多的，极度的；过分的。第5题【单选题】My father did not go to New York;the doctor suggested that he_ there.A、not wentB、won/t goC、not goD、
8、not to go【正确答案】C【答案解析】suggest后面的从句用sb.should do的形式，should可以省略。第6题【单选题】The atomic clock is to within 3 seconds in a century.A、exactB、clearC、accurateD、explicit【正确答案】C【答案解析】句意：原子钟在一百年内可精确至三秒以内。accurate意为 准确的，精确的，指由于细心而精确地使某事符合事实和真理；exact意为 精确的；恰好的；严密的,指不多不少，确切地与事实或标准相符；clear意为“清晰的；清楚的；明白的；explicit意为 详述
9、的；明确的。第7题【单选题】He is about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympicsnext year.A、optimisticB、optionalC、outstandingD、obvious【正确答案】A【答案解析】optimistic乐观的。optional选择的。outstanding出色的/醒目的。obvious明显的。第8题【单选题】We welcome rain,but a(a n)l a r g e amount of rainfall will causefloods.A、extensivelyB、extre
10、melyC、speciallyD、constantly【正确答案】B【答案解析】extensively广泛的/渊博的。extremely极度的。specially特别的/与众不同的。constantly反复的/恒定的。第9题【单选题】There is no for practical experience.A、substituteB sympathyC likelyD、grant【正确答案】A【答案解析】substitute代用品;代替者。第10题【单选题】It is important that I with Mr.Williams immediately.A、speakB、spokeC、w
11、ill speakD、to speak【正确答案】A【答案解析】It is important that是主语从句的虚拟语气,从句用sb.should do的形式。第11题【单选题】They were,by and large,a very wealthy,privileged elite.A、元素B、住所C、精英D、裁定【正确答案】C【答案解析】elite n.精英；精华；中坚分子。第12题【单选题】It is our policy that we will achieve unity through peacefulmeans.A、consistentB、continuousC、consi
12、derateD、continual【正确答案】A【答案解析】通过和平方式获得统一是我们一贯的政策。consistent“持之以恒的”;continuous持续的，不间断的”；considerate周到的;continual时断时续的。答案选A。第13题【单选题】Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into the Sudan.A、尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方，到处都有古埃及的坟墓和寺庙跟随。B、尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方，到处可以看到古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。C、古埃及的坟墓和寺庙随着尼罗河直到苏丹境内很远的地方。
13、D、古埃及的坟墓和寺庙随着尼罗河直到苏丹境内。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B o本题考查的知识点为理解原意。语言这东西很复杂，往往不能全看字面的意思。原文中的动词follow 不过是一个形象性的用法。第14题【单选题】Don/t you k now,my dear friend,it is you that she loves?A、whoB、whichC、thatD、what【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o此题应选C,that引导的是一个宾语 从 句（用 做 动 词know的宾语），它只是被句中的插入语my dear friend隔开罢了。其实此句也可说成：My dear f
14、riend,dont you know that it is you that she loves?第 15题【单选题】Many people,when ill,see their doctors and ask them tosomething that will make them feel better.A、describeB、prescribeC、reviseD、devise【正确答案】B【答案解析】prescribe 开处方，开（药）。根据题意，正确答案应为Bo第 16题【单选题】Income may be national income and personal income.Wh
15、ereas nationalincome is defined as the total earned income of all the factors ofproduction namely,profits,interest,rent,wages,and othercompensation for labor,personal income may be defined as total moneyincome received by individuals before personal taxes are paid.Nationalincome does not equal GNP b
16、ecause the factors of production do notreceive payment for either capital consumption allowances or indirectbusiness taxes,both of which are included in GNP.The money put asidefor capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted asincome.Indirect taxes include sales taxes,property taxe
17、s,and excisetaxes that are paid by businesses directly to the government and soreduce the income left to pay for the factors of production.Three-fourths of national income goes for wages,salaries,and otherforms of compensation to employees.Which of the following statementsis true according to the pa
18、ragraph?A、GNP equals national income plus indirect business taxes.B、GNP excludes both capital consumption allowances and indirectbusiness taxes.C、Personal income is regarded as the total money income receivedby an individual after his or her taxes are paid.D、The money that goes for capital consumpti
