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1、【考研英语】2021年7月上海天文台研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Cheese is really a good lure for mice.A、许可，准许B、诱惑C、要求，渴望D、焦点【正确答案】B【答案解析】lure n.诱惑；饵；诱惑物。第2题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。nothing but表示 只 的意思。第3题【单选题】Many
2、people act on without counting the cost.A、failB、impulseC、outlineD、rate【正确答案】B【答案解析】impulse冲动；电子脉冲；刺激；神经冲动;推动力。第4题【单选题】Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 本句考
3、查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important,scarcely是程度副词，意思是 几乎不，简直没有。它本身带有否定的意思。lessimportant意思是 不如 重要，而加scarcely之后，双重否定表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选 C。第5题【单选题】People suspected that“Lucky”,as he was called by friends,wanted to killhis wife he no longer lived with.They say that Lucan entered his oldhouse
4、and in the dark,killed the nanny by mistake.His estranged wifeheard noises,came downstairs and was also attacked,but managed toescape.Seven months after the murder,a jury concluded that Lucan hadkilled the nanny.lt is thought that Lucan killed the nanny b e c a u s e.A、she was looking after the chil
5、drenB、she was a friend of LucansC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD、Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 因果关系题。对 照 本 段 Peoplesuspected thatLucky,as he was called by friends,wanted tokill his wife he no longer lived with.They say that Lucan enteredhis old ho
6、use and in the dark,killed the nanny by mistake.本来是要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。第6题【单选题】In times of economic crisis,Americans turn to their families for support.If the Great Depression is any guide,we may see a drop in our skyhighdivorce rate.But this won/t necessarily represent an increase in happymarria
7、ges.In the long run,the Depression weakened American families,and the current crisis will probably do the same.We tend to think of theDepression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge joblosses.By 1932,when nearly one-quarter of the workforce wasunemployed,the divorce rate had decli
8、ned by around 25%from 1929.But this doesn/t mean people were suddenly happier with theirmarriages.Rather,with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs,unhappycouples often couldnt afford to divorce.They feared neither spousecould manage alone.In the Great Depression many unhappy coupleschose to stick to
9、gether b e c a u s e.A、starting a new family would be hardB、they wanted to better protect their kidsC、living separately would be too costlyD、they expected things would turn better【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选Co推理判断题。由题干中的和unh叩pycouples定位到文章第2段最后两句。随着收入下降和工作的不稳定，不幸福的家庭承担不起离婚的费用。他们担心任何一方都无法独自生活。由此可见，在大萧条时期，即使不幸福的家
10、庭也会选择共同生活，因为离婚的费用和独自生活的成本太高了，故答案为C。第7题【单选题】Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should bethe last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed/Allensaid,We have a lot of work to do to rule out（排除.的可能性）possible non-biological explanations.It is more likely that
11、 a chemicalprocess,without biology,can explain these results,What can be inferredfrom what Allen said?A、Scientists have different arguments over whether there is life onTitan.B、Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C、Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Sci
12、entists all agree that a non-biological chemical reaction is apossible explanation.【正确答案】A【答案解析】推理判断题。答题原则：和原文完全一样的选项肯定不是答案，推理判断题是对现象的推断。题目中有绝对词语 all must every merely have to barely only 般是错误的,排除 B C D,根据 Scientific conservatism suggests that abiological explanation should be the last choice after
13、allnon-biological explanations are addressedo 推断出科学家就Titan上是否有生命的的问题观点不同，与A 一致。得到答案Ao第8题【单选题】Father had no more than a superficial knowledge of music.A、widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequent【正确答案】B【答案解析】superficial 表面的;肤浅的；shallow浅的;肤浅的。第9题【单选题】Any principle is preferable to none.A、秘密的B、首要的C、初步的
14、D、更好的【正确答案】D【答案解析】preferable adj,更好的,更可取的;更合意的。第10题【单选题】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want.Cathy,amother told us,“My children have packed lunches,because they saythey hate school dinners.I make 3 packed lunches every morning,so ourkitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morn
15、ing/However,another mother,Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food.Shesaid,“My daughter always has school dinners.I think she probably getshealthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if Imade a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to th
16、epassage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、Susan/s daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D、Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是 I make 3 packed lunches every morning.可知 Cathy 有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得而知，故 选 项 C为最佳选项。其他三项均与原
17、文意思不符。第11题【单选题】Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should bethe last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed/Allensaid.We have a lot of work to do to rule out possible non-biologicalexplanations.It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,c
