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1、2021新高考版高考英语小题优练冲刺训练（十八）应用文阅读+记叙文阅读+说明文阅读+七选五+应用文写作Passage ASharks are amazing creatures.They are known as the deadliest hunters in the sea.Fortunately most are not,but there are some kinds of sharks that can be extremely dangerous.Look at these short descriptions of four kinds of sharks.The Great W
2、hite SharkGreat Whites are one of the most frightening creatures in the sea.They live in tropical andsubtropical waters,and they can grow up to 9 meters long.Most Great Whites are actually grey,blue or brown with a white belly,and their powerful teeth are triangles with edges like saws.The Whale Sha
3、rkWhale Sharks are the largest kind of shark in the world-up to 11 meters in length.They livein tropical waters all around the world,but they are not dangerous.Whale Sharks are brown orgrey with white or yellow stripes.They often travel near the surface of the sea.The Mako SharkMako Sharks are fierc
4、e predators.They come from the same family of sharks as the GreatWhite and they are especially fast-they can swim at speeds of up to 65 kilometers per hour.Theyare large bluish sharks found in the Atlantic,Pacific and Indian oceans.Mako Sharks can grow upto 3 meters long.The Great Hammerhead SharkTh
5、e Great Hammerheads*most striking feature is its wide thick head which looks like ahammer.The average size of a Great Hammerhead is approximately 3.5 meters,but can grow upto 6 meters long.These sharks average over 500 pounds but can weigh as much as 1,000 pounds.Like most sharks the females are lar
6、ger than the males.They have several rows of teeth that have24 to 37 teeth per row.The Great Hammerhead has a very keen sense of smell,which helps findits prey.1.What can we learn from the text?A.Sharks usually live in icy waters.B.Mako Sharks are fast but not dangerous.C.Great Whites have at least
7、24 to 37 sharp teeth.D.Whale Sharks are bigger than other sharks in the sea.2.Why is a shark called the Great Hammerhead?A.The size of its body.B.The waters it lives in.C.The shape of its head.D.The function of its teeth.3.From which is the text probably taken?A.A news report.B.A book review.C.An ad
8、vertisement.D.A biology magazine.Passage BOne Saturday afternoon in June,in the busy streets of central London,something strangehappened.A man was seen apparently floating beside a London bus as it drove about town.One ofhis arms was stretched out and was attached to the roof of the bus.This arm app
9、eared to be the onlything supporting the rest of his body.The man waved to the crowds with his other hand and movedhis legs.Was he really walking on air?How was it possible?It turned out to be the latest show fromDynamo,one of the worlds most thrilling illusionists（魔术师）.This wasnt the first time Dyn
10、amo had amazed the people of London.Two years earlier,touristswalking by the River Thames were a little concerned to see a young man go down some steps to theedge of the river and look thoughtfully across to the other side.Was he going to throw himself intothe river?More and more people gathered on
11、the bridge to see what was going on.And to theircomplete disbelief,he lifted up his foot and stepped onto the water.He didnt sink!Then he tookanother step,and another,and another.Hundreds of photos were taken by the onlookers and the nextday the newspapers were full of the fascinating story.Dynamo i
12、s the stage name of Stephen Frayne,who was born in the northern English town ofBradford.He was attracted by street magicians as a child and wanted to become one in the future.Taught by his grandfather,he showed great talent in it.He combined card tricks with breaking danceand then made a name for hi