19、on is not regarded asincome.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选Do本题的依据是本段的The money putaside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is notcounted as income.这个句子。对原句的词语选项D用了别的表达方法，但大意仍保持不变。第17题【单选题】A great number of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A、take the place ofB、
20、give space forC、build upD、work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way for让路，让地给.0 give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第18题【单选题】Besides T o m,C r o s e t t e s have two other s o n s,o f whomare all interested in making model planes.A、不填,tw。B、不填,the twoC、the,threeD、the,the three【正确答案】D【答案解析】在英语的姓氏前使用定冠词，表示的
21、是这个姓氏的一家人或这个姓氏的夫妇；the+数词+o f+代词 这一结构表示该代词的总数是前面的数词表示的数量，而 数词+o f+代词结构中的代词表示的量肯定大于前面数词表示的数量。第19题【单选题】Cheese is really a good lure for mice.A、许可，准许B、诱惑C、要求，渴望D、焦点【正确答案】B【答案解析】lure n.诱惑；饵；诱惑物。第20题【单选题】My neighbours used to give me a hand in time of t r o u b l e,w a svery kind of them.A、whoB、whichC tha
22、tD、it【正确答案】B【答案解析】非限制性定语从句常用w hich引导,w hich表示前句话的整个含义。第21题【单选题】You will find that,your roommate will turn out to be your bestfriend.A、all in allB、for the most partC、in the long runD in the end【正确答案】C【答案解析】all in all整体而言。for the most part在很大程度上。in the long run从长远来看。in the end最终。第22题【单选题】No one can be
23、 sure in a million years.A、what man will look likeB、what will man look likeC、man will look like whatD what look will man like【正确答案】A【答案解析】由语境含义和句子结构可知,w hat引导宾语从句而非特殊疑问句，应用陈述语序而不用疑问式倒装语序。第23题【单选题】“People disappear in that river every year,“one of the policemen said tome that afternoon,half in dismay
24、,half in frustration.A、年年都有人消失在这条河里，当天下午警察中的一个人半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。B、这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。C、“这条河里年年都有人消失，当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。D、这条河里年年都要死人，当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选 D o 本题考查的知识点为成语。英语和汉语都有许多成语。汉语的成语大多由四个字组成。英译汉时，适当地使用成语，译文显得简洁、生动，可以增加文采。第24题【单选题】Must I turn off the gas
25、 after cooking?Of course.You can never becareful with that.A、enoughB、tooC、soD、very【正确答案】B【答案解析】can/could not.too是一个固定搭配，表示 无论怎样也不过分”；句意是：一做完饭后一定要把煤气关掉吗?-当然，你越小心越好。第25题【单选题】While we cannot close the gulf between us,we can try to bridge it sothat we may be able to talk across it.A、当我们无法弥合我们之间的鸿沟时，我们可以
26、搭一座桥，以便越过它进行会谈。B、在我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟时，我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈。C、虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。D、虽然我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈，但我们却无法弥合双方之间的鸿沟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】本句虽然用了连词while,但分句与主句之间是一种让步关系，因 此while可译为 虽然。此句中的bridge用作动词，这是一种形象的说法，译为“搭一座桥。第26题【单选题】On behalf of all of your American guests,I wish to thank you for
27、theincomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famousthroughout the world.A、我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们的无可比拟的盛情款待表示感谢。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界。B、我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的闻名世界的无可比拟的盛情款待。C、我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界。D、我谨代表你们所有的美国客人感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界，果然名不虚传。【正确
28、答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 本题考查的知识点为句子结构。这一句较长，先说“向你们表示感谢，停顿一下，再说“感谢你们的 ”,而不直接说“感谢你们的 第27题【单选题】A pretext was the last thing that Hastings was likely to want.A、最后，哈丁斯好像需要一个借口。B、哈丁斯可能不需要任何借口。C、最后，哈丁斯可能想要的那个东西就是借口。D、借口好像是哈丁斯想要的最后的东西。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。that Hastings was likely to want是一个that引导的定语从句，是对the last t
