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1、高考英语外刊阅读天天练：阅读理解模拟训练十四Recently, my family welcomed a new arrival. We had watched it grow, fretted over its development. And then suddenly, there it was, sitting in the kitchen: a bright orange pumpkin. While I was thrilled to see it, I fretted appropriately over the way the pumpkin plant clearly shu
2、t down all other production to bring forth this one beauty. Growing food at home is marvellous. It turns any outdoor space into something functional rather than just ornamental. And the second thought? Its a terrible way to produce fruit and veg. The effort that went into producing that pumpkin was
3、hilariously huge.Does this mean I think people shouldnt grow their own? No, quite the reverse. We need to keep reminding ourselves just how difficult it is to keep a mass population fed, and what a brilliant job large-scale agriculture does. And the best way to do that is by trying to mimic it at ho
4、me. There will be some people with burgeoning allotments and home veg patches who will be chuntering at this. Indeed, it must be lovely to sit down regularly to a meal nurtured and harvested by your own hand. The problem is that environmentally it doesnt quite stack up.A decade ago, while working on
5、 a book about food and sustainability, I was introduced to the concept of whole life cycle analysis (LCA). Using an LCA means that when you talk about the footprint of food production you cant just consider the fertilisers or the fuel used to transport the food produced. You must include the carbon
6、in any tools and machinery, in the fencing and the irrigation and in the lifestyles of the people involved.Did you drive to the allotment? Oh. Then you divide that by yield. As a result, when it comes to growing stuff even the most productive home effort will never compete with a large-scale arable
7、or vegetable Farms production.But the reality is that feeding a population of more than 60 million is always going to be dependent on mass agriculture which has a better chance of being carbon efficient. And curiously a very good way of doing this is to remind ourselves just how hard it is by attemp
8、ting to produce significant amounts ourselves. Were certainly going to have another crack at it next year. It will be brilliant. It will also be pathetic. By the way, we turned our pumpkin into soup. It was very nice.【The Guardian(October 13, 2023)】1. Why was the author worried about the development
9、 of the pumpkin?A. It is time-consuming to grow a pumpkin B. Other plants the author grew produced little C. The orange pumpkin was far from tasty D. The author had put enormous efforts to grow the pumpkin 2. The underlined word “mimic” can best be replaced by_A. Perform B. Explain C. Avoid D. Imita
10、te 3. According to the author, why cant home production compete with a mass agriculture?A. Home production is lower in nutrient and harvest lessB. Home production is carbon efficient by the concept of LCA C. There will be less footprint of food production in mass agriculture D. Home production needs
11、 more attention and efforts 4. How did the author think of harvesting significant amount of home?A. Pathetic B. Marvellous C. Unrealistic D. Incredible Almost half a billion small, cheap electrical everyday items from headphones to handheld fans ended up in landfill in the UK in the past year, accor
12、ding to research.The not-for-profit organisation Material Focus, which conducted the research, said the scale of the issue was huge and they wanted to encourage more recycling.More than half a billion cheaply priced electronic goods were bought in the UK in the past year alone 16 per second. Materia
13、l Focus findings showed that of these items, 471m were thrown away. This included 260m disposable vapes, 26m cables, 29m LED, solar and decorative lights, 9.8m USB sticks, and 4.8m miniature fans.Scott Butler, executive director at Material Focus, described it as “fast tech”. He said: “People should
14、 think carefully about buying some of the more frivolous items in the first place.” He said the items people bought were often “cheap and small”, and that consumers may not realise they contain valuable materials that could be salvaged if recycled.Small electricals can contain precious materials inc
15、luding copper, lithium and stainless steel. These components can be recycled and used in wind turbines, medical devices and electric vehicles. Material Focus said that while people were used to the idea of recycling larger electrical items such as fridges, lots of smaller devices were left unused in
16、 houses.Butler said:“We want to get the message across that anything with a plug, battery or cable can be recycled and theres somewhere near you to do it. The scale of the issue is huge, but theres an easy solutionjust as the trend for recycling and repurposing fashion has grown and grown, we want t