13、mself.But now what everyone wants to know is:after walking on airand water,what is he going to do next?4.How did Dynamo astonish the audience?A.By floating on the top of a London bus.B.By performing some quite unbelievable tricks.C.By being attached to the bus with one hand.D.By being a magician as
14、a young boy.5.What helped Dynamo gain his earliest fame?A.Owning a special stage name.B.Walking across the River Thames alone.C.Being the only one floating by a moving bus.D.Presenting an appealing combined trick.6.Who inspired Dynamo to decide on his career first?A.Some street magicians.B.His grand
15、father.C.Breaking dance performers.D.The audience.7.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.Dynamo once was a great magician.B.Dynamos grandpa knows a great magician.C.Dynamos career is taking off.D.Dynamo is the most successful magician at present.Passage CWhen he was two years old,Ben stopped
16、seeing out of his left eye.His mother took him to thedoctor and soon discovered he had cancer in both eyes.After possible treatments failed,doctorsremoved both his eyes.For Ben,vision was gone forever.But by the time he was seven years old,he had developed a technique for feeling the worldaround him
17、:he clicked with his mouth and listened for the returning echoes.This method enabledBen to determine the locations of open doorways,people,parked cars,garbage cans,and so on.Hewas echolocating:bouncing his sound waves off objects in the environment and catching thereflections to build a mental model
18、 of his surroundings.Echolocation may sound like an improbable feat fbr a human,but thousands of blind peoplehave perfected this skill,just like Ben did.The event has been written about since at least the 1940s,when the word echolocation”was first invented in a science article titled Echolocation by
19、 BlindMen,Bats,and Radar.nHow could blindness give rise to the amazing ability to understand the surroundings with onesears?The answer lies in a gift on the brain;huge adaptability.Mother Nature filled our brains with flexibility to adapt to circumstances.Just as sharp teethand fast legs are useful
20、for survival,so is the brains ability to reset,which allows for learning,memory,and die ability to develop new skills.In Bens case,his brains flexible wiring repurposed his visual cortex for processing sound.Asa result,Ben had more neurons available to deal with listening information,and this increa
21、sedprocessing power allowed Ben to interpret soundwaves in shocking detail.Bens super-hearingproves a more general rule:the more brain area a particular sense has,the better it performs.1.How did Ben 4tsee after he had his eyes removed?A.By using a walking stick.B.By asking others for help.C.By inve
22、nting a new system.D.By echolocating surroundings.2.What does the underlined word fbat in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Skill.B.Task.C.Sense.D.Invention.3.What can we learn from Bens case?A.He laughs best who laughs last.B.Actions speak louder than words.C.God shuts one door but he opens another.D.Man
23、 becomes learned by asking questions.4.In which column of a magazine can we read this passage?A.Culture Shock.B.Human Biology.C.Scientific Technology.D.Environmental Protection.Passage DAmsterdams Blossoming Bikes Pop UpBrightly coloured bikes decorated in flowers,butterflies and clocks have been po