18、an explain these results,What can be inferred from what Allen said?A、Scientists have different arguments over whether there is life onTitan.B、Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C、Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Scientists all agree that a non-biolog
19、ical chemical reaction is apossible explanation.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 推理判断题。答题原则：和原文完全一样的选项肯定不是答案，推理判断题是对现象的推断。题目中有绝对词语 all must every merely have to barely only 一般是错误的，排除 B C D.根据 Scientific conservatism suggeststhat a biological explanation should be the last choice after allnon-biological explanati
20、ons are addressed o 推断出科学家就Titan上是否有生命的问题观点不同，与A 一致。得到答案A。第12题【单选题】They plan to the run-down house in a year/s time.团A、reviveB、renovateC、replaceD remove【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：他们计划在一年时间内翻修这所旧房子。renovate意为 修复；整修一新；revive意为 使复兴，振兴；replace意为 放回，把 放回原处；remove意为 移开，挪开，拿走。第 13题【单选题】The garden has four gates in di
21、fferent directions,so you may enter itand relax through of them in the daytime.Very convenient.A、noneB、eitherC、allD、any【正确答案】D【答案解析】三者或三者以上任何一个用any。第 14题【单选题】She took her in her arms and tried to comfort her.A、proveB、overlookC、eliminateD、ease【正确答案】D【答案解析】comfort使（痛苦等）缓和；ease减轻，缓和。第15题【单选题】Used to TV
22、 shows,many people do not have the to read a bookthat requires thinking.A、courageB、wisdomC、patienceD、freedom【正确答案】C【答案解析】考查名词。have the patience to do something表示有耐心做某事。第16题【单选题】During these past few years I used Associated Content to try writing.Ifound writing for that site was not my cup of tea.How
23、ever,myexperience there was positive as I was rewarded with even morelearning opportunities just by dipping my toes into the water.ThroughAssociated Content I was introduced to the world of blogging.I decidedto learn how to set up a blog myself.Now Im interested in blogging andcontinue to work as a
24、writer.What is the author/s purpose of using thesite Associated Content?A、To write for the site Yahoo!Contributor Network.B、To know more about other writers.C、To have one of his articles published.D、To become a network writer.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。根据本段的I decided to learn how toset up a blog myself.Now I
25、m interested in blogging andcontinue to work as a writer确定D 答案。A 选项是作者偶然获得的结果，并非刚开始写作时的目的，可排除；B 选项不是作者的目的；C 选项是作者两年前已经取得的成果，无需再定为自己目标。第17题【单选题】This television program provoked a spirited debate in the UnitedKingdom.A、disputeB、issueC、lumpD、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate辩论;辩论会;dispute辩论；争吵。第18题【单选题】Mill
26、ions of American families may now be in the initial stage of theirresponses to the current crisis,working together and supporting oneanother through the early months of unemployment.Todays economiccrisis could well generate a similar number of couples whoserelationships have been irreparably（无法弥补地）r
27、uined.So it is onlywhen the economy is healthy again that well begin to see just how manybroken families have been created.What can be inferred from the lastparagraph?A、A stable family is the best protection against poverty.B、Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage.C、Few couples can stand t
28、he test of economic hardships.D、The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D。推理判断题。最后一段指出，目前的经济危机极有可能会使得这些家庭分崩离析，无法弥补。唯有等到经济再次稳健之后我们才能发现多少家庭在此过程中支离破碎。由此可见，经济的复苏将会见证更高的离婚率，故答案为D o C“很少有夫妻能够经受得起经济危机的考验”属于过度推断，可以排除。A和B文章皆未提及。第19题【单选题】Actually industry can vary a good deal ov
29、er the centuries.A、alterB、improveC、alertD、perish【正确答案】A【答案解析】vary 改变；im p ro v e改善，增进；提高 的价值。第20题【单选题】We can go to the cinema then.A、So we can.B、So can weC、Nor can weD、neither we can【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：然后我们能去看电影。我们的确能去。so在“so+主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词”的陈述结构中,则表示赞同，意为 确实；的确如此，对前文所叙述的情况起强调作用，前后两句主语相同。第21题【单选题】Rese
30、arch shows heavy coffee drinking is a small increase inblood pressure,but not enough to increase the risk for high bloodpressure.A、compared withB、associated withC、attributed toD、referred to【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题的四个选项为形式不同的做表语的动词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析与理解运用。(be)associatedwith 与 有关联，可见该词组符合题意。第22题【单选题】The government
31、has called for an independent inquiry into theincident.A、requirementB、examinationC、analysisD、investigation【正确答案】D【答案解析】inquiry调 查,质 询。investigation调查。参考译文：政府要求对这一事件进行独立调查。第23题【单选题】This train will terminate at Sheffield.A、endB、sympathyC、campaignD、attribute【正确答案】A【答案解析】terminate使终止；使结束；解雇；e n d 结束，终止；
32、终结。第24题【单选题】She looks sad.Could you please tell me that prevents her frombeing as happy as before?A、what it isB、it is whatC、how it isD、it is how【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。强调句型的特殊疑问句为 疑问词+is+that/who从句”，同时这个疑问句作tell m e的宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，故用what it iso本句意为“你能告诉我是什么事阻止了她像以前快乐吗？第25题【单选题】You don/t have to me of anythi
33、ng.A、transformB、upsetC、spoilD、persuade【正确答案】D【答案解析】persuade说服，劝说；使某人相信；劝某人做（不做）某事。第26题【单选题】For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed.Strongunions keep them there.In Fleet Street,home of some of Londonsbiggest dailies,it is understood that when two unions quarrel over threejobs
