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1、Unit 5 Language Points FIRST AID FOR BURNS 烧伤急救处理The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ.Your skin acts as a barrier against disease,toxins,and the suns rays.It also helps control your body temperature,prevents your body from losing too much water,warns you when things ar
2、e too hot or cold,and gives you your sense of touch.As you can imagine,getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.皮肤是人体必不可少的一部分，也是人体最大的器官。皮肤是一道屏障，能阻挡疾病、毒素和太阳光线的侵入。皮肤还有助于控制体温，防止身体流失过多的水分，在外物过热或过冷时发出警告，并使你拥有触觉。可想而知，烧伤
3、会造成严重后果。在处理烧伤时，第一步也是最重要的一步就是采取急救措施。It is essential that(should)do 是必要/至关重要的It is/was essential(for sb)to do sth (对某人来说)做某事是必要的be essential for/to 对来说是重要的It is essential that during COVID-19 we _(protect)ourselves.Most people hold the belief that its essential _(wear)a mask to control the spread of t
4、he disease.should protectto wear FIRST AID FOR BURNS 烧伤急救处理The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ.Your skin acts as a barrier against disease,toxins,and the suns rays.It also helps control your body temperature,prevents your body from losing too much water,warns you when
5、 things are too hot or cold,and gives you your sense of touch.As you can imagine,getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.皮肤是人体必不可少的一部分，也是人体最大的器官。皮肤是一道屏障，能阻挡疾病、毒素和太阳光线的侵入。皮肤还有助于控制体温，防止身体流失过多的水分，在外物过热或过冷时发出警告，并使你拥有
6、触觉。可想而知，烧伤会造成严重后果。在处理烧伤时，第一步也是最重要的一步就是采取急救措施。prevent(from)doing sth.阻止阻止做某事做某事keep from doing sth.stop(from)doing sth.sense of smell/taste/sight/hearing 嗅觉嗅觉/味觉味觉/视觉视觉/听觉听觉lead to(介词）介词）:1.=result in 导致；造成（后果）导致；造成（后果）2.通往通往.The road leads to the park.There is no doubt that stress can lead to physic
7、al/mental illness.CAUSES OF BURNS烧伤的原因You can get burnt by a variety of things:hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation,the sun,electricity,acids,or other chemicals.很多东西都会造成烧伤:灼热的液体、蒸汽、明火、辐射、太阳光、电流、酸性物质或其他化学品。TYPES OF BURNS烧伤的种类Burns are divided into three types,depending on the depth of skin damage.根据皮肤损伤的
8、深度，烧伤分为三类。First-degree burns These affect only the top few millimetres of skin.These burns are not serious.Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents.一度烧伤:仅伤及最上层几毫米的皮肤。此类烧伤并不严重，如轻度的晒伤和其他轻微家庭事故造成的烧伤。Second-degree burns These go below the top layer of the skin.Th
9、ey are serious and take a few weeks to get better.Examples include burns caused by hot liquids.二度烧伤:伤及最上层皮肤以下的部位。此类烧伤较为严重，需要数周时间才能康复，如灼热的液体造成的烧伤。被划分成被划分成Third-degree burns These affect every layer of the skin and sometimes the tissue under it.Examples include burns caused by electric shocks,burning
10、clothes,or petrol fires.These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must go to the hospital at once.三度烧伤:伤及每一层皮肤，有时甚至伤及皮下组织，如因电击灼伤、衣服着火造成的烧伤，或汽油起火造成的烧伤。此类烧伤会引起非常严重的内部损伤，伤者必须立即送往医院。CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNS烧伤的特点First-degree burns Third-degree burnsdry,red,and mildly swollen black an
11、d whitemildly painful .swollen:the tissue underneath can often be seenturn white when pressed little or no pain if nerves are damaged;Second-degree burns may be painful around the edges of the burnred and swollen;blisters;watery surfaceextremely painful一度烧伤 干燥、发红、微肿 微痛 受压时变白二度烧伤 发红;肿胀;起水疱;表层渗液 极度疼痛三
12、度烧伤 皮肤发黑或变白 肿胀;通常可见皮下组织 如神经受损，则微痛或无痛感;创面边缘或有痛感FIRST-AID TREATMENT急救处理1 Place burns under cool running water,especially within the first ten minutes.The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling.1.将烧伤部位放在流动的冷水下冲洗，尤其在前十分钟。冷水冲洗可阻止烧伤进程，缓解疼痛和肿胀。2 Dry the burnt area gently wit