24、pping up allover Amsterdam for years.1 .They are from an American man named WarrenGregory.Known fondly as the Flower Bike Man,Warren bike-decorating campaign began when hiswife couldnt find her bike at Amsterdam Central.Warrens wife,Michelle,often struggled toremember details like where she parked h
25、er bike.To help her out,Warren decorated her bike inbright flowers.2.He then decorated a bunch of abandoned bikes,which he left along theroute home so that she would never get lost again.3.Warren started decorating more bikes,and then ventured out into the streets earlyin the morning to leave his gi
26、fts to the world before the city woke up.Each bike was carefully namedand had its own personality,all representing love and happiness.Warren creates the bikes using money out of his own pocket,and uses old,abandoned bikesthat he collects.Bringing these forgotten wrecks back to life is beautiful in s
27、o many ways.In acountry where people love bikes so much,its no wonder that Warren has become a treasure inAmsterdam.People love Warrens bicycles so much that they insist on paying for his creations.4.“For me,seeing the bikes I created is enough,“he said.Other than being a creative artist,Warren is a
28、lso a really nice guy.His Instagram posts areflooded with encouragements and words of love,and you can feel the time and love that he poursinto every bike that he creates.5.A.But they are unacceptableB.In that case,it would be easier to findC.But money is never his main motivationD.You may wonder wh
29、y they are so popularE.Joy of passers-by generated his further enthusiasmF.We truly need more people like the Flower Bike ManG.They are not the works from a mysterious Dutch bike fairyPassage E假设你是李华，上周四下午，你学校学生会举办了“世界地球日”活动。作为学校英语报社的记者，请你就本次活动写一篇题目为“Earth Day,Take Action”的英文报道。内容要点如下：1.活动的时间、地点;2.活
30、动内容：(1)打扫教室卫生；(2)校园捡垃圾；(3)检查水龙头等；3.活动的意义。注意：词数8 0 左右；可适当增加细节使行文连贯Earth Day,Take Action参考答案：A1 .D 根据 The Whale Shark 中“Whale Sharks are the largest kind of shark in the world-up to11 meters in length.(鲸鲨是世界上最大的鲨鱼，身长可达11米。)”可知，鲸鲨比海里的其他鲨鱼都大。故选D 项。2.C 根据 The Great Hammerhead Shark 中“The Great Hammerhead
31、s most striking featureis its wide thick head which looks like a hammer.(大锤头鲨最显著的特征是它又宽又厚的头，看起来像锤子。)”可知，因为它头的形状，有一种鲨鱼被称为大锤头鲨。故选C 项。3.D 根据第一段 uSharks are amazing creatures.They are known as the deadliest hunters inthe sea.Fortunately most are not,but there are some kinds of sharks that can be extreme
32、lydangerous.Look at these short descriptions of four kinds of sharks.(鲨鱼是令人惊奇的生物。它们是海洋中最致命的猎手。幸运的是，大多数鲨鱼都不是，但有一些种类的鲨鱼可能是极其危险的。看看这些对四种鲨鱼的简短描述。)”本文介绍了四种海洋里的鲨鱼，可知，本文可能选自一本生物学杂志。故选D 项。B1 o 根据第二段第一 句“This wasnt the first time Dynamo had amazed the people of London.（这已经不是迪纳摩第一次让伦敦人感到惊讶了）和第五句And to their c
33、omplete disbelief,helifted up his foot and stepped onto the water.（让他们完全难以置信的是，他抬起一只脚，踩到了水面上广可知，迪纳摩表演了一些令人难以置信的戏法，使观众们大吃一惊。故选B。2o 根据最后一段倒第二句He combined card tricks with breaking dance and then made aname for himself.（他把纸牌戏法和霹雳舞结合起来，然后就出了名户可知，一个吸引人的组合戏法帮助迪纳摩获得了他最早的名声。故选D。3o 根据最后一段第二句He was attracted
34、by street magicians as a child and wanted tobecome one in the fulure.（他从小就被街头魔术师所吸引，并希望将来能成为一名街头魔术师）”可知，一些街头魔术师启发迪纳摩决定了他的职业生涯。故选A。4o 根据最后一段最后一句But now what everyone wants to know is:after walking on airand water,what is he going to do next?（但现在每个人都想知道的是：在空中和水上行走之后，他下一步要做什么？）”可知，现在每个人都在期待他的表扬，所以迪纳摩的事
35、业正在起飞。故选C。C1 o 根据第二段中But by the time he was seven years old,he had developed a technique forfeeling the world around him:he clicked with his mouth and listened for the returning echoes.（但在他七岁的时候，他已经发展出了一种感受周围世界的技术：他用嘴发出咔哒咔哒的声音，听着声音的回音）“可知，Ben的眼睛被摘除后，他通过回声定位周围环境。故选D。2o 根据画线词后文“but thousands of blind