34、 the argument is settled by giving each union two.That means 33per cent over manning,33 per cent less productivity than could beobtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities ariseamong British unionsA、Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work.B、More jobs will be created b
35、y the union.C、More people will be employed than necessary.D、The unions will try to increase productivity.【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段开头告诉读者.there are more men thanare needed.when two unions quarrel over three jobs,theargument is settled by giving each union two”,接下来作者又进一步说明其实质，即它意味着33 per cent over manning,33per
36、 cent less productivity than could be obtained。第27题【单选题】This reform is supposed to save the government the money involvingmaintaining a large number of cars.A、toB、onC、atD、in【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查的是固定短语的搭配，involve in 表示“卷入，涉及 的意思。句意：这项改革的目的是让政府节省大量维护车辆的费用。第28题【单选题】I recognize my own shortcomings.A、建立B、指望C
37、、认识到D、推荐【正确答案】C【答案解析】recognize v t.认出，识别;承 认。第29题【单选题】If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in2006s World Cup tournament you would most likely find a noteworthyquirk:elite soccer players are likely to have been born in the earliermonths of the year than in the later mo
38、nths.If you then examined theEuropean national youth teams that feed the World Cup andprofessional ranks,you would find this strange phenomenon to be evenmore pronounced.What might account for this strange phenomenon?Here are a few guesses:a)certain astrological signs confer superiorsoccer skills,b)
39、winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacitywhich increases soccer stamina,c)soccer mad parents are more likely toconceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania,d)none of the above.The word“mania”(Paragraph 2)most probably meansA、funB、crazeC、hysteriaD、excitement【正确答案】B【
40、答案解析】答案选B o 词义理解题，考查考生利用上下文推测词义。文章第1 段介绍一个奇怪的现象，即高水平的足球运动员多半是一年中头几个月出生的。第 2 段试图解释这一现象，对这一现象做出种种猜测，即“某些星相赋予人们高超的足球技能，“冬天出生的婴儿氧气足，这会增加足球运动所需的耐力，足球迷的父母往往容易在春天孕育新生命等等。本段中的mania一词出现在第三种猜测中，句子的前半部分有soccer m ad,意思是对足球痴迷、疯狂的，由此可以推断mania”一词与soccer mad接近,即 疯狂。因此正确答案是B。第30题【单选题】me to give you some advice.A、Pur
41、chaseB、EssenceC、PermitD、Bound【正确答案】C【答案解析】Permit许可；允许。第31题【单选题】Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burnA、thatB、C、whichD、it【正确答案】A【答案解析】先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that,而不用which.第32题【单选题】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property ishome to trees that have lived for thousands of year
42、s.All of the villagesthroughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls acertain amount of land.We had the opportunity to sit in on a meetingwith the chief of Katchikow,which we called it“Catch a Cow.In themeeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area.He seemedto be all for it
43、 and said that it was gods plan that the project we werehelping with had come to his area.The chief of each villageA、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farmC、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每
44、个首领都拥有一定量的土地。第33题【单选题】My neighbours used to give me a hand in time of t r o u b l e,w a svery kind of them.A、whoB、whichC、thatD、it【正确答案】B【答案解析】非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义。第34题【单选题】Little Tom is an orphan.,he has to make a living by himself.A、A child as he isB、Child as he isC、Child as is heD、A c
45、hild though he is【正确答案】B【答案解析】Child as he is=Although he is a childo as 引导让步状语从句时，通常要把作表语的形容词或名词、作状语的副词或动词原形提前到句首，同时注意，作表语的单数名词前无形容词时要把不定冠词去掉。第35题【单选题】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hidethe fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe.Studies by theCounci
46、l of Europe,of which 21 counties are members,have shown that45 per cent of reptile（爬行类的）species and 24 per cent of butterfliesare in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe haveindicated t hat.A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B、all species of wildlife in Europe ar
47、e in danger of dying out.C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe thanelsewhere.D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧洲委员会的研究表明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D是正确的答案。第36题【单选题】You will see this product made in
48、this factory wherever you go.A、to be advertisedB、advertisedC、advertiseD、advertising【正确答案】B【答案解析】advertise意为 为.登广告。made in thisfactory作定语修饰product;advertised作宾语补足语。第37题【单选题】For the purpose of this Convention any Contracting State may,bydomestic legislation,assimilate to its own nationals any persondo
49、miciled in that State.A、就本公约而言，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。B、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人按本国国民对待。C、为实施本公约，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。D、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人当作本国国民。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。for the purpose of.是法律条文里常用的一个短语，意思相当于“就 而言，在此处翻译为“为实施本公约。第 38题
50、阅读理解Text 2 Philip Hammonds decision,announced in Mondays budget,to introduce a digital services tax is a brave and welcome step into theunknown.It makes Britain the second country,after Spain,to attempt toharness the greed of the tech giants and use the moola for socialpurposes.There is no serious d