13、h a clean cloth.2.用干净的布轻轻吸干烧伤部位的水分。3 Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary,unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.3.如有必要，用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服，除非衣服与被烧伤的皮肤粘连在一起。stick to 粘住；坚持粘住；坚持stick to ones dream 坚持梦坚持梦想想get/be stuck in 陷入陷入中，困在中，困在中中We were stuck in traffic for over an hour.我们遇上堵车，
14、堵了一个多小时。我们遇上堵车，堵了一个多小时。4 Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea,as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.4.用干净透气的布盖住烧伤部位。在受伤处涂抹油膏不可取，因为这会阻碍伤口散热，而且可能引发感染。5 If burns are on the face,make sure the victim can still breathe.5.如果
15、烧伤部位在脸上，应确保伤者仍可呼吸。6 If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns,there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.6.如果伤者是二度或三度烧伤，必须立刻送往医院。applyto把.涂到apply(to sb.)for（向某人）申请apply to do sth.申请做某事apply sth.to把某物应用于application n.申请；应用applicant n.申请人(1)The person who wants
16、to apply _ the position will be expected to have a good command of English.(2)Now a lot of new technology can be applied to _(solve)problems in industry.(3)If you are interested,please send an _(apply)email at your earliest convenience.(4)The position in the advertisement requires that the _(apply)s
17、hould have at least 8 years of working experience.forsolvingapplicationapplicants4 Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea,as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.4.用干净透气的布盖住烧伤部位。在受伤处涂抹油膏不可取，因为这会阻碍伤口散热，而且可能引发感染。5 If burns a
18、re on the face,make sure the victim can still breathe.5.如果烧伤部位在脸上，应确保伤者仍可呼吸。6 If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns,there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.6.如果伤者是二度或三度烧伤，必须立刻送往医院。urgent adj.紧急的紧急的 urgency n.紧急紧急 urge v.敦促，竭力主张敦促，竭力主张urge that+从句从句 强烈要求
19、强烈要求(should动词原形动词原形)It is urgent that+从句从句 急需急需(should动词原形动词原形)urge sb.to do sth.敦促敦促/力劝某人做某事力劝某人做某事(1)COVID-19 highlights the _(urgent)to build a community with a shared future for mankind.(2)It is urgent that the patient _(send)to hospital immediately.(3)My parents actively urged me _(take)advanta
20、ge of every opportunity to practice my oral English.urgency(should)be sentto takeease v./n.减轻，缓解；容易，舒适，自在ease the pain/pressure/tension/burden减轻疼痛/压力/紧张/负担with ease轻易，毫不费劲at ease不拘束，放松put sb.at ease使某人放松在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1 She studied _ engineering at that university,so she likes making _ toy
21、s by herself.However,without _,the toys cant work.(electric)2The right thing is to apply the cream _ your face and neck so that they wont get sunburned.3 It is essential that every child _(have)equal educational opportunities.4 In the accident,some passengers were slightly _,but the others had serio
22、us _ to the head and lost consciousness.Immediately the _ were rushed to a nearby hospital.(injure)5 Knowing that his son was out of danger,he fell asleep _ ease after the two hardest days.6 _ I explained on the phone,your request would be discussed at the next meeting.7 The old man went through a l
23、ot of _ in the old days.Whats worse,he _ from a heart attack when he was in his eighties.(suffer)8 He _ us to collect food and clothes for the flood victims who are in _need of relief,adding that it is a matter of _for the supplies to be sent to those victims in time.(urge)9 The warmth of my host family had put me _ ease and my nervousness was beginning to disappear.10 I think it extremely urgent that the damage caused by the floods _(deal)with immediately.electricalelectricelectricityto(should)haveinjuredinjuriesinjuredatAssufferingssufferedurgesurgenturgencyat(should)be dealtThank you!