29、hing的修饰。而且在本题中特别需要注意的是不能直接根据句子翻译为：最后需要的东西，句子表达的是一种否定的含义，最后才需要的也就是说他可能不需要任何借口。因此本题答案为B。第28题【单选题】all the threats,many companies are sending IT professionalsto courses like those Cohen offers.A、GaveB、GivingC、GiveD、Given【正确答案】D【答 案 解 析】本 题 考 查 的 是 非 谓 语 动 词 的 用 法，manycompanies和give之间是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词。第29题
30、【单选题】Don/t your health.A、recommendB、enterC、slipD、neglect【正确答案】D【答案解析】neglect疏忽，忽视；忽略。第3 0题【单选题】He wanted to look for occupation suited to his abilities.A、employmentB、psychologyC speciesD、majority【正确答案】A【答案解析】occupation职业；employment职业；雇用。第3 1题【单选题】What should I do with this passage?the main idea of e
31、achparagraph.A、Finding outB、Found outC、Find outD、To find out【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o考查祈使句。此句话的意思是：一我应该怎么处理这段文章？一归纳出每段的中心思想。第32题【单选题】Tom was seriously ill.he was absent from school.A、He was becauseB、That was whyC、That was becauseD、That was that【正确答案】B【答案解析】在这个题目中，后半部分讲的是结果，“这就是他为什么缺席，所以在这里我们要选择答案Bo第33题【
32、单选题】You can depend on whatever promise he makes.A、/B、whyC、whenD、whose【正确答案】A【答案解析】he makes是定语从句，从句前省略了关系代词thato第34题【单选题】They took measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.A、fruitfulB、beneficialC、validD effective【正确答案】D【答案解析】fruitful多产的/成功的。beneficial有益的。valid有 效 的（法律/时间）/正当的。effective有效的。第3
33、5题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。nothing but表示 只 的意思。第36题【单选题】Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into the Sudan.A、尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方，到处都有古埃及的坟墓和寺庙跟随。B、尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方，到处可以看到古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。C、
34、古埃及的坟墓和寺庙随着尼罗河直到苏丹境内很远的地方。D、古埃及的坟墓和寺庙随着尼罗河直到苏丹境内。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o本题考查的知识点为理解原意。语言这东西很复杂，往往不能全看字面的意思。原文中的动词follow 不过是一个形象性的用法。第37题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A、rangeB、restrictC、gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assem bles集合，聚集;装配;收集;gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。第38题【单选题】Many beginning interview
35、ers are afraid that they are forcing the otherperson to answer questions and have no right to inquire about hispersonal secrets.Unless the person really hates beinginterviewed,he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、This doesnt necessarily
36、 mean that it will go well.C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对这种担心的补充，这种担心是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问自己。第39题【单选题】When I graduated from high school,my family had a business so I n
37、everthought about getting a college degree.I went straight from my highschool graduation to work for my father.After 24 years of ups and downs(mostly downs),1 decided that I wanted to return to school and earn adegree in Business Administration.Why didn/t the author go on witheducation after graduat
38、ing from high school?A、To help her father with business.B、To escape from school life.C、To experience social life early.D、To achieve her dream.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。该题目主要考查考生对文章主人公相关细节的了解。根据题干内容，此细节定位于文章本段讲述自己高中毕业后经历的部分。文中讲到 当我高中毕业时，爸爸正在做生意。所以我压根没有考虑过继续获得大学学位的事情，毕业后直接转向为爸爸工作。可判断A选项与原文句意一致。第40题【单选题】
39、Readers are required to comply with the rules of the library and mindtheir manners.A、evaluateB、memorizeC、protectD、observe【正确答案】D【答案解析】comply with服 从,遵 从。observe遵守，奉行。参考译文：读者被要求遵守图书馆规章并注意各自的行为规范。第41题【单选题】We have to modify our plan a little bit.A、reduceB、sufferC、adjustD、utilize【正确答案】C【答案解析】m odify修改，修