17、o encourage the nation to recycle fast tech, guilt-free and fuss-free.”Material Focus said that when consumers bought a cheap item, they saw it as disposable. They estimate that UK citizens spent more than 2.8bn on these cheap products in the past year.The non-profit group described it as“the tip of
18、 the iceberg” when it comes to the growing issue of wasted electricals in the UK. More than 100,000 tonnes of waste electricals are thrown away every year, and there are 880m electrical items of all kinds lying unused in UK homes.【The Guardian(October 13, 2023)】1. Which of the following statements i
19、s true according to the passage?A. The research was carried out by the authorities to encourage recycling B. Cheaply priced electronic goods are easy to be thrown away around the world C. Disposable vapes made up the majority of cheap electrical goods ended up in landfillD. British people are inclin
20、ed to buy cheap electrical goods2. What can we infer from Butlers words in paragraph 4?A. Cheap items dont deserve consumers careful use B. Valuable materials can be found in these cheap and small electrical goodsC. Low-quality electrical goods are easy to be recycled D. Consumers should stop buying
21、 these “fast tech” in the first place3. What did Butler appeal to people to do?A. Theyd better recycle small devices as well as larger onesB. Theyd better set up somewhere near them to do the recycling C. Theyd better catch the trend of disposing small and cheap itemsD. Theyd better spread the idea
22、of “fast tech”4. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Tons of small and cheap electrical items are thrown awayB. Legal efforts should be made to ban small electrical itemsC. “fast tech”-the future generation D. Recycling valuable materials from electronics is urgent Researchers have claimed a major
23、 step forward in the field of organ transplantation after a monkey survived for more than two years with a genetically engineered pig kidney.Scientists have spent decades working out whether animal organs could ever work properly and safely in humans without them being rejected by the patients immun
24、e system, but the challenges have proved immense.For the latest trial, researchers used a gene-editing tool called Crispr to alter genes in Yucatan miniature pigs before transplanting their kidneys into macaques. The modifications altered genes to prevent organ rejection and remove pig viruses that
25、could potentially be activated in recipients.Writing in the journal Nature, the scientists describe how 21 monkeys fared after their kidneys were removed and a single genetically modified pig kidney was implanted. Monkeys typically survived only 24 days when the kidneys were edited to disable three
26、genes that trigger immune rejection. But when the scientists added seven human genes that reduce blood clotting, inflammation and other immune reactions, the monkeys survived seven times longer, typically for 176 days.When combined with treatment to suppress the immune system, the researchers report
27、 that one monkey survived for more than two years758 days with the transplanted organ.Curtis, the chief executive of eGenesis, said the long-term survival of at least some of the monkeys had put eGenesis on course to satisfy the US Food and Drug Administration requirement to see at least 12 months s
28、urvival in animals before the team can launch a clinical trial in humans. “We are well on our way there,” Curtis said.“There simply arent enough kidneys to go around. In our opinion its the only near-term viable solution.”The team uses Yucatan miniature pigs as donors because at maturity their kidne
29、ys are roughly the same size of those in the adult human. In the monkey trial, the kidneys were transplanted at two to three months when the organs were much smaller.Prof Tatsuo Kawai, an author on the study at Harvard Medical School, said the scientists expected the modified pig organs to perform b
30、etter in humans than monkeys because“they are a better match”.【The Guardian(October 13, 2023)】1. What do researchers do with the Yucatan miniature pigs?A. They altered their immune systems B. They changed their genes to prevent rejection and remove pig virusesC. They used them to produce a gene-edit
31、ing tool D. They transplanted their kidneys into human beings2. Which of the following statements concerning the research is true?A. The 21 monkeys were implanted with a healthy pig kidney B. Generally, the monkeys in the previous experiments survived no more than 24 days C. Removing three genes tha
32、t trigger immune rejections D. Monkeys can survive longer if their genes are modified 3. Whats Curtis attitude towards the result of the experiment? A. Dissatisfied B. doubtfulC. Content D. dismissed4. Whats the best title of the passage?A. Monkey survives for two years with pig kidney inextraordinary milestoneB. Organ transplantation enjoys a leap C. Animal organs can work efficiently in human beingsD. Its time to change human immune system BDCCCBAABBCA学科网（北京）股份有限公司