36、people have perfected this skill,just like Bendid”可知，回声定位对人类来说可能听起来是一项不太可能的技能，但成千上万的盲人已经完善了这项技能，就像Ben一样。由此推知，画线词意思是“技 能:A.Skill.技能；B.Task.任 务;C.Sense.感觉；D.Invention.发明。故选 A。3 o 根据第一段的“For Ben,vision was gone forever”（对于Ben来说视觉永远失去了）和最后 段中“In Bens case,his brains flexible wiring repurposed his visual
37、 cortex for processingsound.As a result,Ben had more neurons available to deal with listening information,and thisincreased processing power allowed Ben to interpret soundwaves in shocking detail.（在 Ben 的例子中，他大脑的灵活线路改变了他的视觉皮层处理声音的功能。结果，Ben有了更多的神经元可用来处理听到的信息，这种增强的处理能力使Ben能够以惊人的细节解释声波）”可知，Ben虽然失去了视力，但
38、发展出了回声定位的技能，所以他的故事告诉我们“天无绝人之路的道理。故选C。4 根据倒数第二段“Mother Nature filled our brains with flexibility to adapt tocircumstances.Just as sharp teeth and fast legs are useful for survival,so is the brains ability toreset,which allows for learning,memory,and die ability to develop new skills.（大自然让我们的大脑充满了适应环境
39、的灵活性。就像锋利的牙齿和快速的腿有助于生存一样，大脑的重置能力也是如此，它允许学习、记忆和死亡发展新技能的能力）”结合文章讲述了 Ben两岁时摘除了双眼，结果他在七岁时发展出了回声定位的技能。大自然让我们的大脑充满了适应环境的灵活性，Ben的超级听力证明了一个更普遍的规律：一种特殊感官在大脑中占据的区域越多，它的表现就越好。可推知，文章可能选自“人类生物学”专栏。故选B。D1 ：根据前文 Brightly coloured bikes decorated in flowers,butterflies and clocks have beenpopping upall over Amsterd
40、am for years.（多年来，装饰着鲜花、蝴蝶和钟表的色彩鲜艳的自行车在阿姆斯特丹随处可见。）”可知，出现在阿姆斯特丹的自行车装扮漂亮，结合后文They arefrom an American man named Warren Gregory.（它们来自一个叫沃伦.格雷戈里的美国人。）”可知，G 项”它们不是来自神秘的荷兰自行车精灵的作品。”与后文语义一致，介绍这种装扮鲜艳的自行车的由来。故选G。2：根据前文“Warrens bike-decorating campaign began when his wife couldnt find her bikeat Amsterdam Cen
41、tral.Warrens wife,Michelle,often struggled to remember details like whereshe parked her bike.To help her oul,Warren decorated her bike in bright flowers.（他的自行车装饰活动始于他妻子在阿姆斯特丹中心找不到她的自行车。沃伦的妻子米歇尔经常很难记住一些细节，比如她把自行车停在了哪里。为了帮助她，沃伦用鲜艳的花装饰她的自行车。）可知，这种装扮鲜艳的自行车初衷是沃伦用来帮助妻子快速找到自行车而为的。选项B“那样的话，就更容易找到了。”承接前文，与后文
42、 He Ihen decorated a bunch of abandoned bikes,which he left along the route home so that she would never get lost again.（然后他装饰了 一堆废弃的自行车，把它们放在回家的路上，这样她就不会再迷路了。）”相呼应，语义通顺。故选B。3：根据后文 Warren started decorating more bikes,and then ventured out into the streetsearly in the morning to leave his gifts to t
43、he world before the city woke up.（沃伦开始装饰更多的自行车，然后在清晨走上街头，在这座城市苏醒之前将他的礼物献给全世界。）”可知，沃伦更热衷于装扮自行车，所以E 项“过路人的欢乐使他更加兴奋。”说明了沃伦热衷于此的原因。故选E。4：根据前文“People love Warrens bicycles so much that they insist on paying for hiscreations.（人们非常喜欢沃伦的自行车，以至于他们坚持为他的发明买单。广可知，沃伦的行为受到了人们的欢迎，并愿意为此买单。结合后文沃伦所说的话 For me,seeing t
44、he bikes Icreated is enough（对 我来说，看到我创造的自行车就足够了）”可知，选项C”但金钱从来不是他的主要动机。”在该处承上启下，承接意思的转折，符合题意。故选C。5：根据全文可知，沃伦通过装扮自行车帮助妻子认车、认路，由于人们的喜欢，进而把街上的自行车装扮鲜艳,并安上代表着爱和幸福的名字,说明沃伦是一一个具有爱心的人。结合最后一段前文提到 Other than being a creative artist,Warren is also a really nice guy.HisInstagram posts are flooded with encouragem
45、ents and words of love,and you can feel the timeand love that he pours into every bike that he creates.（除了是一个有创造力的艺术家，沃伦也是一个非常好的人。他在Instagram.上的帖子充斥着鼓励和爱的话语，你可以感受到他把时间和爱倾注在他创造的每一辆自行车上。）”可知，沃伦是一个心中装满爱的人，F 项”我们真的需要更多像the Flower Bike Man（装扮自行车人）这样的人”对全文进行总结及主题升华，符合题意。故选F。EEarth Day,Take ActionTo celebr
46、ate the World Earth Day,April 22nd witnessed a significant activity launched by theStudent Union in our school.On the playground,an inspiring speech by the headmaster officially announced itscommencement,after which we students got down to work with high spirit and enthusiasm.Somegave the classrooms thorough cleanings,some picked up rubbish scattered about and others ensuredall the taps were tightened.Everything done,not only do we beautify our surroundings but alsoenhance our consciousness of environmental protection.What a day!Take action,and the world will be a better place.