40、饰;更改;adjust调整,使适合。第42题【单选题】Don/t your health.A、recommendB、enterC、slipD、neglect【正确答案】D【答案解析】neglect疏忽，忽视；忽略。第43题【单选题】Actually industry can vary a good deal over the centuries.A、alterB、improveC、alertD、perish【正确答案】A【答案解析】vary 改变；im prove改善，增进；提高 的价值。第44题【单选题】Cheese is really a good lure for mice.A、许可，准
41、许B、诱惑C、要求，渴望D、焦点【正确答案】B【答案解析】lure n.诱惑；饵；诱惑物。第45题【单选题】This reform is supposed to save the government the money involvingmaintaining a large number of cars.A、toB、onC、atD、in【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查的是固定短语的搭配，involve in表示 卷入，涉及”的意思。句意：这项改革的目的是让政府节省大量维护车辆的费用。第46题【单选题】Parents often decide on the basis of what th
42、eir children want.Cathy,amother told us,“My children have packed lunches,because they saythey hate school dinners.I make 3 packed lunches every morning,so ourkitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/However,another mother,Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food.Shesaid,“
43、My daughter always has school dinners.I think she probably getshealthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if Imade a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to thepassage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、Susan/s daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cath
44、y may have at least three children.D、Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是 I make 3 packed lunches every morning.可知 Cathy 有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得而知，故 选 项C为最佳选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第47题【单选题】This train will terminate at Sheffield.A、endB、sympathyC、campaignD、attribute【正确答案】A【答案解析】
45、terminate使终止；使结束；解雇；e n d结束，终止；终结。第48题【单选题】If you enjoy looking through travel books by such familiar authors asArthur Frommer or Eugene Fodor,it will not surprise you to learn thattravel writing has a long and venerable history.Almost from the earliestannals of recorded time individuals have found
46、ready audiences for theiraccounts of journeys to strange and exotic locales.This passage is mostlyabout.A、why people find travel writing excitingB、the literary style of three early travel writersC、where three early travel writers went and wrote aboutD how to write a travel book【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o主
47、旨题。联系第一自然段和每段首句知道，本文讲了三个作家，锁定答案B和C,结合内容，文章主要讲关于他们的旅行和作品。第49题【单选题】During the days,he worked as a servant at the Browns.A、followedB、followingC、to followD、that followed【正确答案】D【答案解析】that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。第50题【单选题】There is a lot of luck in drilling for oil.A、以钻探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。B、以钻探的方法找石油全靠运气了
48、。C、钻探石油有很大的偶然性。D、钻探石油是很幸运的事。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。drilling for o il表示 钻探石油；a lotof luck本意表示的是“运气，在本句中可以翻译为“偶然性第51题【单选题】Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known,Flowers andYeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops andplants.Land that has been abandoned to na
49、ture will then be able tobloom again,providing much needed food in the poorer countries of theworld.The attitude of the author towards the research project is.A、positive.B、negative.C、suspicious.D、indifferent.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。作者在本段中对二人研究的结果给予了展望，态度是积极的。所以，选择A。第52题【单选题】This cloth wont shrink when its
50、 washed.A、benefitB、smallerC、vagueD convince【正确答案】B【答案解析】shrink收缩；畏缩;sm aller较小，更小的。第53题【单选题】Water is absent in this area.A、ampleB、assiduousC、affluentD、deficient【正确答案】D【答案解析】absent缺少的；deficient不足的；有缺陷的；不充分的。第54题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperati